Long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid dietary recommendations are moderately efficient in optimizing their status in healthy middle-aged subjects with low fish consumption: a cross-over study

Several dietary recommendations have been made for marine n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) intake; however, the effectiveness of these fatty acids has not been thoroughly examined. The aim of this study was to investigate whether public-aimed dietary recommendations for long-chain n-3 PUFA from oily fish or fish oil supplements are efficient in optimizing their status in red blood cells (RBCs) and platelets of healthy middle-aged subjects with low customary fish consumption. In a randomized, cross-over trial conducted over an 8-week period and separated by a 6-month washout period, 33 participants received an oily fish (salmon), providing 274 mg eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) + 671 mg docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) per day, or a commercial fish oil supplement, providing 396 mg EPA + 250 mg DHA per day. Blood samples were collected before and after each intervention period, and RBCs and platelets were used for analysis of fatty acids. After 8 weeks, there were significant increases in EPA and DHA content in RBCs and platelets with both salmon and fish oil capsules. The increase in EPA in both RBCs and platelets was higher with capsules, whereas the increase in DHA in both RBCs and platelets was higher with salmon. In spite of the quantitative and qualitative differences between n-3 fatty acid profiles in salmon and the fish oil supplement, the overall incorporation of these fatty acids into RBCs and platelets did not differ in our short-term study (P > .05). The sum of EPA + DHA significantly increased in both compartments following dietary recommendations for oily fish and fish oil supplements intake in middle-aged healthy subjects with low baseline long-chain n-3 PUFA status, although targeted values with optimal cardioprotective effect of more than 8% were not achieved.     

Intermediate Outcomes and Predictors of Efficacy in the Radiofrequency Ablation of 100 Pathologically Proven Renal Cell Carcinomas

PurposeTo determine oncologic outcomes and predictors of primary efficacy, including RENAL nephrometry scores (radius, exophytic/endophytic properties, nearness of tumor to collecting system or sinus, anterior/posterior, location relative to polar lines), after percutaneous radiofrequency (RF) ablation of proven renal cell carcinoma (RCC).Materials and MethodsPatients who underwent percutaneous computed tomography– and ultrasound-guided RF ablation for histologically proven RCC from 2004 to 2011 were evaluated. Clinical data, pathologic findings, technical details, and outcomes were reviewed. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to determine predictors of primary technique effectiveness and complications. Local tumor progression–free, metastasis-free, and overall survival were calculated. One hundred RCC lesions underwent 115 RF ablation sessions in 84 patients. Median follow-up was 24 months (mean, 27 mo; range, 1–106 mo).ResultsEfficacy of RF ablation was defined per International Working Group of Image-Guided Tumor Ablation criteria. Total, primary, and secondary technique effectiveness rates were 95% (95 of 100), 86% (86 of 100), and 9% (nine of 100), respectively. Primary efficacy was associated with size (P < .001), proximity to collecting system (P = .001), RENAL nephrometry score (P < .001), and number of ablation zones (P < .001). Complications occurred in 13% of patients, without procedure-related deaths. The median 2.1-year local progression–free, metastasis-free, disease-specific, and overall survival rates were 86%, 98.7%, 100%, and 97.6%, respectively.ConclusionsPercutaneous image-guided RF ablation for RCC provides excellent intermediate oncologic control. Location, size, proximity to the collecting system, low RENAL nephrometry score, and number of ablation zones predict primary efficacy.     

Relation between thallium-201/iodine 123-BMIPP subtraction and fluorine 18 deoxyglucose polar maps in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

BACKGROUND: Clinical studies have shown discrepancies in the distribution of thallium-201 and iodine 123-beta-methyl-iodophenylpentadecanoic acid (BMIPP) in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Myocardial uptake of fluorine 18 deoxyglucose (FDG) is increased in the hypertrophic area in HCM. METHODS AND RESULTS: We examined whether the distribution of a Tl-201/BMIPP subtraction polar map correlates with that of an FDG polar map. We normalized to maximum count each Tl-201 and BMIPP bull's-eye polar map of 6 volunteers and obtained a standard Tl-201/BMIPP subtraction polar map by subtracting a normalized BMIPP bull's-eye polar map from a normalized Tl-201 bull's-eye polar map. The Tl-201/BMIPP subtraction polar map was then applied to 8 patients with HCM (mean age 65+/-12 years) to evaluate the discrepancy between Tl-201 and BMIPP distribution. We compared the Tl-201/BMIPP subtraction polar map with an FDG polar map. In patients with HCM, the Tl-201/BMIPP subtraction polar map showed a focal uptake pattern in the hypertrophic area similar to that of the FDG polar map. By quantitative analysis, the severity score of the Tl-201/BMIPP subtraction polar map was significantly correlated with the percent dose uptake of the FDG polar map. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that this new quantitative method may be an alternative to FDG positron emission tomography for the routine evaluation of HCM.     

