新型氟掺杂纳米氧化锆复合树脂填料的制备及其抗菌性能评价

目的 制备一种新型氟掺杂纳米氧化锆复合树脂填料,评价其对口腔变形链球菌的抗菌性能.方法 采用化学沉淀和高温煅烧的方法制备得到含氟量为10 mol％和20 mol％的氟掺杂纳米氧化锆粉体(F-ZrO2),并以不含氟纳米氧化锆粉体作为对照组,通过X射线衍射仪(XRD)和扫描电镜(SEM)对以上3组材料的晶相结构及表面形貌进行表征.通过琼脂扩散实验、最小抑菌/杀菌浓度测试和菌落计数实验对其抗菌性能进行定性定量研究.结果 不同氟掺杂量的纳米氧化锆粉体表面形貌基本不变,均为球状纳米粉体,粒径分布在15 nm～70 nm之间.氟的掺杂使四方相氧化锆峰值被抑制,单斜相氧化锆峰值逐渐变强.在琼脂扩散实验中,10％F-ZrO2和20％F-ZrO2样品片周围均出现明显抑菌环,测量抑菌环平均直径分别为13.46 mm和16.24 mm.菌落计数结果显示:20％F-ZrO2组、10％F-ZrO2组和0％F-ZrO2组的抑菌率依次为96.79％、82.99％和76.91％,各组间差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 该氟掺杂纳米氧化锆粉体具备优异的抗菌性能,可作为一种新型复合树脂填料以减少继发龋发生的可能性.     

不同全瓷材料和厚度的种植牙冠应力分布有限元分析

目的通过有限元方法比较不同全瓷材料和厚度在种植牙冠修复的应力分布情况,为临床冠部修复材料的选择和设计提供参考。方法建立下颌第一磨牙种植牙冠修复有限元模型,并进行6种冠厚度和4种不同冠修复材料,即树脂基陶瓷(Lava Ultimate和Vita Enamic)、二硅酸锂玻璃陶瓷(IPS e.max CAD)和氧化锆陶瓷(Cercon)进行组合。在下颌第一磨牙面加载600 N,使用有限元软件ANSYS 10.0分析应力分布。结果冠部应力分析显示,4 mm?Cercon组156.05 MPa最高,1 mm?Lava Ultimate组18.85 MPa最低。树脂水门汀应力分析显示,4 mm?Lava Ultimate组62.52 MPa最高,1 mm?IPS e.max CAD组16.74 MPa最低。使用成品基台时,Lava Ultimate组在冠修复体、树脂水门汀中的应力集中较相同冠厚度的个性化基台高。结论随着冠厚度增加,冠修复体和树脂水门汀中的最大主应力集中呈现上升趋势;树脂基陶瓷使用个性化基台更有利于减少应力集中。     

茯苓皮总多糖提取纯化工艺研究

目的研究并确立茯苓皮总多糖的最佳提取和纯化工艺。方法用超声波辅助法提取总多糖,用苯酚-硫酸法测其含量并作为指标,经过单因素实验和正交试验确立最佳提取工艺;用大孔树脂纯化总多糖,以多糖保留率,脱色率和蛋白去除率为指标,经过静态和动态实验,确立最佳纯化工艺。结果以料液比1∶25,温度45℃,超声功率100w,超声时间10min为最佳提取工艺;以AB-8型大孔吸附树脂,溶液pH 5,转速180r·min^-1,上样流速24mL·min^-1,径高比1∶15为最佳纯化工艺。在此条件下静态吸附实验蛋白去除率65.29%,脱色率79.08%,多糖保留率59.50%;动态吸附实验蛋白去除率48.98%,脱色率76.84%,多糖保留率74.58%。结论茯苓皮总多糖的提取纯化工艺稳定可靠,可为其进一步开发提供参考。     

Flexible Removable Partial Denture Prosthesis: A Survey of Dentists’ Attitudes and Knowledge in Greece and Croatia

Purpose

The aim of this study was to investigate through a questionnaire the knowledge, attitudes and possible differences in the use of flexible RPDPs among dentists in Greece and Croatia.

Material and Methods

A questionnaire of 16 questions was originally created in English, translated into Greek and Croatian language following a two way translation and tested for apprehension, precision, clarity and homogeneity by a number of native English speaking Greek and Croatian dentists. Following the necessary corrections, the questionnaires replicated in two online surveys and their addresses with an informed consent were sent by emails to nearly 4000 dentists in each country to participate. Collected data were analyzed by chi-square tests at a= .05 level of significance.

Results

378 dentists from Greece and 304 from Croatia participated in the study. 137(36.2%) dentists from Greece and 56(18.4%) from Croatia provided flexible RPDPs to their patients. Statistical analysis for all providers indicated no significant difference between genders (P>.05), significant differences between age groups (P<.01), years of practice (P<.05), specialization (P <.001), and instruction on flexible prostheses (P <.001). The analysis between the two countries showed differences for gender and age groups (P<.01) but no differences between experienced, specialized or instructed groups (P >.05).

