Changes in proteoglycan aggregates during cartilage mineralization

Summary The dimensions of proteoglycan aggregates, aggregated monomers, and nonaggregated monomers, and the proportion of aggregated monomers found in the different zones of bovine rib growth plate have been defined by the electron microscopic monolayer technique. Growth plates were divided into the following 1 mm thick transverse slices; the hypertrophic zone, the lower proliferative zone, the upper proliferative zone, a transitional zone, and epiphyseal cartilage. Proteoglycans prepared by associative extraction followed by equilibrium density gradient centrifugation under associative conditions were examined by electron microscopy. Proteoglycan aggregate size decreased sharply in the lower proliferative and hypertrophic zones, as indicated by decreases in hyaluronate filament length and in the number of monomers per aggregate. Aggregated proteoglycan monomers did not show evidence of proteolytic degradation. Nonaggregated monomers were shorter than aggregated monomers, but their mean length did not decrease in the lower proliferative and hypertrophic zones. However, the proportion of nonaggregated monomers increased in these zones. Thus, before the cartilage matrix mineralized in the lower proliferative zone and as the cartilage matrix began to mineralize in the hypertrophic zone, proteoglycan aggregate size decreased and the proportion of aggregated monomers decreased. These changes in matrix proteoglycans may be one of the events that allow cartilage mineralization.     

悬臂矩形中厚板的弯曲

本文将广义简支边的概念加以补充和推广,以便应用考虑横向剪切变形影响的Reissner平板理论。用叠加法求得在平行于固定边的自由边中点作用一集中荷载的悬臀矩形中厚板弯曲的精确解。     

AO/ASIF锁骨钩钢板治疗TossyⅢ型肩锁关节脱位11例疗效分析

目的：比较AO／ASIF锁骨钩钢板与常规手术方法治疗TossyⅢ型肩锁关节脱位的疗效。方法：对11例TossyⅢ型肩锁关节脱位的患者采用AO／ASIF锁骨钩钢板治疗，对19例采用常规手术方法治疗。结果：用AO／ASIF锁骨钩钢板治疗的11例患者中，1例术后出现伤13感染，1例术后关节疼痛及活动受限。应用常规手术方法治疗的19例患者中，1例术后出现伤13感染，1例术后螺丝钉断裂．1例术后钢丝断裂．3例术后肩锁关节复发脱位，3例术后出现关节疼痛及活动受限。结论：AO／ASIF锁骨钩钢板设计合理，符合肩锁关节的解剖生理特征．其疗效优于常规手术治疗的方法．但其远期疗效尚需继续观察。     

胰岛素壳聚糖纳米粒的制备

 目的制备胰岛素壳聚糖纳米粒。方法采用酶水解和超滤膜分离技术，得到不同相对分子质量的壳聚糖，由凝胶渗透色谱法测定其相对分子质量；采用溶剂扩散法制备纳米粒，研究纳米粒的空间结构，测定其粒径、表面电位(zeta电位)、模型药物胰岛素包封率及体外释放。结果通过控制酶水解条件，经超滤分离得到3种不同相对分子质量的壳聚糖，凝胶渗透色谱法测得的重均相对分子质量(MW)分别为10 289，41500和101 870。经溶剂扩散法制备得到的壳聚糖纳米粒，呈类圆形球体，粒径分布较窄，且随制备工艺中乙醇加入量的增加、分散用超声次数的增多，以及壳聚糖分子量的降低，粒径变小。壳聚糖纳米粒带正电荷，zeta电位值大于+30 mV。放射免疫法测得的药物包封率为72.66%。在壳聚糖酶存在条件下，前1 h体外释放药物较快，1 h后趋于平稳，并能持续释放6 h。结论选用合适相对分子质量壳聚糖制备胰岛素壳聚糖纳米粒，方法简便，药物包封率高，并有一定的缓释作用。     

股骨近端解剖型锁定钢板治疗老年股骨转子间骨折

2008年6月～2010年5月,我科采用大转子直切口股骨近端解剖型锁定钢板治疗23例老年股骨转子间骨折患者,取得满意疗效。1材料与方法1.1病例资料本组23例,男9例,女14例,年龄65～85岁。伤后至手术时间3～10 d。左侧10例,右侧13例,按     

股骨髁锁定钢板结合重建锁定钢板治疗股骨远端骨折

2007年1月～2010年6月,我科采用切开复位股骨髁锁定钢板结合重建锁定钢板内固定治疗股骨远端骨折28例,疗效满意,报道如下。1材料与方法1.1病例资料本组28例,男20例,     

Characterization of vitamin–cisplatin-loaded chitosan nano-particles for chemoprevention and cancer fatigue

Abstract

Context: Vitamins have been shown to reduce chemotherapy-related fatigue (CRF) by conserving energy loss both during and after cancer treatment. However, it remains unknown whether this reduction of fatigue interferes with the cancer drugs or alters the effectiveness of these agents. Objectives: The objective was to synthesize vitamin–cisplatin-loaded chitosan nano-particles for chemoprevention and cancer fatigue. Materials and methods: Multi-vitamin (C, D3, and B12)–cisplatin composite nano-formulation called NanoCisVital (NCV) to overcome CRF. The interactions between vitamins and NCV were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, and a particle size analyser. The chemo-preventive activity was performed by in vitro bio assays. Results: SEM analysis showed spherical shape and the size is?<?225?nm. NCV inhibited the proliferating yeast cells as well as denaturation of bovine serum albumin, and it also reduced the sprouting of new blood vessels in dose-dependent manner. Conclusion: Collectively, these results demonstrate that the NCV particles can be used to reduce CRF without much affecting the anti-cancer properties of cisplatin.     

DECAY RESISTANCE IN THE CYPRESS PINES

The resistance of the heartwood and sapwood of several species of the genus Callitris to attack by the brown rot fungus Coniophora olivacea has been compared. The heartwood of the three forms of C. columellaris, and also of C. macleayana proved to be highly resistant to attack. The heartwood of forms of C. preissii was resistant, and that of C. enderlicheri and C. rhomboides was moderately resistant to this fungus. The sapwood of all the species proved to be uniformly susceptible to attack by the fungus. On the basis of the decay resistance tests, the three forms of C. columellaris could not be distinguished.     

Cone/Plate Viscosimeter and Sub-Specimen Volume

Owing to its geometry, the observed viscosity obtained with a Wells-Brook-field Micro Viscometer (LVT Cone/Plate, 1.565°) depends on sub-specimen volume. For each apparatus a compromise volume should be found, preferably giving both correct nominal values for Newtonian reference liquids and minimal variation with volume. Besides oil comparison liquids, the use of a water-ethanol comparison liquid is recommended for hemorheological measurements.     

跟骨接骨板内固定治疗跟骨碎折

目的 总结46例62侧跟骨碎折采用跟骨接骨板内固定治疗的临床疗效.方法 该组病人均采用骨折切开复位跟骨接骨板内固定的方法进行治疗.术前常规拍X线平片及CT片,对骨折的情况进行评估,伤后7～10天待肿胀消退后再进行手术.术中在“C“行臂X线机透视下进行复位,固定.术后常规治疗、护理,定期随访.结果 46例62侧骨折全部愈合,无跟骨感染的发生.经过随访,其中21例术后出现距下关节僵直及行走时距下关节不同程度的疼痛,可能与距下关节面碎折严重有关.结论 跟骨接骨板内固定治疗跟骨碎折有较好的疗效.