Characterization of Listeria monocytogenes isolated from Ganges water,human clinical and milk samples at Varanasi,India

Listeria monocytogenes isolated from Ganges water, human clinical and milk samples were characterized by antibiotic susceptibility, serotype identification, detection of virulence genes and ERIC- and REP-PCR fingerprint analyses. All isolates were uniformly resistant to ampicillin, except two isolates, and showed variable resistance to gentamicin, cotrimoxazole, ofloxacin, rifampicin and tetracycline. Of the 20 isolates found positive for pathogens, seven (four human and three water isolates) belong to serogroups 4b, 4d and 4e; six (one human and five water isolates) belong to serogroups 1/2c and 3c; four milk isolates belong to serogroups 1/2b and 3b; and three milk isolates belong to serogroups 1/2a and 3a. Two water isolates, all human isolates, except one (Pb1) lacking inlJ gene, and three milk isolates possess inlA, inlC, plcA, prfA, actA, hlyA and iap genes. The remaining water and milk isolates showed variable presence of inlJ, plcA, prfA, and iap genes. ERIC- and REP-PCR based analyses collectively indicated that isolates of human clinical samples belong to identical or similar clone and isolates of water and milk samples belong to different clones. Overall study demonstrates the prevalence of pathogenic L. monocytogenes species in the environmental and clinical samples. Most of the isolates were resistant to commonly used antibiotics.     

Joint analysis of individual participants’ data from 17 studies on the association of the IL6 variant -174G>C with circulating glucose levels,interleukin-6 levels,and body mass index

Background. Several studies have investigated associations between the -174G>C single nucleotide polymorphism (rs1800795) of the IL6 gene and phenotypes related to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) but presented inconsistent results.

Aims. This joint analysis aimed to clarify whether IL6 -174G>C was associated with glucose and circulating interleukin-6 concentrations as well as body mass index (BMI).

Methods. Individual-level data from all studies of the IL6-T2DM consortium on Caucasian subjects with available BMI were collected. As study-specific estimates did not show heterogeneity (P>0.1), they were combined by using the inverse-variance fixed-effect model.

Results. The main analysis included 9440, 7398, 24,117, or 5659 non-diabetic and manifest T2DM subjects for fasting glucose, 2-hour glucose, BMI, or circulating interleukin-6 levels, respectively. IL6 -174 C-allele carriers had significantly lower fasting glucose (?0.091 mmol/L, P=0.014). There was no evidence for association between IL6 -174G>C and BMI or interleukin-6 levels, except in some subgroups.

Conclusions. Our data suggest that C-allele carriers of the IL6 -174G>C polymorphism have lower fasting glucose levels on average, which substantiates previous findings of decreased T2DM risk of these subjects.     

Adenoviral gene therapy of gastrointestinal tumour metastases in the liver

Summary

Gastrointestinal cancers are the second most common cause of cancer death. Once metastasised, 5 year survival is < 5% in gastrointestinal cancer. Because the liver is the preferred site for distant organ metastasis of colon cancer, treatment of hepatic metastases remains a challenge for experimental cancer therapy approaches. Gene therapy provides tools to combat cancer on a molecular level. In contrast to conventional chemotherapy, vectors are used to insert DNA into tumour cells, neighbouring parenchymal cells, or cells involved in the cellular immune defense. The shuttle vectors are of nonviral or viral origin. Adenoviral vectors have been developed for high efficiency in vivo gene transfer and expression. The incorporation of foreign DNA can result in direct tumour cell killing, using suicide genes. Cytokine genes, or genes encoding for tumour-specific antigens recognised by the cellular host immune system, can result in anti-tumoral immune stimulation. Experimental suicide-gene expression in hepatic metastasis of gastrointestinal tumours, utilising thymidine kinase and cytosine deaminase, results in significant tumour necrosis and regression. Intratumoral interleukin-2 and interleukin-12 gene expression can induce a systemic cellular antitumoral immune response, with long-term survival demonstrating the potential of this new therapeutic approach in cancer therapy.     

原发性肝细胞癌患者血清抗p53抗体的检测及意义探讨

目的 研究抗p53抗体检测以及与甲胎蛋白(AFP)联合检测对原发性肝细胞癌(HCC)诊断的效能。 方法 分别采用ELISA法与电化学发光法检测50例HCC、50例肝脏良性病变(LBL)、50例健康对照(HC)患者的血清抗p53抗体与AFP。 结果 HCC组血清抗p53抗体的水平和阳性率均明显高于LBL组(P<0.05)和HC组(P<0.01)。抗p53抗体对HCC的敏感性为36.0%,特异性为91.0%,ROC曲线下面积(AUC)为0.630(95% CI 0.547～0.707); AFP对HCC的敏感性为54.0%,特异性为83.0%,AUC为0.685(95%CI 0.604～0.758); 抗p53抗体与AFP联合检测可将对HCC敏感性提高至76.0%(特异性80.0%),AUC提高至0.770(95% CI 0.694～0.835)。 结论 抗p53抗体对HCC具有理想诊断价值; 抗p53抗体与AFP联合检测有助于提高对HCC的诊断效能(在保证特异性的前提下,提高敏感性)。     

血浆K-ras突变联合CA19-9检测对胰腺癌的诊断价值

目的: 探讨血浆K-ras基因突变联合CA19-9检测对胰腺癌的诊断价值.方法: 对连续58例疑为胰腺肿瘤患者,入院时抽取外周静脉血,分离血浆并提取DNA.采用突变富集PCR-RFLP法分析K-ras基因密码子12突变,用放射免疫法测定血清CA19-9.所有病例的血标本分析均在术前完成,并将检测结果与手术探查、病理诊断进行比较.结果: 41例胰腺癌患者中,血浆K-ras基因突变者29例(占70.7%),血清CA19-9升高者30例(占73.2%).联合K-ras与CA19-9检测胰腺癌的敏感性为90.2%(37/41).在其他17例非胰腺癌患者中,有3例血浆K-ras突变,8例血清CA19-9有升高.结论: 血浆K-ras突变可能是诊断胰腺癌的一个有价值的指标,若同时测定血清CA19-9,可提高检测胰腺癌的敏感性.     

