纳米-高频脉冲光技术靶向治疗肾癌的实验研究

目的 探讨纳米-高频脉冲光技术治疗肾癌的效果.方法 用人ACHN细胞株接种BALB/c裸小鼠,制备荷瘤动物模型,随机分成空白对照组、高频脉冲光治疗组(治疗1组)、纳米-高频脉冲光治疗组(治疗2组)、高频脉冲光预防治疗组(预防1组)和纳米-高频脉冲光预防治疗组(预防2组),均采用照射治疗,周期为4周,定期测量肿瘤体积,对实验结果进行统计学分析,同时对病理结果进行观察比较.结果对照组肿瘤体积(746.00±66.66)mm3,治疗1组肿瘤体积(107.95±37.44)mm3,2组(88.56土57.20)mm3;治疗组平均瘤体积及肿瘤生长曲线明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),但治疗1、2组间肿瘤体积差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).预防1组肿瘤体积(32.58±13.94)mm3、2组(40.35±15.04)mm3,与同期对照组(398.85±112.23)mm3比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),但预防1、2组间差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05). 结论高频脉冲光和纳米-高频脉冲光均能有效治疗肾癌,并在一定程度上可以预防肾癌的发生、发展.     

Acne treatment with a 1,450 nm wavelength laser and cryogen spray cooling

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: A laser with a wavelength in the mid-IR range targeting the depth in skin where sebaceous glands are located in combination with cryogen spray cooling was evaluated for treatment of acne. In this non-ablative treatment, the laser energy heats the dermal volume encompassing sebaceous glands whereas the cold cryogen spray preserves the epidermis from thermal damage. STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS: Monte Carlo simulations and heat transfer calculations were performed to optimize the heating and cooling parameters. A variety of heating and cooling parameters were tested in an in vivo rabbit ear study to evaluate the histological effect of the device on sebaceous glands and skin. Similar experiments were performed on ex vivo human skin. A clinical study for the treatment of acne on backs of human males was also conducted. RESULTS: Monte Carlo simulations and heat transfer calculations resulted in a thermal damage profile that showed epidermal preservation and peak damage in the upper dermis where sebaceous glands are located. Ex vivo human skin histology confirmed the damage profile qualitatively. In vivo rabbit ear histology studies indicated short-term thermal alteration of sebaceous glands with epidermal preservation. In the human clinical study on the back, a statistically significant reduction in lesion count on the treated side compared to the control side was seen (p < 0.001). Side effects were transient and few. CONCLUSIONS: The studies reported here demonstrate the feasibility of treating acne using a photothermal approach with a mid-IR laser and cryogen cooling.     

选择性绿激光汽化术治疗良性前列腺增生症

目的探讨选择性绿激光汽化术(PVP)治疗良性前列腺增生(BPH)的方法并评价其疗效。方法采用连续硬膜外麻醉,应用PVP治疗180例BPH患者。使用Laserscope公司生产的绿激光系统,平均功率80W,治疗时间20~140min[(42.5±19.4)min)],能量值10.2~54.2万焦耳[(12.4±5.6)万焦耳],术后留置尿管1~5d。结果术后52例出现一过性的终末血尿,12例暂时性尿失禁,18例短暂性排尿困难,3例迟发性出血。随访3~6个月,术后最大尿流率(Qmax)、IPSS评分、膀胱残余尿量(BRU)均较术前明显改善(P<0.05)。结论PVP治疗BPH操作简单,安全可靠,并发症少,恢复快,是治疗BPH的理想方法。     

A reasonable mechanism for visible light-induced skin rejuvenation

In recent years, much research has been done in the field of non-ablative skin rejuvenation. This comes as a response to the continuous demand for a simple method of treating rhytides, UV exposure, and acne scars. Numerous researches involve visible light-pulsed systems (20–30 J/cm²). The mechanism of action is believed to be a selective heat-induced denaturalization of dermal collagen that leads to subsequent reactive synthesis (Bitter Jr., Dermatol. Surg., 26:836–843, 2000; Fitzpatrick et al., Arch. Dermatol., 132:395–402, 1996; Kauvar and Geronemus, Dermatol. Clin., 15:459–467, 1997; Negishi et al., Lasers Surg. Med., 30:298–305, 2002; Goldberg and Cutler, Lasers Surg. Med., 26:196–200, 2000; Hernandez-Perez and Ibeitt, Dermatol. Surg., 28:651–655, 2002). In this study, we suggest a different mechanism for photorejuvenation based on light-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation. We irradiated collagen in vitro with a broadband of visible light (400–800 nm, 24–72 J/cm²) and used the spin trapping coupled with electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy to detect ROS. Irradiated collagen resulted in hydroxyl radicals formation. We propose, as a new concept, that visible light at the energy doses used for skin rejuvenation (20–30 J/cm²) produces high amounts of ROS, which destroy old collagen fibers, encouraging the formation of new ones. On the other hand, at inner depths of the skin, where the light intensity is much weaker, low amounts of ROS are formed, which are well known to stimulate fibroblast proliferation.     

三种光疗法治疗寻常性痤疮疗效观察

目的：评价光动力学疗法（PDT）,强脉冲光（IPL）和红蓝光（LED）治疗中、重度寻常性痤疮的疗效。方法：将90例中、重度痤疮患者随机分为三组：PDT治疗组,IPL治疗组和LED红蓝光治疗组。分别于治疗前、治疗中期（治疗1个月）和末次治疗结束后评价疗效。结果：治疗中期评价时,PDT、IPL、LED治疗组总有效率分别为93.3%、60.0%和36.7%,平均皮损减少率分别为90.4%、69.0%和39.8%。要达到炎症性皮损痊愈,PDT组平均需要（3±1.52）个治疗周期,IPL组（6±2.15）个治疗周期,LED组（9±3.34）个治疗周期。结论：光疗法治疗中、重度痤疮疗效显著,PDT组疗法效果优于IPL和LED组,副作用少,有很好应用前景,而长期疗效有待进一步观察。     

强脉冲光子脱毛的临床治疗经验与探讨

目的探讨强脉冲光子脱毛治疗相关操作技巧。方法应用强脉冲强脉冲光子脱毛方法，治疗113例患者计121个部位，对毛发的密度、色泽及硬度等进行随访。结果112例患者治疗终止时体表毛发均明显减少，患者满意。结论运用恰当的强脉冲光子脱毛操作方法能取得满意的效果。     

强脉冲光照射兔皮肤后的组织学观察

目的：观察强脉冲光照射兔皮肤后的组织学变化，为临床提供参考信息。方法：用34J／cm^2的强脉冲光对10只兔四个部位分别进行1．2、3、4次照射，术后第1、7、15、30、60、90天行切片观察。结果：一定能量的IPL能治疗光老化，并不引起严重炎症反应；IPL可使表皮层增厚，引起的胶原纤维增生可持续3个月以上。结论：光子嫩肤术可安全有效的治疗光老化，其效果可超过3个月，但它也是一种创伤性刺激。