Late response to radiochemotherapy in pediatric glioblastoma: report on two patients treated according to HIT-GBM protocols

High-grade gliomas in children are rare and the best treatment is undetermined. The German language group study HIT-GBM compares various induction protocols for subsequent patient cohorts. Currently, cisplatinum, etoposide, ifosfamide, and vincristine are given simultaneously with extended-field radiotherapy. Imaging is done 3 weeks after to define treatment response, followed by 6-weekly controls during consolidation with lomustine, vincristine, and prednisone. The authors report on 2 patients with incompletely resected glioblastoma multiforme in which response was lacking 3 weeks after radiochemotherapy but became evident 12 weeks later. This suggests that later time points are required to assess induction protocol response.     

Safety of mTOR inhibitor continuation in pediatric heart transplant recipients undergoing surgical procedures

mTOR inhibitors have been associated with SWC when used in the perioperative period. Limited literature is available to guide providers in managing chronic mTOR inhibitor use in the perioperative period, especially in the pediatric setting. The primary aim of this study was to describe the prevalence of SWC with mTOR inhibitor continuation during the perioperative period for major surgeries. Heart transplant recipients ≤25 years old at the time of primary heart transplant receiving sirolimus maintenance therapy during a surgical procedure and within the study period were included. Surgeries identified within the study period included otolaryngology procedures (46.2%), such as tonsillectomies with or without adenoidectomies, cardiac surgeries (30.8%) including a sternal revision, pulmonary vein repair, and pacemaker placement in two patients, orthopedic surgeries (15.4%) including a posterior spinal fusion and an Achilles tendon lengthening with ankle and subtalar joint release, and a neurosurgery (7.7%), which was a ventriculoperitoneal shunt revision. Thirteen surgical encounters were examined. One SWC was observed, an infected pacemaker requiring systemic antibiotics and removal of the device. The results of this study suggest that sirolimus may be continued in the perioperative period based on the low rate of SWC observed.     

小儿危重病例评分联合D-二聚体和降钙素原检测对儿童感染病情的早期评判价值

目的 小儿危重病例评分(PCIS)联合D-二聚体(D-D)及降钙素原(PCT)检测用于儿童感染病情的早期评判的价值.方法 选取ICU收治的感染性疾病重症患儿86例,根据PCIS结果分为危重组患儿43例(评分70~80),极危重组患儿43例(评分低于70分),对2组患者入院后24 h内血清PCT、D-D及PCIS评分比较.采用Pearson相关系数分析PCIS与PCT及D-D之间关系,并对影响患儿死亡因素进行logistic回归分析,随访28 d预后,ROC曲线分析,PCIS、PCT及D-D对预测28 d患儿生存情况.结果 极危重组患儿血清PCT和D-D水平明显高于危重组患儿(P<0.05);血清PCT和D-D水平均与PCIS呈显著负相关(P<0.05);Logistic回归分析显示PCT、D-D、PCIS均为影响患儿死亡的独立危险因素;PCT、D-D和PCIS预测患儿28 d生存ROC曲线下面积为分别为0.875、0.872及0.863(P<0.01).结论 儿童感染危重患者的血清PCT和D-D是判断病情预后的重要指标,联合使用小儿危重病例评分对预后判断具有指导意义.     

品管圈活动对降低临床实践带教差评率的影响

目的：探讨品管圈活动对于临床实践中带教差评数的影响,全面提高教学质量。方法：成立品管圈,运用PDCA循环方法,确定＂降低临床实践中带教差评率＂为主题,逐步开展品管圈活动步骤,进行效果分析。结果：通过7个月有序的品管圈活动,使临床实践中带教差评率由改善前的68.9%降为改善后的28.7%。结论：品管圈活动对于降低临床实践中带教差评率效果显著。     

中医专业七年制学生临床科研能力培养的实践与思考

在中医专业七年制学生的临床教学中,坚持并深化教育教学改革,通过规范毕业论文管理、定期举办"研究生论坛"、设立"萌芽计划"科研基金、开设专题学术讲座、培养学生科技创新意识等措施,致力于培养学生的临床科研能力,取得了显著成效。     

