胃镜下微波凝固及激光光动力单独或联合治疗上消化道恶性肿瘤的临床疗效评价

目的综合评价微波凝固疗法（Microwave Coagulation Therapy,MCT）和激光光动力疗法（Laser Photodynamic Therapy,LP-DT）单独或联合治疗晚期上消化道恶性肿瘤的临床疗效。方法在胃镜下采用MCT治疗食管癌100例和贲门-胃底癌168例,LP-DT治疗食管癌43例、贲门-胃底癌64例和胃癌109例,MCT和LPDT联合治疗严重食管癌42例和贲门-胃底癌38例癌性狭窄,选择食管癌、贲门-胃底癌和胃癌共20例为对照组。结果MCT组、LPDT组和MCT和LPDT联合组三组治疗有效率分别达到100%、96.76%和93.75%,与对照组比较有显著疗效,并且费用低、创伤和副作用小、并发症少。结论MCT和LPDT是治疗晚期上消化道恶性肿瘤较理想的方法,特别是两种方法联合治疗能最大程度地解决癌性狭窄,达到了手术切除的效果。     

光动力疗法治疗中、重度痤疮的疗效观察

目的:观察光动力疗法在中、重度痤疮治疗中的疗效及不良反应。方法:选取90例中重度痤疮患者,应用易妍光能净颜调护组结合光动力治疗仪进行治疗,对疗效及不良反应进行观察和记录。结果:经过3次光动力治疗后,90例中、重度痤疮患者,痊愈58例,显效25例,有效7例,无效0例,总有效率为92%。治疗过程中,仅有部分患者出现红斑、灼热感、轻度水肿、脱皮等不良反应,能自行缓解,且不影响后续治疗。结论:光动力疗法治疗中、重度痤疮简单、有效、安全,值得临床推广。     

多功能介孔二氧化硅纳米粒在肿瘤治疗中的研究进展

介孔二氧化硅纳米粒由于较高的物理化学稳定性、易于官能化、低毒性以及对许多不同类型治疗剂的巨大负载能力,涉及了化学药物治疗、光热治疗、光动力治疗以及联合治疗,在肿瘤治疗方面受到极大的关注和广泛的研究探索。本文介绍了近年来基于介孔二氧化硅纳米粒作为载体在肿瘤治疗方面的一些研究报道,这些智能化的多功能性已经促使介孔二氧化硅纳米粒成为将来用于临床的非常有前途的药物纳米载体。     

5-ALA-photodynamic therapy in refractory vulvar lichen sclerosus et atrophicus

Objective: As a chronic inflammatory skin disease of unknown etiology, vulvar leukoplakia mainly affects postmenopausal and peri-menopausal females. The main clinical manifestations of vulvar lichen sclerosus et atrophicus (VLSA) include itching, burning pain, and sexual dysfunction, which can lead to a decline in the quality of life. The existing treatment options include topical corticosteroid ointment, estrogen, and traditional Chinese medicine. However, their therapeutic effects on VLSA remain unsatisfactory. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of photodynamic therapy (PDT) in combination with 5-aminoketovaleric acid (ALA) for the treatment of vulvar leukoplakia. Methods: A total of 30 patients with VLSA who failed routine treatment were treated with ALA-PDT. The patients were irradiated at a power density of 60-90 mW/cm² with a red light at a wavelength of 635±15 nm for 20 min. Twenty percent of ALA water-in-oil emulsion was applied to the lesion and sealed with plastic film for 3 h. The treatment was repeated three times every 2 weeks. The objective and subjective symptoms and signs of vulvar lesions based on the horizontal visual analogue scale were recorded at 6 months after each treatment and the last treatment. Results: All patients completed three cycles of ALA-PDT and follow-up. The clinical symptoms of pruritus completely disappeared in 27 cases. Itching changed from severe to mild in three cases. The pathological changes of all subjects were improved. The main side effects of ALA-PDT were pain, erythema, and swelling. The side effects were temporary and tolerable. All patients reported their results as “satisfied” or “very satisfied”. Conclusions: ALA-PDT was an effective and safe approach for the treatment of VLSA.     