大肠癌中DCC基因与蛋白激酶C的表达与预后

目的 探讨大肠癌组织中 DCC（Deleted in Colorectal Carcinoma）基因和蛋白激酶 C（Protein Ki-nase C）的表达与预后的关系。方法 采用免疫组化 En VisionTM法,对91例大肠癌组织中的DCC蛋白及PKC表达状态进行检测,并对其结果与各临床病理因素和生存期的关系进行相关的统计分析。结果 91例大肠癌中DCC阴性率为43.9％,PKC阴性率为51.6％,两者的表达水平呈正相关（相关系数r=0.041,P=0.005）。其中DCC的表达与肿瘤分化程度、术后有无脏器的转移、5年生存率有统计学相关性（P<0.05）;而PKC的表达仅与肿瘤组织分化程度有统计学相关性（P=0.019）。利用Cox回归模型进行单因素和多因素分析,发现只有分期与DCC表达水平可做为大肠癌独立的预后因素。结论　DCC基因的表达缺失可以作为判断大肠癌转移潜能及预后的独立指标。     

异种移植组织相容性及免疫动态变化测试模型

目的　综述异种移植物抗宿主反应 (GVHD)动物模型的研究现状、检测方法及进展情况。方法　采用文献回顾与综合分析方法。结果　免疫活性细胞植入异种受者体内后 ,有发生排斥 (HVGD)、移植物抗宿主反应(GVHD)和微嵌合的可能 ,异种 GVHD已在小动物和大动物体内成功诱导 ,并可通过多种途径进行检测。结论　异种GVHD大动物模型 ,主导因素是嵌合细胞 ,利用该模型可真实模拟异种移植免疫细胞动态变化过程     

抑癌基因ING1mRNA在大肠癌中的表达、突变分析及其意义

目的 探讨人大肠癌组织中ING1基因表达及突变水平与大肠癌临床病理特征的关系。方法 选择人大肠癌组织标本及正常对照52例，应用逆转录PCR法检测ING1mRNA的表达，用DNA单链多态性分析法检测基因突变情况；同时应用免疫组化方法检测大肠癌中p53蛋白的表达情况。结果 ING1mRNA在大肠癌中的表达较正常组织明显减弱，其低表达与肿瘤的Dukes分期及淋巴结转移显著相关（P≤0.01),ING1mRNA的表达水平与p53蛋白表达呈显著正相关（P≤0.01),ING1基因在大肠癌中的突变率极低。结论 ING1可能通过降低表达而不是通过突变在大肠癌发生发展中起重要调节作用。     

重组腺相关病毒介导抑癌基因联合诱导人肝癌细胞系凋亡与生长抑制研究

目的 观察腺相关病毒介导的抑癌基因p53,p16和p21联合治疗肝癌的可能性和效果。方法 用携带人野生型p53,p16和p21的腺相关病毒分别或联合转导人肝癌细胞系HLE，HepG2,QGY-7701,QGY-7703,BEL-7402,SMMC-7721，通过体外及裸鼠体内实验研究转基因的表达及对癌的促凋亡和生长抑制作用。结果 腺相关病毒介导的p53,p16及p21对人肝细胞肝癌细胞系均有明显的促凋亡作用，体外凋亡率约30％左右，体内生长抑制率30％－44％；联合感染肝癌细胞效果更明显，体外凋亡率达56％，体内癌生长抑制率65％。结论 腺相关病毒介导的外源抑癌基因p53，p16和p21不仅对多种肝癌细胞系均有诱导凋亡和抑制生长作用，联合应用治疗肝癌更具有明显的相互协同作用。进一步提高病毒滴度和纯度是腺相关病毒作为载体进行基因治疗的目标。     

伊马替尼治疗慢性移植物抗宿主病2例临床分析

目的探讨伊马替尼治疗异基因造血干细胞移植(allo-HSCT)后慢性移植物抗宿主病(GVHD)伴嗜酸性粒细胞增多的疗效及嗜酸性粒细胞增多与慢性GVHD的关系。方法回顾性分析2例白血病患者allo-HSCT术后慢性GVHD的诊治经过并结合文献复习讨论。结果 2例患者分别于移植后5个月和76d出现口腔溃疡、皮肤瘙痒、皮疹、胆红素水平增高和转氨酶水平增高,伴有嗜酸性粒细胞增多,诊断为局限型慢性GVHD,激素治疗不佳,加用伊马替尼后症状缓解,嗜酸性粒细胞数降至正常,无不良反应。结论伊马替尼治疗慢性移植物抗宿主病安全、有效,嗜酸性粒细胞增多可能与GVHD有一定的关系。