逍遥散超临界CO2提取工艺及提取物GC-MS特征图谱初步研究

该文为了初步确定逍遥散超临界CO₂提取的最佳工艺条件,并建立提取物的气相色谱-质谱（GC-MS）特征图谱,以提取物得率为考察指标,采用正交试验设计方法,对提取压力、提取温度、CO₂流量、提取时间等因素进行考察;采用GC-MS对不同批次的提取物进行特征图谱分析。逍遥散超临界CO₂提取的最佳工艺条件为提取压力20 MPa,提取温度50 ℃,CO₂流量25 kg·h^-1,提取时间3 h,提取物平均得率2.2%。GC-MS特征图谱中确定27个共有峰,占总峰面积的81.89%,其中指认出21个化合物,占提取物总量的53.20%。超临界CO₂萃取工艺合理可行,GC-MS方法准确可靠,重复性好,可用于逍遥散超临界CO₂提取物的制备及质量控制。     

早期补救卵胞浆内单精子注射在常规受精失败周期中的应用

目的评估早期补救卵胞浆内单精子注射(r-ICSI)在常规体外受精(IVF)失败(低下)中的有效性。方法对59周期因全部受精失败或受精率低下进行早期r-ICSI受精(部分受精失败38周期,全部受精失败21周期)的不孕患者资料进行回顾性分析,统计其受精率、卵裂率、胚胎质量、妊娠率及种植率,与同期常规ICSI周期的数据进行比较。结果与同期299ICSI周期相比,早期r-ICSI组受精率、2PN率、胚胎率、优质胚胎率、临床妊娠率和胚胎种植率均无明显差异,3PN率r-ICSI组明显升高。结论对常规IVF失败(低下)患者进行早期-rICSI受精可以得到正常受精、胚胎发育及妊娠,为患者提供了更多的妊娠机会,可以考虑作为IVF实验室的常规操作。     

卵胞浆内单精子注射后多原核合子发生的相关研究进展

多原核合子是常规体外受精-胚胎移植过程中的正常现象,卵胞浆内单精子注射(ICSI)避免了多精子受精造成的多原核合子,但仍有可能出现多原核合子.ICSI后多原核合子出现主要是由于第二极体排出异常造成,卵母细胞质量、男方精液情况以及ICSI操作技术本身都是多原核合子形成的影响因素.该文针对ICSI后多原核合子的产生机制、影响因素、妊娠结局及相应处理措施进行综述.     

Progressive Cenozoic cooling and the demise of Antarctica's last refugium

The Antarctic Peninsula is considered to be the last region of Antarctica to have been fully glaciated as a result of Cenozoic climatic cooling. As such, it was likely the last refugium for plants and animals that had inhabited the continent since it separated from the Gondwana supercontinent. Drill cores and seismic data acquired during two cruises (SHALDRIL I and II) in the northernmost Peninsula region yield a record that, when combined with existing data, indicates progressive cooling and associated changes in terrestrial vegetation over the course of the past 37 million years. Mountain glaciation began in the latest Eocene (approximately 37-34 Ma), contemporaneous with glaciation elsewhere on the continent and a reduction in atmospheric CO(2) concentrations. This climate cooling was accompanied by a decrease in diversity of the angiosperm-dominated vegetation that inhabited the northern peninsula during the Eocene. A mosaic of southern beech and conifer-dominated woodlands and tundra continued to occupy the region during the Oligocene (approximately 34-23 Ma). By the middle Miocene (approximately 16-11.6 Ma), localized pockets of limited tundra still existed at least until 12.8 Ma. The transition from temperate, alpine glaciation to a dynamic, polythermal ice sheet took place during the middle Miocene. The northernmost Peninsula was overridden by an ice sheet in the early Pliocene (approximately 5.3-3.6 Ma). The long cooling history of the peninsula is consistent with the extended timescales of tectonic evolution of the Antarctic margin, involving the opening of ocean passageways and associated establishment of circumpolar circulation.     

常规体外受精失败卵母细胞行早期补救卵胞浆内显微注射的临床应用价值

目的探讨常规体外受精-胚胎移植（IVF—ET）中受精障碍患者行早期补救卵胞浆内单精子注射（ICSI）的可行性。方法回顾性分析我院生殖中心2007年1月至2009年7月常规IVF—ET治疗877周期,其中2008年3月至2009年7月期间开展短时受精并对受精障碍周期行早期补救ICSI的546周期作为研究组,2007年1月至2008年2月期间未开展短时受精、早期补救ICSI的331周期作为对照组。研究组通过IVF后6h观察卵母细胞是否排出第2极体评估受精,对完全未受精和低受精周期中未见第二极体排出的成熟卵母细胞立即行早期补救ICSI,比较两组临床及实验室指标。研究组中行早期补救ICSI的70周期实验室指标和临床指标与同期179个常规ICSI周期相比较。结果研究组通过早期补救ICSI,受精率、周期冷冻率、优质胚胎率均比对照组显著提高（P〈O．01）,因受精失败取消移植率显著降低（P〈O．01）。早期补救ICSI周期受精率、可移植胚胎率、临床妊娠率及胚胎种植率与常规ICSI相似,正常受精率、卵裂率和优质胚胎率显著低于常规ICSI,≥3原核（PN）异常受精的比率较常规ICSI略有升高,但无显著性差异。结论IVF后6h行早期补救ICSI能提高常规IVF卵的利用率,并获得与常规ICSI相似的临床妊娠结局。     

活细胞工作站技术在小鼠卵母细胞实时观察中的应用

摘要：目的：将活细胞工作站（LCS）应用于实时观察小鼠卵母细胞后期成熟和极体排放过程。 方法：运用LCS技术平台,利用hoechst 33342标记DNA,同时结合明场观察,实时记录小鼠卵母细胞后期成熟和第二极体排放过程。 结果：在建立最适工作条件后,成功将LCS技术平台应用于小鼠卵母细胞观察,获得了第二极体排放的实时影像。 结论：LCS技术可成功地应用于小鼠卵母细胞观察,为进一步扩展LCS应用范围,获得卵母细胞及早期胚胎生长发育过程的实时影像打下良好的基础。     

SAR Development of Lysine-Based Irreversible Inhibitors of Transglutaminase 2 for Huntington's Disease

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