Daytona超广角眼底成像系统在屈光手术术前检查中的应用

目的：评价Daytona超广角眼底成像系统对屈光手术术前眼底病变的检查效果。

方法：连续检查拟接受屈光手术的患者312例624眼,分别在自然瞳孔下行Daytona超广角眼底成像系统检查和散瞳后裂隙灯下前置镜结合三面镜检查,比较两种方法检查用时和检出的病变类型和检出率。

结果：Daytona超广角眼底成像系统检查的平均时间5.38±1.25min,裂隙灯前置镜检查平均时间7.25±3.23min,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。Daytona检出有眼底病变的69例107眼,检出率17.1%,检出病变126处; 前置镜结合三面镜检出70例108眼,检出率17.3%,检出病变129处。两种方法检出率的一致性差异无统计学意义(P=1.000)。

结论：Daytona具有免散瞳、非接触、检查快捷、超广角等优点,用于眼底病变的检查,效果可靠,可以提升诊疗效率。     

有晶状体眼后房型人工晶状体植入与FS-LASIK术后视觉质量分析

目的：比较有晶状体眼后房型人工晶状体(ICL)植入与FS-LASIK术治疗中高度近视术后的视觉质量。

方法：前瞻性研究。选取2018-06/12分别行ICL植入术和FS-LASIK术的近视患者58例116眼(ICL组)和48例96眼(FS-LASIK组)。分析比较两组患者手术前后屈光度、视力和视觉质量情况。

结果：术后3mo,ICL组患者球镜度数高于FS-LASIK组(0.19±0.22D vs 0.09±0.29D,P<0.05),但两组患者视力、柱镜度数和等效球镜度数无差异(均P>0.05); ICL组患者调制传递函数截止频率(MTF cut off)、客观散射指数(OSI)和OV9%均明显优于FS-LASIK组,而SR较FS-LASIK组降低,且与术前相比,ICL组患者MTF cut off明显增高,SR、OSI值降低,FS-LASIK组患者SR值降低(均P<0.05)。

结论：ICL植入和FS-LASIK术均可有效改善患者视力和屈光度,对于中高度近视患者ICL植入术可提供相对较好的视觉质量。     

三种角膜屈光手术对近视患者角膜内皮细胞的影响

目的：对比角膜板层刀制瓣的前弹力层下准分子激光角膜磨镶术(SBK)、飞秒激光制瓣的SBK术(FS-SBK)与飞秒激光小切口角膜基质透镜取出术(SMILE)对近视中央角膜内皮细胞的短期及长期影响。

方法：我院近视34例34眼行SBK术; 41例41眼行FS-SBK术; 49例49眼行SMILE术,术前和术后1wk,1a利用SP-1P型非接触角膜内皮显微镜检查角膜内皮细胞,统计分析各组中央角膜内皮细胞密度(ECD)、内皮细胞面积的变异系数(CV)和六边形内皮细胞百分比。

结果：三组间术前、术后1wk,1a裸眼视力及屈光度均无差异(P>0.05)。术后1wk三组中央ECD均较术前减少(P<0.01),术后1a各组均较术前无差异(P>0.05); 术前及术后各随访时间点,三组间中央角膜内皮细胞面积CV及六边形内皮细胞百分比均无差异(P>0.05); 不同组内,术前及术后各随访时间点结果均无差异(P>0.05)。

结论：SBK、FS-SBK和SMILE手术对近视内皮细胞的安全性确切,术后早期各组中央角膜ECD均轻度降低,1a后恢复; 术后各组中央角膜内皮细胞面积CV及六边形内皮细胞百分比较术前无明显改变。     

