Iron(III) Porphyrin‐Based Porous Material as Photocatalyst for Highly Efficient and Selective Degradation of Congo Red

A highly efficient and selective photocatalyst, UPC‐CMP‐1 has been successfully synthesized by a Sonogashira–Hagihara coupling reaction between iron(III) 5,10,15,20‐tetrakis‐(4′‐bromophenyl) porphine and 1,4‐diethynylbenzene. The scanning electron microscopy shows UPC‐CMP‐1 possesses a dendrite‐like nanostructure. Interestingly, within 120 s, UPC‐CMP‐1 can decompose 88.3% of Congo red (CR) molecules under visible light irradiation. Furthermore, UPC‐CMP‐1 exhibits high selectivity to CR over other dyes. These results reveal that conjugated microporous polymer should be an excellent candidate on the application of dye degradation.

     

Cloning and expression of a Porphyromonas gingivalis gene for protoporphyrinogen oxidase by complementation of a hemG mutant of Escherichia coli

Porphyromonas gingivalis, a bacterium implicated in periodontal pathogenesis, has a growth requirement for iron protoporphyrin IX. By complementation with a P. gingivalis 381 chromosomal DNA library, we were able to isolate a clone that enhanced the poor growth of a hemG mutant of Escherichia coli. The DNA sequence analysis of this clone revealed three open reading frames (ORFs). ORF3 encoded a protein of 466 amino acids with a calculated molecular weight of 51 695 Da. The deduced amino acid sequence of the ORF3 gene had significant similarity to sequences of protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO) from Myxococcus xanthus (30% identical residues). When the ORF3 gene was overexpressed in E. coli, the extract had much higher PPO activity than a control extract, and this activity was inhibited by acifluorfen, a specific inhibitor of PPO. Thus, ORF3 was named PgHemG. Furthermore, several porphyrin-related genes, including hemD, hemN and hemH, were identified in the data bases on the websites available on-line. We postulated that a porphyrin biosynthetic pathway to heme from preuroporphyrin may be conserved in P. gingivalis.     

Covalent modification of a glassy carbon surface by electrochemical oxidation of r-aminobenzene sulfonic acid in aqueous solution

R-aminobenzene sulfonic acid (r-ABSA) was covalently modified on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) by electrochemical oxidation in 0.1 M KCl aqueous solution. The presence of an r-ABSA monolayer on the GCE was proven by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Electron transfer to Fe(CN)₆^3? was investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) on the modified electrodes in solutions of various pHs. Changes in the solution pH value result in the variation of the terminal group (sulfonic acid group) charge state, based on which its surface pK_a values are estimated. The r-ABSA monolayer film on GCE has good stability and can be used as a charge-rich precursor to assemble oppositely charged species by layer-by-layer electrostatic interaction. For example, multilayer films of anionic Fe(III) tetrakis(p-sulfonatophenyl) porphyrin (FeTSPP) and cationic polymer diazo-resins (DAR) can be obtained on the r-ABSA/GCE based on electrostatic and covalently attached interaction and the resulting modified electrodes have good electrochemical response and stability.     

四(对-癸酰氧基)苯基卟啉锰的合成及循环伏安性质

目的：研究新型卟啉四（对－癸酰氧基）苯基卟啉锰配合物」ＴＤＰＰＭｎ（Ⅲ）Ｃｌ「的循环伏安性质。方法用元素分析、紫外可见光谱、红外光声、摩尔电导和核磁共振氢谱等方法对配合物的结构进行了表征,用循环伏安法研究了」ＴＤＰＰＭ（ｎ（Ⅲ）Ｃｌ「在ＤＭＳＯ溶液中的电化学性质。结果锰卟啉配合物中心离子由正三价还原为正二价的半波电位为－０．６９Ｖ,卟啉环氧化还原的半波电位为－１．８０Ｖ,二步电极反应均可逆,结论新     

