含镁极化液治疗脑出血临床疗效观察

目的　研究含镁极化液在脑出血治疗中的作用。方法　将５８ 例脑出血患者随机分为治疗组３０ 例,２８ 例未应用含镁极化液治疗的为对照组,观察治疗前后头颅ＣＴ、神经功能缺损评分、血清镁水平的变化。结果　治疗后患者临床症状明显改善,出血吸收加速,死亡率降低及血清镁水平升高（ Ｐ＜ ０．０５） 。结论　在治疗脑出血时,应用含镁极化液是安全有效的。     

双眼平衡方法的比较研究

目的比较不同双眼平衡方法之间的差别，探索适合常规使用的最佳平衡方法。方法病例对照研究。50名（100眼）17-26岁青年近视患者，应用电脑验光仪和综合验光仪进行验光后，在7种不同情况下进行双眼平衡，使用视网膜动态检影的方法测其调节滞后量，比较融合下的双眼调节。利用SPSS13．0统计软件对相关数据采用析因设计的方差分析、Dunnett-t进行分析。结果①平衡与雾视的先后顺序及平衡方法的不同会影响双眼平衡的结果（肚15．610，P〈0．01；F=3．088，P〈0．05），并且两者间存在交互效应（F=4．570，P〈0．05）。②先平衡的棱镜分离法与利用调节滞后得出的对照组最接近，且这两者之间的差别没有统计学意义。结论相比而言，先平衡后雾视的棱镜分离法更接近理想的双眼平衡状态。     

Effectiveness of cross polarized light and fluorescence diagnosis for detection of sub‐clinical and clinical actinic keratosis during imiquimod treatment

Please cite this paper as: Effectiveness of cross polarized light and fluorescence diagnosis for detection of sub‐clinical and clinical actinic keratosis during imiquimod treatment. Experimental Dermatology 2010; 19: 641–647. Background: During treatment of actinic keratosis (AK) lesions with imiquimod sub‐clinical lesions often become visible. It is, however, unclear whether these sub‐clinical lesions would be detectable beforehand. Objective: The aim of this pilot study was to compare two techniques, cross polarized light photography (CPL) and fluorescence diagnosis (FD) using methyllevulinic acid and illumination with Wood’s lamp for their ability to detect sub‐clinical lesions. These findings were also compared with biopsy results taken before and after treatment with imiquimod 5% cream or vehicle. Methodology: Twelve patients with at least five clinically visible AK lesions in a single contiguous 20 cm² area on the head were recruited. Patient eligibility was determined at the screening visit, when they were randomized to treatment. The randomization was 3:1, active to vehicle (nine treated with imiquimod, three with vehicle cream) for a total duration of 24 weeks (six clinic visits). Patients were assessed for baseline AK lesion counts (clinical and sub‐clinical) at the screening visit and final counts at week 20. Results: The number of clinically observed AK lesions was significantly lower at week 12 and week 20 compared with baseline following imiquimod treatment versus vehicle. The number of counted lesions were significantly higher using the CPL method compared with clinical counting with imiquimod treatment at baseline (8.3 ± 3.4 vs 5.8 ± 1.3; P = 0.027) and week 20 (4.8 ± 2.4 vs 3.0 ± 1.7; P = 0.02) but not in the vehicle group. The FD lesion counting method did not show a significant increase in the number of detected lesions compared with clinical analysis in the imiquimod and placebo groups but when comparisons were performed using pooled data (treatments and visits combined) the results were significant. Conclusion: The number of sub‐clinical and clinical AK lesions detected during treatment with imiquimod can be better demonstrated using the methods of CPL and FD, but statistical significance was reached only using the CPL method. This is only a preliminary study with a small number of patients and as a result it is difficult to conclude both statistical and clinical significance. However, results were encouraging and indicate that larger studies are needed to demonstrate the relevance of these two new methods for improved detection of clinical and especially sub‐clinical AK lesions.     

基于正交双偏振光的无创血糖检测方法及初步实验研究

针对光电外差探测法和直接探测法偏振光无创血糖检测方法存在的缺点,本文提出了一种新的正交双偏振光无创血糖检测方法,将正交双偏振光通过血糖引起的微小偏振角的变化转化为两个方向上偏振光的能量差,由相关原理高灵敏锁相放大器检测,控制法拉第线圈电流补偿血糖引起的偏转角变化,利用血糖浓度与法拉第线圈电流的线性关系,计算获得血糖浓度。以LX-20全自动生化分析仪测得的数据作为标准进行对比实验,葡萄糖溶液实验的相关系数为0.9777,血清实验的相关系数为0.952。研究表明本方法具有较高的检测灵敏度和准确度,为研制实用的新型无创血糖检测仪打下了基础。     

