妊娠期大鼠摄入氟化物对子代鼠血液和骨氟浓度的影响

目的:观察孕期大鼠摄入不同剂量的氟之后,对子代鼠血液和骨氟浓度及软骨细胞和骨关节结构的影响,以探索通过妊娠期母体给氟预防乳牙龋齿的新途径。方法:给妊娠SD大鼠分别用N aF按1 m g/kg体重、10 m g/kg体重和50 m g/kg体重灌胃至分娩,并用0.9%N aC l灌胃作为对照组。结果:①实验组各组子鼠血清中的氟化物含量均较对照组高(P<0.01);并且与母鼠摄入的氟剂量呈正相关。②在中、高剂量组子鼠上肢骨骨氟的含量明显高于对照组。③在高剂量组子鼠的上肢骨切片中可见软骨细胞和关节结构的破坏。结论:①妊娠期母体摄入的氟化物可进入其子体体内。②当母鼠摄入的氟化物剂量过高时,可引起骨组织的毒性损害。     

纳洛酮治疗急性酒精中毒46例疗效观察

目的:总结纳洛酮(naloxone)治疗急性酒精中毒的疗效和经验。方法:对用纳洛酮治疗的46急性酒精中毒患者的临床资料进行分析。结果:纳洛酮治疗轻、中度患者症状消失时间为(0.6±0.1)小时,重度中毒患者神志清醒时间为(3.0±0.3)小时,与传统的治疗相比有明显的优势。结论:纳洛酮是治疗急性酒精中毒的有效药物,使用简单,疗效快速可靠。     

Induction of apoptotic cell death in human bladder cancer cells by ethanol extract of Zanthoxylum schinifolium leaf,through ROS-dependent inactivation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVESZanthoxylum schinifolium is traditionally used as a spice for cooking in East Asian countries. This study was undertaken to evaluate the anti-proliferative potential of ethanol extracts of Z. schinifolium leaves (EEZS) against human bladder cancer T24 cells.MATERIALS/METHODSSubsequent to measuring the cytotoxicity of EEZS, the anti-cancer activity was measured by assessing apoptosis induction, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). In addition, we determined the underlying mechanism of EEZS-induced apoptosis through various assays, including Western blot analysis.RESULTSEEZS treatment concentration-dependently inhibited T24 cell survival, which is associated with apoptosis induction. Exposure to EEZS induced the expression of Fas and Fas-ligand, activated caspases, and subsequently resulted to cleavage of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase. EEZS also enhanced the expression of cytochrome c in the cytoplasm by suppressing MMP, following increase in the ratio of Bax:Bcl-2 expression and truncation of Bid. However, EEZS-mediated growth inhibition and apoptosis were significantly diminished by a pan-caspase inhibitor. Moreover, EEZS inhibited activation of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway, and the apoptosis-inducing potential of EEZS was promoted in the presence of PI3K/Akt inhibitor. In addition, EEZS enhanced the production of ROS, whereas N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), a ROS scavenger, markedly suppressed growth inhibition and inactivation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway induced by EEZS. Furthermore, NAC significantly attenuated the EEZS-induced apoptosis and reduction of cell viability.CONCLUSIONSTaken together, our results indicate that exposure to EEZS exhibits anti-cancer activity in T24 bladder cancer cells through ROS-dependent induction of apoptosis and inactivation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.     

核因子红细胞2相关因子2在毒死蜱毒性机制中的作用

毒死蜱(chlorpyrifos,CPF)是一种广泛使用的有机磷农药,其对人类健康和生态系统的潜在风险已引起广泛关注。CPF主要通过抑制乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)发挥杀虫作用,但越来越多的研究表明,CPF的毒性作用远不止于此,也与氧化应激、炎症反应、 细胞死亡等多种生物学过程密切相关,因而可能导致神经退行性疾病、生殖发育障碍以及其他慢性健康问题。核因子红细胞2相关因子2(Nrf2)作为一种关键的抗氧化应激调节因子,具有显著的保护作用。本文旨在综述Nrf2在调节CPF诱导的氧化应激、神经毒性、细胞死亡和炎症反应中的作用机制,探讨其作为潜在治疗靶点的前景,以为开发新的CPF中毒治疗策略提供理论基础。     

