手法处理头位难产在少数民族偏远地区的意义

目的 探讨经阴道徒手旋转胎头处理头位难产的临床应用价值.方法 回顾性分析经阴道徒手旋转胎头处理头位难产的病例,分析其异常头先露、先露高低、宫口扩张及胎儿体重与徒手旋转胎头处理后分娩情况.结果 头位难产1356例,占分娩总数的20.56%.对其中1030例孕妇进行了经阴道徒手旋转纠正头先露异常,顺产842例,成功率81.75%;剖宫产141例(13.69%),阴道助产47例(4.56%),失败188例,失败率18.52%.持续性枕后位与枕横位徒手旋转胎头成功率明显高于前不均倾位及高直位(P<0.01);先露S+1以下徒手旋转胎头成功率明显高于S+1以上者(P<0.01);宫口开大4cm以上徒手旋转胎头成功率明显高于宫口开大4cm以下者(P<0.01);胎儿体重3750g以下时,徒手旋转胎头成功率明显高于胎儿体重3750g以上者(P<0.01).结论 重视头盆评分及产程观察,适时经阴道徒手旋转异常头先露,能有效提高头位难产的阴道分娩率,降低剖宫产率,对少数民族偏远地区有重要意义.     

妊娠高血压综合征患者剖宫产术36例临床分析

目的分析剖宫产结束妊娠在妊高征产妇中的应用价值和注意事项。方法回顾性分析2007年1月至2011年1月我院采用剖宫产结束妊娠的妊高征患者的临床资料,并以同期顺产的74例妊高征患者为对照组,比较两组妇及新生儿状况。结果观察组患者住院时间、分娩前后生命体征变化无统计学意义,但是观察组产后出血发生率低于对照组,观察组新生儿Apgar评分高于对照组,组间差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论采用剖宫产适时结束妊娠可有效降低产妇产后并发证的发生率,提高新生儿Apgar评分,应进一步扩大样本含量进行研究,以指导临床应用。     

导乐陪伴分娩在初产妇分娩中的护理效果分析

目的分析导乐陪伴分娩在初产妇分娩中的护理效果。方法研究时间段:2019年5—12月;研究对象:医院接诊的76例初产妇,根据入院时间的不同进行分组,研究组、对照组各38例,研究组产妇给予导乐陪伴分娩,对照组产妇给予常规护理分娩,干预后评价临床干预效果、自然分娩率、剖宫产率、疼痛程度及产妇心理状况。结果总产程时长[研究组(258.97±168.00)min<对照组(336.78±152.93)min](P<0.05);疼痛程度:干预后[研究组(4.79±0.89)分<对照组(6.31±1.37)分](P<0.05);护理后心理状况:SAS[研究组(20.13±2.74)分<对照组(24.01±4.03)分]、SDS[研究组(20.32±2.53)分<对照组(23.69±5.04)分](P<0.05)。此外,研究组产后出血量和自然分娩率均低于对照组,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论导乐陪伴分娩对初产妇具有显著的临床干预效果,既能提高自然分娩率,降低剖宫产率,又能缩短产妇产程,减少产后出血量,同时还能有效缓解产妇疼痛,改善产妇心理状况。     

Planificación y manejo anestésico para cesárea en gestante con neumonía por SARS-CoV-2

Pregnant women experience physiological and immunological changes which make them more prone to all kind of viral and bacterial infections, this is because they have been considered as vulnerable group if infected by SARS-CoV-2. They could even deploy a severe form of this disease which may require to end pregnancy to improve oxygenation and to safeguard foetal wellbeing the in case the mother situation gets worse. In this scenario, any intervention would require a detailed planning by the whole surgical team, and, specifically, by the anaesthesiologists, in order to guarantee both mother and child wellbeing and to prevent from infections all the healthcare team. We describe the case of 37 week pregnant woman, admitted in our Critical Care Unit with respiratory high flows device support, due to severe respiratory failure due to COVID-19 which needed an urgent caesarean section.     

剖宫产合并子宫肌瘤切除术40例临床分析

目的探讨剖宫产时行子宫肌瘤切除术的安全性及可行性。方法 40例妊娠合并子宫肌瘤患者(治疗组)行剖宫产合并子宫肌瘤切除术;对42例妊娠无子宫肌瘤患者(对照组)行剖宫产术。比较2组手术时间及术中出血情况。结果治疗组手术时间为(59.12±6.29)min长于对照组的(31.24±5.21)min,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);2组术中出血量比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论对于经验丰富的医师,恰当把握适应证,对于妊娠合并子宫肌瘤患者在剖宫产术时行子宫肌瘤切除术是安全可行的。     

分娩方式选择的影响因素分析与护理对策

妊娠分娩是人类历史延绵的生理过程,分娩方式的选择及分娩因素的控制对人类的优生优育具有决定性作用,影响人类社会的发展方向。分娩受到产道、产力、胎儿及产妇心理因素等多方面因素的影响,加强对分娩影响因素的研究有助于使各方面因素协调统一,共同促进产妇分娩。本文旨在分析影响孕妇分娩方式的选择因素,并提出阴道分娩及剖宫产围产期的护理方法。     

The Quick Mild Cognitive Impairment screen correlated with the Standardized Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale–cognitive section in clinical trials

ObjectivesThe Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale–cognitive section and its standardized version (SADAS-cog) are the current standard for assessing cognitive outcomes in clinical trials of dementia. This study compares a shorter cognitive instrument, the Quick Mild Cognitive Impairment (Qmci) screen, with the SADAS-cog as outcome measures in clinical trials.Study Design and SettingThe SADAS-cog, Qmci, Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) scale, and the Lawton–Brady activities of daily living (ADL) scale were assessed at multiple time points, over 1 year in a multicenter randomized clinical trial of 406 patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer's dementia. Correlations were estimated using regression at each time point, all time points, and mean values across time. Responsiveness was assessed using the standardized response mean (SRM).ResultsRegression for pooled time points showed strong and significant correlation between the SADAS-cog and Qmci (r = −0.75, P < 0.001). Correlations remained strong for mean values across time and at each time point. The SADAS-cog and Qmci also correlated with CDR and ADL scores. There was no difference in SRMs between the SADAS-cog and Qmci [t(357) = −0.32, P = 0.75].ConclusionThe Qmci correlated strongly with the SADAS-cog and both were equally responsive to deterioration. We suggest that clinicians and investigators can substitute the shorter Qmci for the SADAS-cog.