Intravascular Polarimetry in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease

ObjectivesThe aims of this first-in-human pilot study of intravascular polarimetry were to investigate polarization properties of coronary plaques in patients and to examine the relationship of these features with established structural characteristics available to conventional optical frequency domain imaging (OFDI) and with clinical presentation.BackgroundPolarization-sensitive OFDI measures birefringence and depolarization of tissue together with conventional cross-sectional optical frequency domain images of subsurface microstructure.MethodsThirty patients undergoing polarization-sensitive OFDI (acute coronary syndrome, n = 12; stable angina pectoris, n = 18) participated in this study. Three hundred forty-two cross-sectional images evenly distributed along all imaged coronary arteries were classified into 1 of 7 plaque categories according to conventional OFDI. Polarization features averaged over the entire intimal area of each cross section were compared among plaque types and with structural parameters. Furthermore, the polarization properties in cross sections (n = 244) of the fibrous caps of acute coronary syndrome and stable angina pectoris culprit lesions were assessed and compared with structural features using a generalized linear model.ResultsThe median birefringence and depolarization showed statistically significant differences among plaque types (p < 0.001 for both, one-way analysis of variance). Depolarization differed significantly among individual plaque types (p < 0.05), except between normal arteries and fibrous plaques and between fibrofatty and fibrocalcified plaques. Caps of acute coronary syndrome lesions and ruptured caps exhibited lower birefringence than caps of stable angina pectoris lesions (p < 0.01). In addition to clinical presentation, cap birefringence was also associated with macrophage accumulation as assessed using normalized SD.ConclusionsIntravascular polarimetry provides quantitative metrics that help characterize coronary arterial tissues and may offer refined insight into coronary arterial atherosclerotic lesions in patients.     

神经阻滞结合直线偏振光近红外线(超激光)治疗原发性眶上神经痛的疗效观察

目的探讨治疗原发性眶上神经痛的有效方法。方法将64例患者随机分为两组:Ⅰ组(治疗组32例)在神经阻滞基础上给予直线偏振光近红外线(超激光)照射;Ⅱ组(对照组32例)采用口服维生素B1、消炎痛等西药常规治疗,疗程10 d。结果两组间治愈率、有效率和平均治愈时间比较,均有显著差异(P<0.01或<0.05),治疗组均明显优于对照组。结论神经阻滞基础上给予直线偏振光近红外线照射治疗原发性眶上神经痛疗效明显。     

偏振光皮肤镜在白癜风早期诊断及与其他色素减退斑鉴别中的应用

目的 探讨偏振光皮肤镜图像分析技术在白癜风早期诊断中的应用及与其他色素减退斑的鉴别.方法 收集局限性色素减退斑患者,采用偏振光皮肤镜观察皮损微观形态、特征和颜色;所选病例除花斑糠疹经临床与实验室检查确诊外,其余病例均经病理活检确诊.结果 176例患者中,白癜风97例,进展期毛周色素残留发生率达91.94%,显著高于稳定期(62.86%),两者之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);毛细血管扩张、早期色素岛形成和皮周色素加深等与病程和近期有无治疗有关.79例色素减退斑,包括花斑糠疹、炎症后色素减退、白色糠疹、老年性白斑、无色素痣、贫血痣和特发性滴状色素减退症,未见毛周色素残留.结论 偏振光皮肤镜有效地排除了白癜风皮损中的反射光干扰,是一种可直接观察到肉眼不可见微细结构与特征的影像技术;对白癜风的早期诊断及与其他色素减退斑相鉴别提供了参考依据.     

A quantitative assessment of the human skin surface using polarized light digital photography and its dermatologic significance

Background: Quantitative and objective investigations of parallel‐polarized light (PPL) photography for dermatologic purposes are scarce. Objective: To determine the significance of quantitative analysis of PPL photography to develop objective measurement methods of skin surface characteristics. Method: For PPL photography, a digital camera, a light‐emitting diode illuminator, and polarizing filters were arranged and kept constant. We analyzed the PPL photography images of the glabella, the medial aspect of the forearm, and the posterior aspect of the lower leg, and measured the CIELAB values. A dermatologist evaluated the clinical severity of the actual photographed sites with respect to glossiness and dryness. These clinical severities were compared statistically with the CIELAB values. Results: According to the correlation analysis, the L^* value was negatively correlated with dryness (r=?0.29869, P=0.0047) and glossiness (r=?0.35367, P=0.0185). Conclusion: The method used in this study is applicable to the quantitative evaluations of other dermatologic diseases or conditions, especially in relation to skin surface changes.