国际情绪图片系统在116名中国老年人中的试用

目的:对美国NIMH情绪与注意研究中心编制的国际情绪图片系统在中国老年人群中进行试用,将结果与NIMH常模进行比较,探讨其异同.方法:在大连市三个社区的老年活动中心选取老年人116名(男:51人,女:65人),年龄60-80岁之间,对从国际情绪图片系统中选取的60幅图片(负性:23幅.中性:12幅,正性:25幅)进行愉悦度、唤醒度、优势度的9点量表评分,结果与NIMH常模进行比较.结果:中国老年人三个维度的评分与NIMH常模的相关系数分别为:0.92,0.54,0.88(P均＜0.001).中国老年人群的唤醒度和优势度评分高于NIMH常模[(5.33±0.93)V8.(4.83±1.25),(5.60±1.20)vs.(5.19±1.21),P＜0.001],而愉悦度评分低于NIMH常模[(4.99±2.28)vs.(5.28±1.85),P=0.020].男女老年人群对大多数图片的情绪感受相近,但女性老年人愉悦度评分高于男性老年人[(5.05±2.33)vs.(4.93±2.24),P=0.002].在愉悦度一唤醒度二维情感空间中,60幅图片呈"＜"形分布.正性图片愉悦度和唤醒度呈线性相关(r=0.71,P＜0.001),负性图片两者的相关性不显著(r=-0.35,P＞0.05).结论:国际情绪图片系统具有较好的国际通用性.但由于中国老年人与NIMH常模在文化、生活、年龄等方面存在差异,故对部分图片的情绪感受不同,提示国际情绪图片系统应用于中国老年人群之前有必要进行本土化的修订.     

Radiation Dose Reduction during Uterine Fibroid Embolization Using an Optimized Imaging Platform

Purpose

To assess radiation dose reduction during uterine fibroid embolization (UFE) using an optimized angiographic processing and acquisition platform.

First trial rewards promote 1-trial learning and prolonged memory in pigeon and baboon

There is a long-standing debate in educational settings on the influence of positive and negative consequences on learning. Although positive rewards seem desirable from an ethical perspective, 1-trial learning has been best demonstrated in the animal literature with tasks using highly salient negative consequences, such as shock or illness, and so far only in tasks requiring the acquisition of a singular stimulus-response association. Here we show that pigeons and baboons can concurrently learn, in a cognitively challenging memorization task, hundreds of picture-response associations after a single exposure and that this rapid learning is better promoted by a positive outcome after the first picture presentation. Further, the early positive outcomes had beneficial effects on the memory of learned acquisitions that was detectable up to 6–8 months after initial training. Beyond their significance for educational policies, these findings suggest that the psychological and brain mechanisms controlling rapid, often 1-trial, learning have a long evolutionary history. They may represent the phylogenetic precursor for the disproportionate impact of first impressions in humans and the phenomenon of fast word learning in children.     

Fatal Bone Marrow Necrosis Following Fludarabine Administration in a Patient with Indolent Lymphoma

We report the first known case of fulminant bone marrow necrosis (BMN) occurring after infusion of fluduabine monophosphate in a patient with recurrent low-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). Extensive BMN is characterized by the development of fever, bony pain. a leukoerythroblastic peripheral blood film, variable degrees of pancytopenia and elevations in lactate dehydrogcnase and alkaline phosphatase. The diagnosis of BMN is rarely entertained ante-mortem. Although the precise role chemotherapy may have played in triggering fatal BMN remains speculative, we alert clinicians to be aware of this entity as more patients with indolent lymphomas and leukemias are treated with this and other potent nucleoside analogs.     