有晶状体眼后房型人工晶状体植入术对高度近视的疗效

目的：通过双通道客观视觉质量分析系统Ⅱ(OQAS Ⅱ)评价有晶状体眼后房型人工晶状体(ICL)植入术对高度近视的临床疗效。

方法：选取2017-12/2018-12安徽医科大学第一附属医院收治的高度近视患者26例52眼,所有患者均行ICL植入术。随访获取所有患者术前BCVA以及术前和术后1wk,1、3mo的UCVA、客观散射指数(OSI)、调制传递函数(MTF)、斯特列尔比(SR)和100%、20%及9%的模拟对比度视力(Predicted VA)等一系列参数。

结果：与术前BCVA相比,术后1wk,1、3mo UCVA情况均优于术前且日渐改善(P<0.01)。与术前OSI、MTF、SR和Predicted VA 100%、20%及9%相比,术后1wk,1、3mo情况均好转(P<0.01)。

结论：ICL植入术能够有效地矫正高度近视,提高裸眼视力。通过OQAS Ⅱ分析,ICL植入术后OSI比术前减小,术后的MTF、SR和Predicted VA 100%、20%及9%比术前均有提高,高度近视患者视觉质量得到良好的改善。     

儿童青少年近视普查信息化管理专家共识（2019）

为了保障儿童青少年近视普查工作的规范化、科学化开展,引导各地近视普查工作有序进行,专家组已经制定出查的基本内容和规范流程,并对用到的检测和数据采集设备及设置的标准化达成共识。信息化是客观精准获取近视本底数据的重要保障,也是数据安全存储和快速传递的有效路径,同时又是国家政府层面的大数据分析的前提和基础,故近视普查的规范化流程需要实现信息化管理。因此我们组织专家组,经过大量调查研究和临床实践,形成《儿童青少年近视普查信息化管理专家共识（2019）》,旨在为近视普查工作的信息化管理提供指导性意见。内容包括：信息化管理实现的功能、数据表的结构化设计、信息系统的架构和模块、信息化应用规范和指南、统计分析等。详述如下。     

Effects of the long wavelength-filtered continuous spectrum on natural refractive development in juvenile guinea pigs

AIM: To investigate the effects of spectral composition and light intensity on natural refractive development in guinea pigs. METHODS: A total of 124 pigmented guinea pigs (2-week-old) were randomly assigned to three groups at high (Hi; 4000 lx), medium (Me; 400 lx) and low (Lo; 50 lx) light intensities under a 12:12 light/dark cycle for 6wk. Each group was subdivided into subgroups with the following spectra: broad spectrum Solux halogen light (BS), 600 nm above-filtered continuous spectrum (600F), 530 nm above-filtered continuous spectrum (530F), and 480 nm above-filtered continuous spectrum (480F; HiBS: n=10, Hi600F: n=10, Hi530F: n=10, Hi480F: n=10, MeBS: n=10, Me600F: n=10, Me530F: n=10, Me480F: n=10, LoBS: n=11, Lo600F: n=12, Lo530F: n=10, Lo480F: n=11). Refractive error, corneal curvature radius, and axial dimensions were determined by cycloplegic retinoscopy, photokeratometry, and A-scan ultrasonography before and after 2, 4, and 6wk of treatment. Average changes from both eyes in the ocular parameters and refractive error were compared among different subgroups. RESULTS: After 6wk of exposure, high-intensity lighting enhanced hyperopic shift; medium- and low-intensity lighting enhanced myopic shift (P<0.05). Under the same spectrum, axial increase was larger in the low light intensity group than in the medium and high light intensity groups (HiBS: 0.65±0.02 mm, MeBS: 0.67±0.01 mm, LoBS: 0.82±0.02 mm; Hi600F: 0.64±0.02 mm, Me600F: 0.67±0.01 mm, Lo600F: 0.81±0.01 mm; Hi530F: 0.64±0.02 mm, Me530F: 0.67±0.01 mm, Lo530F: 0.73±0.02 mm; Hi480F: 0.64±0.01 mm, Me480F: 0.66±0.01 mm, Lo480F: 0.72±0.02 mm; P<0.05). Under 400 lx, there was a faster axial increase in the MeBS group than in the Me480F group (P<0.05). Under 50 lx, axial length changes were significantly larger in LoBS and Lo600F than in Lo530F and Lo480F (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Under high-intensity lighting, high light intensity rather than spectrum distributions that inhibits axial increase. Under medium- and low-intensity lighting, filtering out the long wavelength inhibits axial growth in juvenile guinea pigs.     