The Effect of Photodynamic Therapy in Root Canal Disinfection: A Systematic Review

Introduction

Effective root canal disinfection is a fundamental component of successful root canal treatment. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been proposed as a new adjunctive method for additional disinfection of the root canal system with the possibility of improved treatment outcomes. The aim of this systematic review was to investigate the effect of PDT on bacterial load reduction during root canal disinfection.

Methods

Two reviewers independently conducted a comprehensive literature search using a combination of medical subject heading terms and key words to identify studies relevant to the Population Intervention Control Outcome question. The selection of articles for inclusion was performed in 2 phases based on predetermined eligibility criteria according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Inter-reviewer agreement for each phase was recorded. The effect of PDT on bacterial load reduction during root canal disinfection was evaluated as the primary outcome variable during data extraction.

Results

The literature search provided 57 titles and abstracts. Three articles met the inclusion criteria and were selected for this systematic review. The reasons for study exclusion in each phase were recorded. Because of the heterogeneity in clinical indications and PDT protocols among the included studies, a meta-analysis could not be performed. All included studies showed a positive effect of PDT in the reduction of microbial load in root canal treatment ranging from 91.3%–100%.

Conclusions

Limited clinical information is currently available on the use of PDT in root canal disinfection. If supported by future clinical research, PDT may have efficacy for additional root canal disinfection, especially in the presence of multi–drug-resistant bacteria.     

Treatment of Nevoid Basal Cell Carcinoma Syndrome by Surgery Combined With ALA-PDT: A Case Report

Introduction:Nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by developmental malformations and carcinogenic activity.Multi...     

光动力治疗在食管肿瘤中的疗效及安全性分析

目的 观察光动力治疗在食管早癌及食管贲门恶性肿瘤中的疗效及安全性。方法 4例不符合ESD、手术、放疗指征、或不愿进行上述治疗的食管早癌及进展期食管贲门恶性肿瘤患者行内镜下光动力治疗,于治疗前及治疗后第2天,1周,1月,3月行内镜及并发症评估。结果 4例患者平均随访时间为3月, 2例进展期肿瘤患者肿瘤体积接近50%至少1个月,1例早癌患者在随访中病理检查保持阴性。所有患者术后无食管穿孔、出血、急性心包炎、肝肾功能损害发生。光敏反应和术后狭窄为主要并发症。结论 光动力治疗在食管早癌及食管贲门恶性肿瘤中疗效明确,不良反应少,可作为不适宜行ESD、手术或放疗人群的替代选择。     

Photodynamic therapy of melanoma with new,structurally similar,NIR-absorbing ruthenium (II) complexes promotes tumor growth control via distinct hallmarks of immunogenic cell death

Cancer therapies that generate T cell-based anti-cancer immune responses are critical for clinical success and are favored over traditional therapies. One way to elicit T cell immune responses and generate long-lasting anti-cancer immunity is through induction of immunogenic cell death (ICD), a form of regulated cell death that promotes antigenicity and adjuvanticity within dying cells. Therefore, research in the last decade has focused on developing cancer therapies which stimulate ICD. Herein, we report novel photodynamic therapy (PDT) compounds with immunomodulatory and ICD inducing properties. PDT is a clinically approved, minimally invasive anti-cancer treatment option and has been extensively investigated for its tumor-destroying properties, lower side effects, and immune activation capabilities. In this study, we explore two structurally related ruthenium compounds, ML19B01 and ML19B02, that can be activated with near infrared light to elicit superior cytotoxic properties. In addition to its direct cell killing abilities, we investigated the effect of our PSs on immunological pathways upon activation. PDT treatment with ML19B01 and ML19B02 induced differential expression of reactive oxygen species, proinflammatory response-mediating genes, and heat shock proteins. Dying melanoma cells induced by ML19B01-PDT and ML19B02-PDT contained ICD hallmarks such as calreticulin, ATP, and HMGB1, initiated activation of antigen presenting cells, and were efficiently phagocytosed by bone marrow-derived dendritic cells. Most importantly, despite the distinct profiles of ICD hallmark inducing capacities, vaccination with both PDT-induced dying cancer cells established anti-tumor immunity that protected mice against subsequent challenge with melanoma cells.