不同情绪模式图片眼动特征的研究

目的比较不同情绪模式图片的眼动结果,探索能反映图片情绪因素对人们影响程度的眼动指标,探讨人们观看情绪图片的眼动特征。方法根据40名被试对40张情绪图片的评分结果,挑选出5张有显著差异的情绪图片,分别定义为正性、偏正性、中性、偏负性、负性5种类型。以选出的5张情绪图片为刺激材料,另选39名被试运用EYELINK-II眼动仪进行眼动实验,每张图片呈现20s,运用单因素方差分析及多重比较方法分析眼动数据。结果注视点总数、注视点平均注视时间、最大瞳孔尺寸和平均瞳孔尺寸指标均差异有显著性。在四个有显著差异的眼动指标中,负性图片和正性图片均与中性图片差异有显著性。注视点总数结果正性图片[(57.56±20.66)个]、负性图片[(51.82±20.54)个]均多于中性图片[(41.97±17.77)个];平均瞳孔尺寸结果正性图片[(1022.98±328.09)units]、负性图片[(1058.89±377.58)units]均大于中性图片[(831.60±265.98)units]。结论不同情绪模式图片的眼动特征有差异,注视点总数与平均注视时间、最大瞳孔尺寸与平均瞳孔尺寸指标是评价情绪图片的较好指标,人们观看正、负性图片比观看中性图片时瞳孔更大、注视点更多。     

经济实用的医学影像图文报告系统

随着数字化影像技术不断应用于临床,影像诊断报告计算机化、标准化、规范化,已逐步成为医学影像检查科室的必然发展趋势。医学影像图文报告系统简洁易用、实用、性价比高,真正实现了各级医院影像诊断报告的计算机化、标准化、规范化,具有良好的社会效益和很高的推广价值。     

医学影像信息系统工作站等的配置与图像显示质量关系的探讨

探讨放射科PACS工作站等软、硬件的配置,提高医学图像的显示质量。单机双显配置结合适宜的软、硬件配置可以提高PACS中医学影像的显示质量。     

关于数字舌图的群体特征研究

目的:通过对不同年龄、性别的舌色、舌苔分组比较,对群体数字舌图所表现的舌象特征进行描述与探讨。方法:采用舌象分析仪拍摄了884例体检者的数字舌图。运用Lab色彩模型描述舌色的色空间。采用舌象分析软件提供的舌苔面积、苔厚指数、裂纹指数、舌中湿度值进行舌苔分析。结果:①不同性别者的舌色之间存在着2.57的色差;②年龄增加导致的舌色变化主要因于b值的逐渐降低;③随着年龄的增长,舌苔面积、厚度和裂纹指数均呈现增长趋势。结论:探讨数字舌图的群体特征,有助于获得舌象的整体信息和变化规律。     

异常血象细胞形态556例镜检分析

目的强调对血液自动分析仪筛查出的异常血象,进行人工细胞形态镜检分析的重要性。方法在油镜下对556例异常血象进行人工细胞形态学镜检,并计数有核细胞200个,算出其中百分率,然后对与疾病相关的主要异常细胞学形态进行分组统计分析。结果556例异常血象中421例可检出异常的细胞形态,检出率达76%,能发现与疾病相关的异常细胞,且能弥补仪器固定的局限。结论血液自动分析仪对异常血象只能起到初筛的目的,不能取代人工细胞形态学镜检分析。只有二者结合,优势互补,才能减少漏诊、误诊。     

PACS在构建医学影像学教学图片资源库与电子图片试题库中的应用

目的评价医学影像图像与传输系统(picture archiving and communication system,PACS)在医学影像学教学中的应用价值。方法利用PACS构建医学影像学电子教学图片库,积累了有价值的影像资料近3万份,制作了全套多媒体演示型课件、网络课程和电子图片考试试题库,建立了大屏幕多媒体阅片室。结果医学影像学教学图片资源库与电子图片试题库的构建,改变了传统的医学影像学教学方法,实现了影像教学的实时化、多样化,在医学影像学教学和临床实习、见习中获得了一致好评。结论PACS有利于提高医学影像学教学质量,值得进一步完善和推广。