靶向结缔组织生长因子shRNA慢病毒表达载体的构建及病毒包装

目的构建靶向结缔组织生长因子（CTGF）的shRNA慢病毒载体并检测其介导的RNA干扰（RNAi）对人视网膜色素上皮细胞（ARPE-19）CTGF表达的影响,为进一步研究CTGF在增殖性玻璃体视网膜病变（PVR）中的功能奠定基础。方法设计并合成三对针对CTGF的siRNA,通过WesternBlot筛选有效靶点,合成有效靶点的Oligo DNA,退火形成双链DNA,与线性化的pGC-LV-GFP载体连接,通过PCR筛选阳性克隆并进行DNA测序鉴定;将重组CTGFshRNA的质粒与病毒包装的辅助质粒共转染295T细胞,将包装产生的慢病毒感染ARPE-19细胞,WesternBbt检测CTGF的表达。结果通过双酶切和基因测序证实靶向CT-GF的shRNA慢病毒载体构建成功,Western Blot证实经慢病毒感染后的ARPE-19细胞中的CTGF的蛋白水平明显减低。结论成功构建了靶向CTGF的shRNA慢病毒表达载体,体外感染ARPE-19细胞可有效降低CTGF蛋白的表达,为深人研究CTGF在PVR中的功能提供了有力的工具。     

Frequency of serological markers of rheumatoid arthritis in patients with IgA anti‐β2 glycoprotein I antibodies

AimTo determine the frequency of serological markers of RA in patients with anti‐β2 glycoprotein I antibodies (aβ2GPI) of IgA isotype.Material and MethodsA retrospective study was conducted on 67 patients with aβ2GPI‐IgA. Ninety healthy blood donors (HBD) were used as a control group. IgG anti‐cyclic citrullinated peptides antibodies (CCP‐Ab) and rheumatoid factors (RF) IgG, IgA, and IgM were detected by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).ResultsSeventeen patients and eight HBD had CCP‐Ab and/or RF (25.4% vs. 8.9%, p = 0.005, CI 95% [14.95; 35.79], odds ratio = 3.5). The frequency of CCP‐Ab was significantly higher in patients than in healthy subjects (14.9% vs. 3.3%, p = 0.009). IgA isotype of RF was significantly higher in patients than in controls (7.5% vs. 0%, p = 0.02). In male patients, CCP‐Ab and/or RF were more frequent than in healthy male subjects (37.5% vs. 11.8%, p = 0.02). In patients, no correlation was found between the levels of aβ2GPI‐IgA and CCP‐Ab (r = 0.082, p = 0.51). There was no correlation between the level aβ2GPI‐IgA and the level of the isotypes of RF (IgG, IgA, and IgM) in patients (r = 0.1, p = 0.37; r = 0.17, p = 0.17 and r = 0.07, p = 0.59 respectively).ConclusionFrequencies of CCP‐Ab and RF are high in patients with aβ2GPI‐IgA suggesting that these patients are susceptible to developing RA.     

糖类高渗化合物对TAT穿膜效率的影响

目的研究糖类高渗化合物葡萄糖、蔗糖或甘露醇预处理细胞对TAT穿膜效率的影响。方法人工合成荧光标记多肽TAT-FITC和无意义肽NCO-FITC,将其作用于体外培养的人宫颈癌细胞株Siha、小鼠成纤维细胞L929及人肝癌细胞株HepG2。荧光酶标仪定量检测不同预处理对各细胞摄取荧光标记短肽的影响及内吞抑制药阿米洛利对不同预处理后TAT穿膜的影响;荧光显微镜观察不同预处理后,TAT-FITC的穿膜效率及其在Siha细胞内的定位;MTT检测不同预处理对Siha细胞存活率的影响。结果糖类高渗化合物预处理细胞后,TAT-FITC可高效穿膜进入细胞内,且在胞浆、胞核中均匀分布,胞核浓度高于胞浆浓度;未见NCO-FITC穿膜进入细胞。0.6mol·L-1葡萄糖预处理后,细胞摄取TAT-FITC的荧光强度较0.6mol·L-1蔗糖预处理后相近且较对照组明显增强(P<0.01),0.5mol·L-1甘露醇预处理的荧光强度次之。加入阿米洛利后,糖类高渗化合物预处理的细胞摄取TAT-FITC荧光强度均明显减弱(P<0.01)。MTT数据显示适当浓度的糖类高渗化合物对细胞的活力有轻微影响。结论0.6mol·L-1葡萄糖或0.6mol.L-1蔗糖或0.5mol·L-1甘露醇预处理均可提高TAT对培养细胞的穿膜效率,但对细胞活力影响较小;预处理后细胞可能以内吞方式摄取TAT-FITC短肽。     