APACHEⅡ评分与重度有机磷中毒患者肠道屏障功能的相关性分析

目的 分析急性生理与慢性健康状况系统Ⅱ(APACHEⅡ)评分与重度有机磷中毒患者肠道屏障功能的相关性.方法 回顾性选取2017年1月至2019年12月安徽理工大学附属亳州市人民医院收治的119例重度有机磷中毒患者.按照患者预后情况,将患者分别纳入存活组80例、病死组39例.记录患者入院即刻及入院48、72、144 h ...     

铊中毒与急救的研究进展

稀有元素铊对人体的毒性因一系列中毒事件的出现而广受重视。近10年来,铊中毒的作用机制和救治措施成为研究热点。初步研究表明,铊经胃肠道、呼吸道和皮肤吸收后,在体内广泛分布,浓度最高的是肾脏,其次为唾液腺。以离子状态存在的铊可以取代体内的钾离子,影响钾离子参与的生理功能及神经信号传导,并影响一系列酶的活性,使之失去正常功能。此外,铊还能拮抗钙离子,从而影响心脏功能、与核黄素结合干扰生物氧化等途径。在临床上,铊中毒可见周围神经中毒症状、胃肠道症状、黏膜炎症、毛发脱落和视力受损等。24h尿液中铊浓度检测为评价铊中毒的最佳方法,尿铊〉5μg/L具有诊断意义。当前临床治疗措施主要是减少吸收、加速清除和对症治疗。最新研究表明,血液灌流能有效清除已吸收的铊。     

血必净联合甲强龙治疗百草枯中毒患者肺损伤的研究

目的评价血必净联合甲强龙治疗百草枯中毒患者肺损伤的临床疗效。方法选择我院急诊2004年1月-2008年9月收治的急性百草枯中毒患者51例,随机分为对照组(24例)与治疗组(27例)。对照组给予常规治疗。治疗组在对照组的基础上应用血必净注射液50mL,2次/d,连用7d;甲强龙500mg,1次/d,连用5d。结果治疗组发生低氧血症、Ⅰ型呼吸衰竭、ALI、ARDS、机械通气例数少于对照组,P<0.05;治疗组肺纹理增强、点片状影、磨玻璃影、胸腔积液、纤维条索、网状影、结节影表现明显少于对照组,P<0.05;治疗组入院后发生MODS、死亡数少于对照组,P<0.05。结论血必净联合大剂量甲强龙治疗可减轻肺组织损伤程度,降低患者死亡率。     

Acoustic triggered nanobomb for US imaging guided sonodynamic therapy and activating antitumor immunity

We fabricated an ultrasound activated ‘nanobomb’ as a noninvasive and targeted physical therapeutic strategy for sonodynamic therapy and priming cancer immunotherapy. This ‘nanobomb’ was rationally designed via the encapsulation of indocyanine green (ICG) and perfluoropentane (PFP) into cRGD peptide-functionalized nano-liposome. The resulting Lip-ICG-PFP-cRGD nanoparticle linked with cRGD peptide could actively targeted ID8 and TC-1 cells and elicits ROS-mediated apoptosis after triggered by low-intensity focused ultrasound (LIFU). Moreover, the phase change of PFP (from droplets to microbubbles) under LIFU irradiation can produce a large number of microbubbles, which act as intra-tumoral bomber and can detonate explode tumor cells by acoustic cavitation effect. Instant necrosis of tumor cells further induces the release of biologically active damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) to facilitate antitumor immunity. More important, the ‘nanobomb’ in combination with anti-PD-1checkpoint blockade therapy can significantly improve the antitumor efficacy in a subcutaneous model. In addition, the liposomes may also be used as an imaging probe for ultrasound (US) imaging after being irradiated with LIFU. In summary, the US imaging-guided, LIFU activated ROS production and explosion ‘nanobomb’ might significantly improve the antitumor efficacy and overcome drug resistance through combination of SDT and immunotherapy, we believe that this is a promising approach for targeted therapy of solid tumor including ovarian cancer.