Acute abdomen caused by torsion of the omentum: A pediatric case report

Rationale:Torsion of the omentum and infarction are rare and unusual disorders that often present as acute abdominal pain in the population. The diagnosis of omental torsion is based on clinical and imaging examinations.Patient concerns:A 7-year-old girl presented with acute right lower quadrant abdominal pain, with symptoms resembling acute appendicitis.Diagnosis:The patient was diagnosed with omental torsion based on imaging and laparoscopy.Interventions:Laparoscopic exploration was performed.Outcomes:The patient was discharged seven days after satisfactory postoperative recovery.Lessons:Omental torsion should be included in the differential diagnosis of acute abdominal pain, particularly in patients with free hemorrhagic fluid in the abdominal cavity and pelvis.     

Combination of C‐reactive protein,procalcitonin, IL‐6, IL‐8, and IL‐10 for early diagnosis of hyperinflammatory state and organ dysfunction in pediatric sepsis

BackgroundAlthough early diagnosis and management are critical for prognosis of pediatric sepsis, there are no specific diagnostic biomarkers for the hyperinflammatory state and organ dysfunction, important stages of sepsis.MethodsWe enrolled 129 children with infection into three groups: non‐sepsis infection (33), Sepsis 1.0 (hyperinflammatory state, 67), and Sepsis 3.0 (organ dysfunction, 29). Another 32 children with no infections were included as controls. Serum C‐reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), interleukin (IL)‐1β, IL‐2, IL‐4, IL‐5, IL‐6, IL‐8, IL‐10, IL‐12p70, IL‐17, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α, interferon (IFN)‐α, and IFN‐γ were assessed to diagnose the two stages, and their diagnostic capacities were evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. We also examined whether combining biomarkers improved diagnostic efficiency.ResultsSignificantly higher CRP, PCT, and IL‐6 levels were detected in the Sepsis 1.0 than the non‐sepsis infection group (p < 0.001). The areas under the curve (AUCs) for diagnosing Sepsis 1.0 were 0.974 (CRP), 0.913 (PCT) and 0.919 (IL‐6). A combination of any two biomarkers increased diagnostic sensitivity to ≥92.54% and specificity to 100.00%. Significantly higher PCT, IL‐8, and IL‐10 levels were found in the Sepsis 3.0 than the Sepsis 1.0 group (p ≤ 0.01), with AUCs for diagnosing Sepsis 3.0 0.807 (PCT), 0.711 (IL‐8), and 0.860 (IL‐10). Combining these three biomarkers increased diagnostic sensitivity to 96.55% and specificity to 94.03%.ConclusionIn pediatric sepsis, combining any two of CRP, PCT, and IL‐6 can accurately diagnose the hyperinflammatory state and increase diagnostic specificity. Early diagnosis of organ dysfunction requires a combination of PCT, IL‐8, and IL‐10.     

教学过程的规范化研究

通过教学过程规范化的研究和实施 ,将“全面质量管理”的理念引入教学管理工作中 ,明确岗位职责 ,量化考核工作实绩 ,使教师养成求真务实、精益求精的工作作风 ,克服工作中的随意性 ,减少失误 ,提高教学工作整体质量和效率 ,从而保障优秀人才的培养。     

经尿道前列腺模块化剜除术教学体会

探索建立一种适合经尿道前列腺微创剜除术的新手术模式和教学方法,以降低手术难度,缩短术者学习曲线。按照手术操作顺序、路径将前列腺剜除术拆分为A、B、C、D四个不同的模块,将此手术模式命名为“经尿道前列腺模块化剜除术”。该手术模式优化了操作过程的设计,将手术操作内容模块化、流程化,降低了操作的难度,简化了手术步骤,可有效缩短手术时间并方便初学者开展并掌握这一术式,有一定推广价值。