富含脯氨酸的抗菌肽研究进展

富含脯氨酸的抗菌肽是一族分离自动物的线性多肽 ,它们都具有抗菌活性 ,在天然免疫中具有重要的作用。这类抗菌肽按来源又分为两类 :来自哺乳动物的富含脯氨酸的抗菌肽和来自昆虫和其他脊椎动物的富含脯氨酸的抗菌肽。它们都富含脯氨酸 ,对革兰阴性菌起作用 ,其杀菌机制不同于大多抗菌肽的膜溶解作用。它们进入细菌胞质后 ,结合DnaK蛋白 ,抑制DnaK的生物功能 ,最终导致了细菌的死亡。这一作用机制对于药物的开发很有意义。除了抗菌作用外 ,富含脯氨酸的抗菌肽还具有其他重要的药理作用。对这方面作用研究比较多的是PR 39,它在诱导粘连蛋白聚糖在间充质细胞的表达 ,抑制嗜中性粒细胞NADPH氧化酶 ,抑制 1κBα和HIF 1α的降解等方面具有重要作用。这些发现表明PR 39在伤口修复、炎症、缺血再灌注损伤以及诱导血管生成等方面具有很好的应用前景。     

Cell-penetrating peptide-doxorubicin conjugate loaded NGR-modified nanobubbles for ultrasound triggered drug delivery

A new drug-targeting system for CD13⁺ tumors has been developed, based on ultrasound-sensitive nanobubbles (NBs) and cell-permeable peptides (CPPs). Here, the CPP-doxorubicin conjugate (CPP-DOX) was entrapped in the asparagine–glycine–arginine (NGR) peptide modified NB (CPP-DOX/NGR-NB) and the penetration of CPP-DOX was temporally masked; local ultrasound stimulation could trigger the CPP-DOX release from NB and activate its penetration. The CPP-DOX/NGR-NBs had particle sizes of about 200?nm and drug entrapment efficiency larger than 90%. In vitro release results showed that over 85% of the encapsulated DOX or CPP-DOX would release from NBs in the presence of ultrasound, while less than 1.5% of that (30?min) without ultrasound. Cell experiments showed the higher cellular CPP-DOX uptake of CPP-DOX/NGR-NB among the various NB formulations in Human fibrosarcoma cells (HT-1080, CD13⁺). The CPP-DOX/NGR-NB with ultrasound treatment exhibited an increased cytotoxic activity than the one without ultrasound. In nude mice xenograft of HT-1080 cells, CPP-DOX/NGR-NB with ultrasound showed a higher tumor inhibition effect (3.1% of T/C%, day 24), longer median survival time (50 days) and excellent body safety compared with the normal DOX injection group. These results indicate that the constructed vesicle would be a promising drug delivery system for specific cancer treatment.     

Comparison of thyrotropin-releasing hormone with melanocyte-stimulating-hormone-release-inhibiting factor as pentobarbital antagonists in monkeys

Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), 0.1 mg/kg, i.m., significantly counteracted pentobarbital narcosis in six monkeys, but melanocyte-stimulating-hormone-release-inhibiting factor (MIF), 0.1 mg/kg i.m., did not. Earlier dose-response studies in unanesthetized monkeys had shown that this dose of MIF stimulated motor activity; this dose of TRH had shown no stimulant effect, but a higher dose depressed activity. Thus, an MIF dose that stimulates unanesthetized monkeys does not reverse pentobarbital narcosis; a TRH dose that by itself is neither stimulant nor depressant does partially reverse pentobarbital narcosis.     