Role of microfluctuations in accommodation: a novel approach to reduce non-accommodative noise

Accommodative response and its possible role in myopia development has been explored through the study of the microfluctuations (MFs) of accommodation, which are commonly divided in high (1.0 to 2.3 Hz) and low (0.1 to 0.6 Hz) frequency components. Previous research efforts have evidenced that a certain percentage of the amplitude of MFs seems not to originate in the accommodative response. We aimed to develop and test a new approach to reduce this non-accommodative noise. For this purpose, ten healthy participants were enrolled to determine the difference between the amplitude of MFs at near and distance for each range of frequencies, which was defined as the relative amplitude of MFs. The findings support the exploration of the relative rather than absolute values of the amplitude of MFs to better understand the contribution of both accommodative and non-accommodative factors to MFs.     

Evaluation of spectral domain optical coherence tomography parameters in discriminating preperimetric glaucoma from high myopia

AIM: To evaluate the diagnostic ability of macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GCIPL) thickness obtained by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) in discriminating non-highly myopic eyes with preperimetric glaucoma (PPG) from highly myopic healthy eyes. METHODS: A total of 254 eyes, including 76 normal controls (NC), 116 eyes with high myopia (HM) and 62 non-highly myopic eyes with PPG were enrolled. The diagnostic ability of OCT parameters was accessed by the areas under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curve in two distinguishing groups: PPG eyes with non-glaucomatous eyes including NC and HM (Group 1), and PPG eyes with HM eyes (Group 2). Differences in diagnostic performance between GCIPL and RNFL parameters were evaluated. RESULTS: The minimum (AUROC curve of 0.782), inferotemporal (0.758) and inferior (0.705) GCIPL thickness were the top three GCIPL parameters in discriminating PPG from non-glaucomatous eyes, all of which had statistically significant lower diagnostic ability than average RNFL thickness (0.847). In discriminating PPG from HM, the best GCIPL parameter was minimum (0.689), statistically significant lower in diagnostic ability than average RNFL thickness (0.789) and three other RNFL thickness parameters of temporal and inferotemporal clock-hour sectors. CONCLUSION: The minimum GCIPL thickness is the best GCIPL parameter to detect non-highly myopic PPG from highly myopic eyes, whose diagnostic ability is inferior to that of average RNFL thickness and RNFL thickness of several temporal and inferotemporal clock-hour sectors. The average RNFL thickness is recommended for discriminating PPG from highly myopic healthy eyes in current clinical practice in a Chinese population.     