Conclusion

The survey indicated differences between the two countries in the percentages of dentists using, selecting and providing RPDPs for their patients. Practitioners’ age, years in practice and instruction were associated with the provision of the prostheses, while comfort, esthetics and cost were the reasons for deciding to use the flexible RPDPs.

Conclusion

Although dentists are not educated in their schools about flexible RPDPs, almost a third of them offer this treatment to their patients. Long term success of these devices depends on clinical education, more experience and definitely more research.     

Comparative study of the shear bond strength of various veneering materials on grade II commercially pure titanium

PURPOSE

To compare the shear bond strength of various veneering materials to grade II commercially pure titanium (CP-Ti).

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Thirty specimens of CP-Ti disc with 9 mm diameter and 10 mm height were divided into three experimental groups. Each group was bonded to heat-polymerized acrylic resin (Lucitone 199), porcelain (Triceram), and indirect composite (Sinfony) with 7 mm diameter and 2 mm height. For the control group (n=10), Lucitone 199 were applied on type IV gold alloy castings. All samples were thermocycled for 5000 cycles in 5-55℃ water. The maximum shear bond strength (MPa) was measured with a Universal Testing Machine. After the shear bond strength test, the failure mode was assessed with an optic microscope and a scanning electron microscope. Statistical analysis was carried out with a Kruskal-Wallis Test and Mann-Whitney Test.

RESULTS

The mean shear bond strength and standard deviations for experimental groups were as follows: Ti-Lucitone 199 (12.11 ± 4.44 MPa); Ti-Triceram (11.09 ± 1.66 MPa); Ti-Sinfony (4.32 ± 0.64 MPa). All of these experimental groups showed lower shear bond strength than the control group (16.14 ± 1.89 MPa). However, there was no statistically significant difference between the Ti-Lucitone 199 group and the control group, and the Ti-Lucitone 199 group and the Ti-Triceram group. Most of the failure patterns in all experimental groups were adhesive failures.

CONCLUSION

The shear bond strength of veneering materials such as heat-polymerized acrylic resin, porcelain, and indirect composite to CP-Ti was compatible to that of heatpolymerized acrylic resin to cast gold alloy.     

Evaluation of the bond strength between aged composite cores and luting agent

PURPOSE

The aim of this study was to evaluate effect of different surface treatment methods on the bond strength between aged composite-resin core and luting agent.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Seventy-five resin composites and also seventy-five zirconia ceramic discs were prepared. 60 composite samples were exposed to thermal aging (10,000 cycles, 5 to 55℃) and different surface treatment. All specimens were separated into 5 groups (n=15): 1) Intact specimens 2) Thermal aging-air polishing 3) Thermal aging- Er:YAG laser irradiation 4) Thermal aging- acid etching 5) Thermal-aging. All specimens were bonded to the zirconia discs with resin cement and fixed to universal testing machine and bond strength testing loaded to failure with a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. The fractured surface was classified as adhesive failure, cohesive failure and adhesive-cohesive failure. The bond strength data was statistically compared by the Kruskal-Wallis method complemented by the Bonferroni correction Mann-Whitney U test. The probability level for statistical significance was set at α=.05.

RESULTS

Thermal aging and different surface treatment methods have significant effect on the bond strength between composite-resin cores and luting-agent (P<.05). The mean baseline bond strength values ranged between 7.07 ± 2.11 and 26.05 ± 6.53 N. The highest bond strength of 26.05 ± 6.53 N was obtained with Group 3. Group 5 showed the lowest value of bond strength.

CONCLUSION

Appropriate surface treatment method should be applied to aged composite resin cores or aged-composites restorations should be replaced for the optimal bond strength and the clinical success.     

Silicone Additive Manufactured Indices Performed from a Virtual Diagnostic Waxing for Direct Composite Diastema Closure Combined with Resin Infiltration Technique on White Spot Lesions: A Case Report

The present article describes the resin infiltration technique to address white spots lesions presented on anterior and premolar teeth of a young patient after orthodontic treatment and the digital workflow for planning a diastema closure on the maxillary anterior teeth using facial photographs, an intraoral scanner, a facially driven diagnostic waxing using a dental computer‐aided design (CAD) software, and 3‐piece additive manufactured (AM) clear silicone indices. The virtual design of the silicone indices was completed using an open‐source CAD software and included a flexible clear buccal piece, flexible clear lingual piece, and rigid clear custom tray. The unique 3‐piece index design allows a horizontal path of insertion, controlled uniform thickness of the indices, flexible and rigid material properties combination, accurate translation of the diagnostic waxing into the patient´s mouth, and digital storage of the designs.