组织因子与产科凝血关系的初步研究

目的检测正常足月妊娠胎盘、蜕膜和子宫肌层中是否富含在启动凝血、止血过程中起关键作用的组织因子(tissuefactor,TF),初步探讨TF与产科凝血间的关系。方法选择正常足月妊娠30例,用ELISA方法分别检测血浆、胎盘、蜕膜、子宫肌层中TF抗原含量。结果胎盘、蜕膜和子宫肌层中TF抗原含量分别为(35.43±1.51)ng/ml(14.17±0.60)ng/mg总蛋白、(39.00±1.88)ng/ml、(15.60±0.75)ng/mg总蛋白和(10.92±3.19)ng/ml(4.37±1.28)ng/mg总蛋白。血浆中为0.013ng/mg总蛋白。胎盘、蜕膜、子宫肌层的TF抗原含量分别是血浆的1090、1200、336倍。结论正常足月妊娠胎盘、蜕膜和子宫肌层富含TF,TF可能与胎盘剥离面凝血止血及产科凝血障碍有关。     

Isolation and characterization of Hofbauer cells from human placental villi

Summary Hofbauer cells are a major cell type of the human placental villous core and they are particularly numerous at the beginning of pregnancy. In the present study we describe a method suitable to obtain HC suspensions in a highly purified form. These suspensions have been analyzed for surface markers using a battery of monoclonal antibodies. Of all the surface markers used, Hofbauer cells were only positive for 4F2, LeuM2 and LeuM3 monoclonals which mainly detect cells of the monocyte-macrophage lineage. Hofbauer cells were consistently negative for HLA-DR antigens, C3bR and T- or B-cell markers. Hofbauer cells appeared capable of phagocytosing latex beads, adhering to and spreading over plastic surface and secreting lysozyme. In contrast, they failed to originate an efficient respiratory burst in response to appropriate stimulation. Hofbauer cells were positive for ANAE with a perinuclear localization of the enzyme activity, but consistently negative for peroxidase. These observations suggest that they share a number of features with cells of the monocyte-macrophage lineage and yet have some distinctive properties.     

牛胎盘提取物促进成纤维细胞的增殖活性

探讨了牛胎盘中促进成纤维细胞增殖能力的活性成分的制备及其活性验证.采用超滤法从牛胎盘中制备相对分子质量大于10 000的样品,对其进行促进成纤维细胞的增殖实验,证明其具有显著促进细胞增殖能力.离子层析色谱分析可知,此活性成分由 4 个组分组成,分别验证促进成纤维细胞增殖活性,其中组分二、三有显著促进细胞增殖能力.     

多次人工流产后再妊娠分娩时对产妇影响的探讨

分析 8 6例有 2次以上人工流产史后妊娠的初产妇并同期 110例无人工流产、无宫腔操作史的初产妇作对照 ,结果在分娩时两组主要并发症有显著差异 (P <0 .0 1) ,提示多次人工流产后对再妊娠的不利影响。应引起广大妇女及医务工作者的重视 ,尽可能杜绝产前人工流产。     

宫内生长迟缓胎盘血循环障碍的形态特征

目的：研究宫内生长迟缓（ＩＵＧＲ）胎盘的超微结构改变及其与胎盘血管系统病变的关系。方法：随机选取ＩＵＧＲ和正常产妇足月胎盘各２０例，进行光、电镜观察。结果：多数ＩＵＧＲ胎盘毛细血管内皮细胞变性，通透性加大，基底膜增厚，管腔扩大，血管密度减少，可见腔内红细胞淤带。血小板聚积，纤维素沉着以及动、静脉全层结构变性等循环障碍的形态表现。结论：胎盘血管的病变加重胎盘缺血引起胎盘功能不良，可能为宫内胎儿生长迟     

RELEASE OF A SUBSTANCE FROM THE HUMAN PLACENTA HAVING DIGOXIN-LIKE IMMUNOREACTIVITY

1. The human placental lobule, perfused with a constant flow (5 mL/min) of Krebs’ solution after delivery at term, released into the fetal perfusate a digoxin-like substance, as measured by a fluorescence polarization immunoassay. 2. Initially the venous concentration was 360 ± 66.7 pmol/ L digoxin equivalents. This level did not change significantly during fetal vasoconstriction induced by prostaglandin F₂α infusion and persisted for the duration of the experiment (1.5–2h). 3. Infusion into the fetal circulation of Fab fragments of sheep antibodies to digoxin caused vasodilatation, indicated by a fall in perfusion pressure. 4. Thus a digoxin-like immunoreactive substance, previously reported to be present in the placenta, is released into the fetal circulation and may play a role in placental control of fetal vascular tone.     

