53 patients from a mainly climacteric population were treated monthly with 200 mg dehydro-epiandrosterone (DHEA) oenanthate or with 1 ampoule Gynodian-Depot®. Pronounced adiposity was present in 15 of these cases. Hormonal variables were determined before the treatment and during the depot effect of the preparations in order to study the principle which supports the oestrogenic influence and any weight-reducing influence under administration of DHEA. The elimination of lowpolar oestrogens increased considerably in 4 out of 13 post-menopausal cases treated with DHEA. This effect is probably indirect and presupposes intact ovaries. The incorporation of exogenous DHEA into the excretion of 17-ketosteroids and of 17-ketogenic steroids, such as those of androsterone + aethiocholanolone, depends on the size of the initial pool inasmuch as it is higher in small initial pools than in saturated pools - the size of the pool being age-dependent.
An average weight loss of >1 kg/mth was observed under DHEA treatment in 7 out 15 adipose cases. In comparison to the other 8 adipose cases, these 7 were younger and therefore also displayed higher values for 17-ketosteroids and their individual fractions. These circumstances appeared to explain why the administration of DHEA resulted in higher levels of free plasma DHEA which, in contrast to the cases without loss of weight, also resulted in an increase of renal DHEA-sulphate clearance. It was concluded from the findings that this is the explanation for the catabolic effect of exogenous DHEA.
Post-menopausally increased FSH and LH fractions were markedly suppressed in about half of the determinations after Gynodian-Depot administration, the findings indicating that DHEA is probably involved in suppression of the LH fraction. 相似文献
Objective: A single oral dose of paracetamol (20 mg · kg−1) was given to 38 Chinese patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) who had either normal renal function
or varying degrees of renal impairment, with creatinine clearances ranging from 4 to 123 ml · min−1 · 1.73 m−2. The plasma and urinary concentrations of paracetamol and its major metabolites were measured by high-performance liquid
chromatography (HPLC).
Results: The absorption and elimination of paracetamol were unaffected by renal impairment. However, the area under the plasma concentration
time curve and the elimination half-life of paracetamol metabolites increased significantly with worsening renal insufficiency.
Mean renal clearances of paracetamol and its conjugates were significantly reduced in these subjects. There was no evidence
of altered metabolic activation with renal impairment.
Conclusion: The results demonstrate that paracetamol disposition is minimally affected by diabetic nephropathy; however, extensive accumulation
of conjugates may occur.
Received: 2 September 1996 / Accepted in revised form: 11 December 1996 相似文献
During growth of the blastocyst there is a net flow of cells from the polar to the mural trophectoderm which is presumed to be radially symmetrical. However, such a pattern of cell movement is inconsistent with findings from a recent clonal analysis. To visualize the overall flow of cells directly, the polar trophectoderm of expanding blastocysts was labelled globally with fluorescent microspheres. Following further growth, the great majority of blastocysts that remained labelled throughout the polar trophectoderm exhibited a polarized rather than radial spread of label into the mural region. This was the case regardless of the labelling technique, whether the blastocysts were grown in utero or in vitro, or had the zona pellucida removed or left on. Intriguingly, where there were two foci of spread of label into the mural trophectoderm rather than one, these were diametrically opposite each other. In further experiments, fluorescent lineage labels were used to distinguish junctional trophectoderm cells with and without an extension onto the blastocoelic surface of the inner cell mass. The location of clones formed following further blastocyst growth provided no evidence that egress of cells from the polar trophectoderm is restricted circumferentially by the presence of junctional cells having an extension. 相似文献
BACKGROUND: Attempts to 'rescue' by ICSI oocytes that remained unfertilized 24 h after conventional IVF have generally resulted in poor outcomes. The aim of the present study was to compare the outcome of rescue ICSI performed on one group of patients 6 h after initial insemination with those of another group where rescue ICSI was performed 22 h after initial insemination. METHODS: Twenty-five patient IVF cycles provided the oocytes for rescue ICSI 6 h after initial insemination, and 20 cycles provided the oocytes for rescue ICSI 22 h after initial insemination in this retrospective study. Fertilization and cleavage rates, embryo quality, implantation, and pregnancy rates after rescue ICSI were the main outcome measures. RESULTS: A fertilization rate of 70.3% was achieved with 6 h rescue ICSI compared with 48.5% with 22 h rescue ICSI (P < 0.0001). From 6 h rescue ICSI, 12 clinical pregnancies (48.0%) resulted in three sets of twins, eight singletons and one abortion. From 22 h rescue ICSI there was one (5.0%) singleton pregnancy and delivery of a healthy baby. Likewise, the implantation rate was 20.2% from 6 h rescue ICSI compared with 1.72% from 22 h rescue ICSI (P < 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: Rescue ICSI after 6 h post-insemination (46 h post-HCG) gave better fertilization, pregnancy and implantation rates compared with rescue ICSI after 22 h when oocytes have become aged. 相似文献
Neurotherapeutic potentials of Centella asiatica and its reputation to boost memory, prevent cognitive deficits and improve brain functions are widely acknowledged. The plant's bioactive compounds, i.e. asiaticoside, madecassoside and asiatic acid were reported to have central nervous system (CNS) actions, particularly in protecting the brain against neurodegenerative disorders. Hence, it is important for these compounds to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) to be clinically effective therapeutics. This study aimed to explore the capability of asiaticoside, madecassoside and asiatic acid to cross the BBB using in vitro BBB model from primary porcine brain endothelial cells (PBECs). Our findings showed that asiaticoside, madecassoside and asiatic acid are highly BBB permeable with apparent permeability (Papp) of 70.61 ± 6.60, 53.31 ± 12.55 and 50.94 ± 10.91 × 10?6 cm/s respectively. No evidence of cytotoxicity and tight junction disruption of the PBECs were observed in the presence of these compounds. Asiatic acid showed cytoprotective effect towards the PBECs against oxidative stress. This study reported for the first time that Centella asiatica compounds demonstrated high capability to cross the BBB, comparable to central nervous system drugs, and therefore warrant further development as therapeutics for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. 相似文献