有晶状体眼后房型人工晶状体植入术矫正高度近视眼术后视觉质量的临床研究

目的评价有晶状体眼后房型人工晶状体(ICL)植入术矫正高度近视及散光患者术后的视觉质量。 方法收集2017年1至12月在湖南省人民医院眼科接受ICL植入术治疗的近视眼和散光患者32例(49只眼)。其中,男性11例(18只眼),女性21例(31只眼),年龄21~42岁,平均(26.38±7.39)岁。术前屈光度球镜-6.00~-11.00 D,柱镜-2.50~0 D,等效球镜(-9.39±1.80)D。全部行ICL植入术。记录患者术前、术后1周、术后1个月、术后3个月以及术后6个月的裸眼视力、最佳矫正视力、等效屈光度、客观眼内散射指数(OSI)及调制传递函数截止频率(MTF cut off)。以患者术后裸眼视力和屈光度作为分类变量,采用例数和百分比描述。采用卡方检验进行比较。患者的OSI值和MTF cut off值采用均数±标准差表示。术前和术后各时间点的比较,采用单因素重复测量方差分析。当差异有统计学意义时,进一步采用最小显著差异t检验进行两两比较。 结果49只眼中术后6个月裸眼视力≥1.0者47只眼,占95.92%;≥1.2者33只眼,占66.35%。其中,超过术前最佳矫正视力1行以上者42只眼,占85.71%,无最佳矫正视力下降的病例。术后6个月,等效屈光度为(0.30±0.20)D。OSI值在术前、术后1周、术后1个月、术后3个月以及术后6个月分别为(1.16±0.77)、(1.04±0.60)、(0.99±0.60)、(0.86±0.38)和(0.85±0.37)。经单因素重复测量方差分析,各时间点的比较,差异有统计学意义(F＝2.78,P<0.05)。进一步两两比较,术后各时间点OSI值均低于术前,但术后1周及术后1个月的OSI值与术前OSI值的比较,差异无统计学意义(t＝1.36,0.95;P>0.05),而术后3个月及术后6个月的OSI值与术前OSI值的比较,差异有统计学意义(t＝5.79,6.05;P<0.05)。术后各随访阶段的OSI值两两比较,差异无统计学意义(F＝0.66,P>0.05)。MTF cut off值在术前、术后1周、术后1个月、术后3个月以及术后6个月分别为(34.04±9.71)、(35.88±9.02)、(37.15±9.89)、(37.11±6.61)和(37.08±3.31),经单因素重复测量方差分析,各时间点比较,差异有统计学意义(F＝2.14,P<0.05)。术后各时间点的MTF cut off值均高于术前,但术后1周的MTF cut off值与术前MTF cut off值比较,差异无统计学意义(t＝0.13,P>0.05),而术后1个月、术后3个月以及术后6个月的MTF cut off值与术前MTF cut off值比较,差异有统计学意义(t＝26.36,23.85,17.88;P<0.05)。术后1个月MTF cut off值较术后1周MTF cut off值有明显提高,但比较差异无统计学意义(t＝0.66,P>0.05)。术后1个月、术后3个月以及术后6个月的MTF cut off值两两比较,差异无统计学意义(F＝0,P>0.05)。 结论有晶状体眼后房型人工晶状体植入术矫正高度近视眼及散光具有良好的安全性和有效性,且术后视觉质量较术前有明显改善,术后1个月视觉质量达到稳定状态。     

后巩膜收缩术治疗病理性近视黄斑劈裂

目的：评估后巩膜收缩术对病理性近视黄斑劈裂的治疗效果。方法：回顾性研究。选取2014年12月 至2017年04月在南京市第一医院眼科行后巩膜收缩术的病理性近视黄斑劈裂患者24例（45眼）,观察手术前后患者的最佳矫正视力、眼轴长度、屈光度、黄斑区视网膜劈裂高度的状况与手术并发症。对相关计量资料进行重复测量方差分析。结果：患者术前,术后1个月、3个月、6个月及12个月的黄斑区视网膜劈裂高度分别为（494±31）、（299±24）、（256±24）、（200±22）、（168±25）μm,术后各时间点与术前比较差异有统计学意义（均P<0.05）。患者术后1、3、6个月眼轴长度分别为（28.6±2.1）、（28.9±2.0）、（29.3±2.0）mm,与术前[（30.5±2.2）mm]相比差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）,术后12个月眼轴（29.8±2.1）mm,与术前相比差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。患者术后1个月、3个月的屈光度分别为（-15.14±5.16）D、（-15.64±5.05）D,与术前[（-17.33±7.43）D]相比差异有统计学意义（P=0.013、0.048）,术后6、12个月的屈光度分别为（-15.96±4.97）D、（-17.05±5.10）D,与术前相比差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。患者最佳矫正视力差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论：针对病理性近视黄斑劈裂伴或不伴视网膜脱离的治疗,后巩膜收缩术的安全性和可行性较好。