东菱精纯克栓酶对荷瘤裸鼠全血Casson值的影响

为观察并了解东菱精纯克栓酶对荷瘤裸鼠全血Casson值的影响,采用锥板式粘度计对移植了胃癌和鼻咽癌的荷瘤裸鼠使用东菱精纯克栓酶前后的全血粘度进行检测,并采用线性回归的方法求出各组Casson粘度(CV)及Casson屈服值(CY)。结果显示,使用东菱精纯克栓酶后两组荷瘤裸鼠全血(CV)值皆明显下降(P＜0.01);(CY)值在胃癌组明显下降(P＜0.01),鼻咽癌组无明显变化(P＞0.05)。结果表明,使用东菱精纯克栓酶对荷瘤裸鼠的血液流变学参数有明显改善,提示有可能将其应用于临床预防肿瘤转移及扩散。     

磁性医院管理对基层托管二级民营医院护士离职率的影响

目的 探讨磁性医院管理在基层托管二级民营医院的实践效果.方法 将磁性医院管理应用于托管二级民营医院:培养护理管理者领导力、建立有效激励机制、构建支持性工作环境、打造磁性医院关爱文化等,增强临床护士凝聚力.比较实施前后护士职业价值观、离职意愿及离职率状况.结果 实施磁性医院管理实践后,临床护士职业价值观评分显著高于实施前,离职意愿评分显著低于实施前(均P＜0.05);离职率由2017年33.05％降至2020年6.19％ (P＜0.01).结论 磁性医院管理能引导临床护士建立正确的职业价值观,降低护士离职意愿及离职率.     

An opt-out model for kidney transplant referral: The time has come

Disparities that affect equity in access to kidney transplantation for patients with kidney failure have been well described. Many robust clinical trials have tested the effectiveness of interventions to reduce disparities and equilibrate access to kidney transplantation. Moreover, policy changes have been enacted to achieve the same aims. Despite these efforts, rates of kidney transplant waitlisting within the first year of end-stage kidney disease have remained unchanged over the past 2 decades, while incident rates of end-stage kidney disease have climbed. Because prior interventions have not durably increased transplant access, disruptive change is clearly needed. The Advancing American Kidney Health Executive Order sets bold goals to transform kidney care for patients and caregivers. In this spirit, we discuss an Opt-Out for Transplant Referral Model as a compelling solution to improve equity in access to kidney transplantation.     

Pretransplant solid organ malignancy and organ transplant candidacy: A consensus expert opinion statement

Patients undergoing evaluation for solid organ transplantation (SOT) often have a history of malignancy. Although the cancer has been treated in these patients, the benefits of transplantation need to be balanced against the risk of tumor recurrence, especially in the setting of immunosuppression. Prior guidelines of when to transplant patients with a prior treated malignancy do not take in to account current staging, disease biology, or advances in cancer treatments. To develop contemporary recommendations, the American Society of Transplantation held a consensus workshop to perform a comprehensive review of current literature regarding cancer therapies, cancer stage-specific prognosis, the kinetics of cancer recurrence, and the limited data on the effects of immunosuppression on cancer-specific outcomes. This document contains prognosis based on contemporary treatment and transplant recommendations for breast, colorectal, anal, urological, gynecological, and nonsmall cell lung cancers. This conference and consensus documents aim to provide recommendations to assist in the evaluation of patients for SOT given a history of a pretransplant malignancy.     

The use of third-party packed red blood cells during ex situ normothermic machine perfusion of organs for transplantation: Underappreciated complexities?

Ex situ normothermic machine perfusion (NMP) is being used increasingly in the assessment of higher risk deceased donor organs and to facilitate prolonged organ storage. Third-party packed red blood cells (pRBCs) are often used as an oxygen carrier in the perfusate of ex situ NMP. Despite the increasing interest in NMP, comparatively little attention has been paid to the appropriate selection of pRBCs. This includes the choice of ABO blood group and Rhesus D status, the need for special requirements for selected recipients, and the necessity for traceability of blood components. Flushing organs with cold preservation solution after NMP removes the overwhelming majority of third-party allogeneic pRBCs, but residual pRBCs within the organ may have biologically relevant effects following implantation as they enter the recipient's circulation. This review considers these issues, and suggests that national transplant and blood transfusion agencies work together to develop a co-ordinated approach within each country. This is especially important given the possibility of organ re-allocation between centers after ex situ NMP, and the ongoing development of organ perfusion hubs.