How Finsen's light cured lupus vulgaris

In 1903, Niels Ryberg Finsen was awarded the Nobel Prize for his invention of light therapy for skin tuberculosis (lupus vulgaris). The mechanism of action has not been shown; thus, we wanted to elucidate the mechanism of Finsen's light therapy. We measured radiation that could be transmitted through his lens systems and absorption of the stain solution filters in the lamps, and related the obtained results to the possible biological effects on Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Judged from transmission characteristics all tested lens systems were glass lenses (absorbing wavelength < 340 nm). The tested filters likewise absorbed wavelengths < 340 nm. The methylene blue solution used to absorb heat, blocked out wavelengths below 340 nm and between 550 and 700 nm. Furthermore, fluorescence of M. tuberculosis indicated the presence of porphyrins and HPLC analysis of sonicated M. marinum showed that coproporphyrin III was present, which highly justified that porphyrins were present in M. tuberculosis. Production of singlet oxygen through radiation of porphyrins with light of e.g. 400 nm seems to be a most plausible explanation why Finsen's therapy worked in spite of the lack of shortwave ultraviolet radiation, which Finsen believed was the most effective radiation for treating skin tuberculosis.     

Helicobacter pylori in patients can be killed by visible light

BACKGROUND: Helicobacter pylori colonizes the mucus layer of the human stomach and may cause peptic ulcer and adenocarcinoma. Novel antimicrobial approaches are sought due to the occurrence of antibiotic resistance and consequent treatment failure. We report here that H. pylori is susceptible to inactivation by blue light. STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS: A controlled, prospective, blinded, trial of endoscopically delivered blue light to eradicate H. pylori in regions of the gastric antrum, in 10 patients between the ages of 21 and 80 who tested positive for H. pylori. Light (405 nm) (40 J/cm2) was delivered to a 1-cm diameter spot in the gastric antrum via optical fiber passed through the endoscope and weighed biopsies were taken from treated and control spots and colonies quantitatively cultured. RESULTS: Blue light killed 5 logs of bacteria in vitro. The mean reduction in H. pylori colonies per gram tissue between treated and control spots was 91% (7.4+/-4.8 x 10(6) vs. 8.1+/-1.9 x 10(7), two-tailed P < 0.0001). Some patients had reductions approaching 99%. No differences were observed on histological examination of light-treated and control gastric tissue. CONCLUSION: Blue light phototherapy may represent a novel approach to eradication of H. pylori, particularly, in patients who have failed standard antibiotic treatment.     

四(对-十四酰氧基)苯基卟啉过渡金属配合物的合成与表征

目的 合成相变温度较低、相区宽的卟啉液晶5,10,15,20－四（对－十四酰氧基）苯基卟啉[简称TMPPH2]及其Mn(Ⅲ）,Fe(Ⅲ）,Co(Ⅱ),Ni(Ⅱ),Cu(Ⅱ),Zn(Ⅱ)配合物。方法 用元素分析、紫外可见光谱、红外光声光谱、核磁共振氢谱和摩尔电导等现代分析方法表征了它们的组成和结构,并用DSC和偏高显微镜研究了配体及其锌配合物的液晶行为。结果 配体及锌配合物具有液晶性质,且锌配合物的液晶相相变温度始于0．618℃,相区宽达77℃。结论 具有应用前景的功能液晶材料。     

Erythroblast differentiation at spleen in Q137E mutant ribosomal protein S19 gene knock-in C57BL/6J mice

We recently found that erythroblast-like cells derived from human leukaemia K562 cells express C5a receptor (C5aR) and produce its antagonistic and agonistic ligand ribosomal protein S19 (RP S19) polymer, which is cross-linked between K122 and Q137 by tissue transglutaminases. RP S19 polymer binds to the reciprocal C5aRs on erythroblast-like cells and macrophage-like cells derived from human monocytic THP-1 cells and promotes differentiation into reticulocyte-like cells through enucleation in vitro. To examine the roles of RP S19 polymer in mouse erythropoiesis, we prepared Q137E mutant RP S19 gene knock-in C57BL/6J mice. In contrast to wild-type mice, erythroblast numbers at the preliminary stage (CD71^high/TER119^low) in spleen based on transferrin receptor (CD71) and glycophorin A (TER119) values and erythrocyte numbers in orbital artery bloods were not largely changed in knock-in mice. Conversely, erythroblast numbers at the early stage (CD71^high/TER119^high) were significantly decreased in spleen by knock-in mice. The reduction of early erythroblast numbers in spleen was enhanced by the phenylhydrazine-induced pernicious anemia model knock-in mice and was rescued by a functional analogue of RP S19 dimer S-tagged C5a/RP S19. These data indicated that RP S19 polymer plays the roles in the early erythroblast differentiation of C57BL/6J mouse spleen.