瑞舒伐他汀钙对脑梗死患者动脉粥样硬化及脑血流动力学的改善作用研究

目的探讨瑞舒伐他汀钙对脑梗死患者动脉粥样硬化及脑血流动力学的改善作用。方法将2014年1月至2015年6月于该院就诊的脑梗死确诊患者100例分为对照组和试验组,每组各50例。所有患者均给予常规治疗,试验组患者在常规治疗基础上口服瑞舒伐他汀钙。比较不同治疗方案对颈内动脉粥样硬化斑块及脑血流动力学的影响。结果治疗后,试验组不稳定动脉粥样硬化斑块检出率小于对照组(P0.05));试验组和对照组患者血流动力学均有所改善,试验组改善更显著,血流动力学指标组间比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论瑞舒伐他汀钙可稳定和逆转动脉斑块,减少动脉粥样硬化发病率,改善脑梗死患者脑血流动力学指标,降低不良事件发病率,值得推广应用。     

Xiaoxianggou attenuates atherosclerotic plaque formation in endogenous high Ang II ApoE−/− mice via the inhibition of miR-203 on the expression of Ets-2 in endothelial cells

BackgroundAtherosclerosis is a chronic immune-inflammatory disorder and one of the leading causes responsible for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Traditional Chinese medicine treatment with multi-targets has shown prospects for the therapeutic effect on atherosclerosis. Thus, this study aims to investigate whether xiaoxianggou has benefit for reducing the atherosclerotic plaque area in endogenous high Ang II ApoE^−/− mice and investigated the underlying mechanisms.MethodsEndogenous high Ang II ApoE^−/− mice model was generated by using two kidney one clip (2K1C). All mice were treated by intragastric administration with xiaoxianggou two times a week for 16 weeks. En face plaque area was analyzed by oil-red O staining. Serum anti-OxLDL antibodies were measured by ELISA assay. Expression of miR-203 and Ets-2 were evaluated using qRT-RCR and western blotting analysis, respectively.ResultsThis study revealed that xiaoxianggou treatment dose-dependently reduced the atherosclerotic plaque area and serum autoantibodies against oxLDL, elevated miR-203 expression and reduced Ets-2 expression in endogenous high Ang II ApoE^−/− mice. In primary arterial ECs, Xiaoxianggou reverses the reduced miR-203 expression and the elevated Ets-2 expression induced by AngII, which was further recovered by miR-203 inhibitor. Additionally, miR-203 regulated the expression of Ets-2 by targeting Ets-2-3′ UTR. Moreover, miR-203 inhibitor reversed the reduction of atherosclerotic lesion area induced by Xiaoxianggou.ConclusionsThese findings present that xiaoxianggou plays an anti-atherosclerotic role in endogenous high Ang II ApoE^−/− mice model, which is partly due to its antioxidant actions against atherosclerosis and the inhibition of miR-203 on the expression of Ets-2 in endothelial cells.     

染色体9p21多态性与急性非心源性脑梗死患者颈动脉斑块的易感性分析

目的: 探讨急性非心源性脑梗死患者染色体9p21区域rs10757274、rs7044859、rs4977574和rs496892基因多态性与颈动脉斑块的相关性。方法: 应用聚合酶链反应-连接酶检测反应（polymerase chain reaction-ligase detection reaction, PCR-LDR）对新疆和上海地区共411例急性非心源性脑梗死患者（无颈动脉斑块组181例,伴有颈动脉斑块组230例）的染色体9p21区域rs10757274、rs7044859、rs4977574和rs496892这4个位点进行基因多态性分析。结果: 在新疆和上海地区的中老年脑梗死患者中,颈动脉斑块组的携带rs4977574的G等位基因百分比明显多于无颈动脉斑块组,分别是52.6% 比41.7%（校正后P=0.006）;颈动脉斑块组患者rs4977574的GG基因型携带百分比高于无颈动脉斑块组,分别是26.5%比 20.4%(P=0.002)。位点rs10757274与rs4977574之间、位点rs7044859与 rs496892之间存在强的连锁不平衡关系。结论: 在新疆和上海地区的中老年脑梗死患者中,染色体9p21区带中rs4977574的基因多态性与颈动脉斑块的发生可能有一定关联。     