内源性硫化氢对高肺血流大鼠肺血管重构及血管活性物质的影响

目的探讨内源性硫化氢(hydrogen sulfide,H2S)对大鼠高肺血流性肺血管结构重建及血管活性肽的影响。方法♂SD大鼠32只随机分为分流组、分流+PPG(炔丙基甘氨酸,内源性H2S合成酶的抑制剂)组、对照组和对照+PPG组,每组8只。经腹主动脉-下腔静脉穿刺建立动物模型。分流4wk后,应用敏感硫电极法测定大鼠肺组织硫化氢(H2S)含量;应用放免试剂盒测定血浆中内皮素(ET-1)、心钠素(ANP)、降钙素基因相关肽(CGRP)及肾上腺髓质素(ADM)的含量;观察肺小血管的显微结构变化;结果分流4wk后,大鼠肺组织H2S水平升高,肺血管结构重建,血浆ET-1、ANP、CGRP及ADM升高。PPG干预后,肺组织H2S水平降低,肺血管结构重建加重,血浆ET-1、ANP、CGRP升高,而ADM降低。结论内源性H2S对高肺血流性肺血管结构重建具有重要的保护作用,并对多种血管活性肽具有调节作用。     

成骨生长肽羧基端片段衍生物对去卵巢大鼠骨密度和骨力学的影响

目的：探讨成骨生长肽羧基端片段衍生物G381、G38K对去卵巢大鼠骨转换生化指标、骨密度和骨力学性能的影响及各指标间相互关系。方法：将3个月龄SD雌性大鼠40只随机分为5组，设假手术组（S组）和双侧卵巢切除（OVX）模型组（M组）为阴性对照，其余3组行OVX后分别予G38I、G38K和阿仑膦酸钠（ALN）治疗。术后60d处死．测血钙、磷和碱性磷酸酶，测量腰椎体和股骨骨密度（BMD），骨灰重／干重比值和骨力学指标。结果：与S组比较，M组血钙、磷升高，骨灰重／干重比值降低，经G38I、G38K治疗后上述指标恢复至S组水平，并显著升高腰椎体BMD，提高股骨弹性应力和最大应力，而股骨和腰椎体弹性模量呈升高趋势。灰重／千重比值与BMD呈正相关，BMD和力学指标间无相关性。结论：G38I或G38K的治疗可一定程度上减轻去卵巢大鼠的骨丢失，改善骨力学性能，评价抗骨质疏松药物疗效应同时关注骨量和骨质量。     

细胞穿透肽YARA介导增强型绿色荧光蛋白转导入人结直肠癌细胞的实验研究

目的 构建原核表达载体pET15b-YARA EGFP,表达并纯化出融合蛋白YARA-EGFP,观察其穿透人结直肠癌细胞的情况.方法 用分子克隆技术构建出表达型载体pET15b-YARA-EGFP,在E.coli BL21(DE3)中表达融合蛋白YARA-EGFP,将鉴定和纯化后的融合蛋白加入体外培养的人结直肠癌细胞.结果 得到纯化的融合蛋白YARA-EGFP,能高效地转导入体外培养的人结直肠癌细胞,并表现出剂量和时间依赖性,MTT法检测在其高浓度时仍对细胞无毒性.结论 YARA-EGFP融合蛋白能高效地转导入体外培养的人结直肠癌细胞.     

胎盘多肽治疗慢性支气管炎220例

慢性支气管炎150例用胎盘多肽治疗,用量2mL(胎盘组织提取物3g)im,bid×10d,乃2mL,qd×20d,再2mL,qod×15d,加常规药物(青霉素80万U,链霉素0.5g, im, bid×45d,镇咳药);70例接受胎盘多肽,40例用常规药物。结果总有效率3组分别为84％,64％和55％,3组细胞免疫指标上升率分别为62％,50％,40％,提示胎盘多肽能改善其细胞免疫功能。