54例晚期产后出血的临床分析

1980年9月—1988年8月,我院10380例分娩中有晚期产后出血(LPH)54例,占0.52％;有人工流产既往史者的发生率高于无人工流产史者。54例LPH出血原因有胎盘残留22例,感染30例,子宫下段横切口裂开1例,阴道血肿1例,均治疗痊愈。遇有患者产后红恶露淋漓不净和子宫复旧不良,应提高警惕,B型超声监测有助于诊断与处理。     

子痫前期患者血清和胎盘β-hCG水平测定

目的 探讨子痫前期患者血清和胎盘组织中人绒毛膜促性腺激素水平改变与发病的相关性.方法 选择轻度、重度子痫前期患者及对照组(正常妊娠孕妇)各24例,随机选择三组产妇的胎盘各16例,利用酶联免疫分析法测定三组血清及胎盘中人绒毛膜促性腺激素水平.结果 轻度子痫前期患者组血清和胎盘中人绒毛膜促性腺激素水平分别为60.7±18.2ng/mL、5.13±1.6ng/mg,均高于对照组的27.9±16.4ng/mL、2.98±1.2ng/mg(P＜0.01);重度子痫前期患者组血清和胎盘中人绒毛膜促性腺激素水平分别为93.5±29.6ng/mL、7.82±1.5ng/mg,明显高于轻度子痫前期组的60.7±18.2ng/mL、5.13±1.6ng/mg(P＜0.01).结论 子痫前期患者血清和胎盘中人绒毛膜促性腺激素水平升高,可能通过调节细胞滋养细胞和血管内皮细胞的功能而参与了子痫前期的发病.     

人足月妊娠胎盘绒毛合胞体细胞超微结构的定量研究

应用透射电镜对１２例足月妊娠胎盘组织合胞体细胞合成区和运输区的微绒毛和线粒体进行体视学测试，结果发现合成区微绒毛表面积密度，体积密度和表面积均大于运输区，线粒体体积密度，数密度和表面积密度也大于运输区。表明胎盘合胞体细胞合成区功能比运输区活跃，能量代谢增加，是执行胎盘各种功能活动的主要场所     

HBsAg阳性孕妇足月分娩胎盘HBV感染状态的免疫组织化学研究

目的：拟从观察胎盘乙型肝炎病毒（ＨＢＶ）感染状态，探讨ＨＢＶ宫内传播发生的机制，以期为进一步预防ＨＢＶ宫内传播提供科学依据．方法：采用ＡＢＣ免疫组织化学染色检测ＨＢｓＡｇ阳性孕妇足月分娩胎盘ＨＢｓＡｇ和ＨＢｃＡｇ感染和分布状态．结果：在６２例足月分娩胎盘中，２１例检出了ＨＢｓＡｇ，８例检出ＨＢｃＡｇ．ＨＢｓＡｇ主要分布于蜕膜血管内皮细胞（１８例）、蜕膜细胞（２１例）、滋养层细胞（８例）、绒毛间质细胞（８例）和绒毛血管内皮细胞（５例）的胞浆和绒毛间隙（２１例）中．ＨＢｃＡｇ分布于蜕膜细胞（５例）、蜕膜血管内皮细胞（８例）和绒毛间质细胞（８例）的胞核内．结论：结果提示，ＨＢＶ可在胎盘组织中复制．ＨＢＶ经胎盘感染胎儿的主要途径可能是经血和（或）细胞传递方式实现的．即ＨＢＶ经蜕膜细胞和（或）绒毛间感染滋养层细胞，然后感染绒毛间质细胞，最终感染胎儿毛细血管内皮细胞