老年人颈动脉粥样硬化临床特点及相关危险因素的研究

目的：探讨老年人颈动脉粥样硬化临床特点及其相关危险因素。方法：收集符合纳入标准的住院老年患者临床资料,颈动脉多普勒检测颈总动脉内中膜厚度（IMT）、斑块有无及性质、管腔狭窄程度。结果：（1）老年人群颈总动脉IMT异常者占50.53%;颈动脉斑块阳性者占78.7%;颈动脉狭窄者占20%,以轻度狭窄为主。（2）颈动脉斑块好发部位依次是左颈总分叉、左颈总动脉、右颈总动脉、右颈总分叉、颈动脉窦、左颈内动脉、右颈内动脉、右颈外动脉、左颈外动脉。（3）颈动脉斑块阳性人群合并高血压心肌梗塞脑血管意外和心脑血管事件率增加。（4）颈动脉IMT异常组较IMT正常组年龄、收缩压、甘油三酯,合并脑血管事件和心脑血管事件明显增加,同时颈总动脉IMT增厚伴颈动脉斑块阳性率、管腔狭窄率及斑块累及部位增加。结论：老年患者颈动脉粥样硬化的发病率高,斑块好发于颈动脉分叉、颈总动脉、颈内动脉,并以左侧常见。颈总动脉IMT异常组合并脑血管事件和心脑血管事件率明显增加,颈总动脉IMT增厚增加颈动脉斑块和管腔狭窄的发生率。     

2型糖尿病合并颈动脉狭窄患者血清FGF23水平与颈动脉斑块稳定性的关联性研究

目的:探讨血清FGF23对2型糖尿病合并颈动脉狭窄(ICAS)患者不稳定斑块稳定性的作用。方法:选取糖尿病患者78例,分为无ICAS(WICAS)组47例和ICAS组31例,ICAS组行颈动脉内膜切除术。比较2组的血清FGF23、骨保护素(OPG)水平、颈动脉狭窄程度、颈动脉斑块稳定性等。另外,对ICAS组血清FGF23水平与颈动脉狭窄、颈动脉斑块的稳定性及其与炎性细胞因子超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)和白细胞介素-6(IL-6)的相关性进行评估。结果:与WICAS组相比,ICAS组的FGF23水平更高,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),且FGF23水平与ICAS组不稳定斑块的稳定性显著相关(P0.001)。结论:2型糖尿病颈动脉狭窄患者血清FGF23水平与患者颈动脉狭窄斑块不稳定性明显相关。     

血管内超声/光声联合成像研究进展

血管内超声/光声联合成像技术将血管内超声成像(IVUS)和血管内光声成像(IVPA)相结合、生成血管的组合图像。这种新的成像技术可获得高对比度和高分辨率的血管壁及管腔图像,可快速定位风险斑块并辨别其成分。本文就IVUS/IVPA联合成像的可行性及研究现状进行综述。     

中老年2型糖尿病患者血清骨钙素与 颈动脉粥样硬化病变的关系

ABSTRACT Objective To investigate the relationship between serum osteocalcin (OC) and carotid atherosclerosis (CAS) in middle-aged and elderly patients with T2DM. Methods A total of 430 middle-aged and elderly patients with T2DM were selected in the Department of Endocrinology in our hospital. Color Doppler ultrasound was used to detect the intima-media thickness (CIMT) of the bilateral carotid arteries, including 112 patients with normal CIMT (CIMT normal group), 106 patients with CIMT thickening (CIMT thickening group), and carotid atherosclerotic plaques There were 212 cases of lumps (CAS plaque group), and the differences in serum OC levels in each group were compared. Analyze the relationship between OC and CIMT thickening and the occurrence of CAS plaque. Results The mean OC in the CIMT thickening group (11.51±5.02) ng/ml and the mean OC in the CAS plaque group (11.59±4.23) ng/ml were significantly lower than the mean OC in the CIMT normal group (14.16±5.56) ng/ml, the difference was both There is statistical significance (P<0.01). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the decrease of OC level is a risk factor for CIMT thickening and CAS plaque in middle-aged and elderly patients with T2DM. Conclusion Middle-aged and elderly T2DM patients with reduced OC levels are closely related to the risk of carotid atherosclerosis. Patients with significantly reduced OC levels should be reminded to undergo CAS screening early. KEY WORDS diabetes, type 2; middle-aged and elderly; osteocalcin; carotid artery intima-media thickness; atherosclerotic plaque     

国产DYS─15A型电动牙刷与手动牙刷应用比较的实验研究

国产DYS─15A型电动牙刷与手动牙刷进行了研究比较。以评价它的实用性。首先通过烟斑清除率的记录,比较两种牙刷的去烟斑效果;其次,应用扫描电镜观察两种牙刷对牙釉质、牙骨质表面的影响。结果表明,电动牙刷的烟斑清除率为52.0％显著高于手动牙刷23.6％,P<0.01;且通过扫描电镜观察到,两种牙刷均未造成牙齿表面的刷痕和划痕。