IL-1β在大鼠正畸性牙根吸收过程中的表达研究

目的 建立大鼠正畸性牙根吸收模型,探讨相同作用力条件下不同加力时间牙根吸收区IL-1β的表达变化。了解IL-1β与牙根吸收的关系。方法 选择月龄相同,体质量相近的SD雄性成年大鼠建立正畸牙移动模型,按不同加力时间分为1、3、5、7、10、14d组。采用连续切片观察牙根吸收情况。应用免疫组织化学方法观察IL-1β的表达变化。结果 牙根吸收主要表达在根中1/3区域,IL-1β的表达随加力时间不同而变化,不同加力时间时牙根吸收程度与IL-1β的表达两者基本一致。结论 说明IL-1β参与牙根吸收过程。提示临床加力应注意周期性,不应频繁加力。     

牙周炎患者的修复前正畸治疗

目的：观察修复前正畸治疗牙周炎的疗效。方法：对42例伴错He、牙移位、牙缺失的牙周炎患,用Tip-Edge技术矫治,结合修复及牙周治疗手段,消除He创伤,建立正常咬合关系,随访1年观察其疗效。结果：有效率为90．48％,无效4例,占9．52％,均于治疗过程中出现牙松动加重或被拔除。结论：通过正畸、修复和牙周治疗的综合作用,能有效控制炎症、消除创伤,以利牙周组织恢复健康。     

不同酸蚀时间托槽与牙面间抗拉粘接力研究

目的　测量不同酸蚀时间托槽与牙面间的粘接力 ,以探讨正畸临床上粘接托槽于牙面的最佳酸蚀时间。方法　选择 80颗正畸减数的恒双尖牙 ,根据托槽酸蚀时间 (1 5s和 6 0s)和施力方向 (0°和 4 5°)的不同 ,随机分为 4组 ,每组 2 0颗 ,用MTSNEW81 0 1 0 0KN液压伺服材料实验机测量托槽剪切粘接强度 ,并评价牙釉质表面粘接剂残留量。结果　 1 5s酸蚀组托槽剪切粘接强度小于 6 0s酸蚀组 ,1 5s酸蚀组最小托槽剪切粘接强度均值为 5 86 2 5MPa;1 5s酸蚀组牙釉质表面粘接剂残留量明显少于 6 0s酸蚀组。结论　 1 5s酸蚀组剪切粘接强度虽然小于 6 0s酸蚀组 ,但已能满足正畸临床需要 ,且 1 5s较 6 0s酸蚀组牙釉质表面粘接剂残留量少 ,临床去除托槽时操作时间短 ,可提高工作效率.     

黄连水煎剂漱口对固定正畸患者牙龈炎症的影响

目的观察黄连水煎剂漱口对固定正畸患者牙龈炎发生率的影响。方法选取11～19岁固定正畸患者100名,随机分为治疗组50例(常规卫生保健措施和黄连水煎剂漱口)和对照组50例(常规卫生保健措施和生理盐水漱口),在放置固定矫治器前及放置后4、8、12周分别测定上下颌第二前磨牙和第一磨牙处的牙龈指数(GI)和菌斑指数(PLI),并进行统计学分析。结果放置固定矫治器后4周复查,两组患者牙龈指数和菌斑指数均上升,对照组明显,但二者之间无统计学差异。8、12周后复查,治疗组与对照组牙龈和菌斑指数均升高且二者有统计学差异（P＜0.05）。结论黄连水煎剂漱口可有效降低固定正畸患者牙龈炎的发生率。     

医学学术会议综合管理系统的建立及在第七届全国正畸大会上的应用

目的开发基于计算机网络的医学学术会议综合管理系统并在第七届全国正畸大会上应用,协助会议的管理。方法运用SQL Server 2000开发存放大会数据的数据库服务端程序,采用ADO(active data object)接口连接数据库服务器。应用Visual Basic、Visual C++开发客户端程序及加密数据通信模块,操作系统采用Windows2000及Windows XP。整个系统的连接采用国际先进的Wi-Fi无限连接标准。结果医学学术会议综合管理系统在第七届全国正畸大会上成功应用,顺利的完成了对会议的协助管理,实现了会议代表注册,会议宾馆分配,大会议程安排,大会学术交流,会议代表查询,车船票预定等功能。结论此系统的采用,不仅提高了会议注册效率,降低了人员成本,更有利于主办单位信息化水平的提高。     

Dose reduction in orthodontic lateral cephalography: dosimetric evaluation of a novel cephalographic thyroid protector (CTP) and anatomical cranial collimation (ACC)

Objectives:

To test the dose-reducing capabilities of a novel thyroid protection device and a recently introduced cranial collimator to be used in orthodontic lateral cephalography.

Methods:

Cephalographic thyroid protector (CTP) was designed to shield the thyroid while leaving the cervical vertebrae depicted. Using a RANDO^® head phantom (The Phantom Laboratory, Salem, NY) equipped with dosemeters and a Proline XC (Planmeca, Helsinki, Finland) cephalograph, lateral cephalograms were taken, and the effective dose (ED) was calculated for four protocols: (1) without shielding; (2) with CTP; (3) with CTP and anatomical cranial collimator (ACC); and (4) with a thyroid collar (TC).

Results:

The ED for the respective protocols was (1) 8.51; (2) 5.39; (3) 3.50; and (4) 4.97 µSv. The organ dose for the thyroid was reduced from 30.17 to 4.50 µSv in Protocols 2 and 3 and to 3.33 µSv in Protocol 4.

Conclusions:

The use of just the CTP (Protocol 2) resulted in a 36.8% reduction of the ED of a lateral cephalogram. This was comparable to the classical TC (Protocol 4). A 58.8% reduction of the ED was obtained when combining CTP and ACC (Protocol 3). The dose to the radiosensitive thyroid gland was reduced by 85% in Protocols 2 and 3 and by 89% in Protocol 4.     

Modified IOTN: an orthodontic treatment need index for use in oral health surveys

This paper reports the results of a study of the reliability of a modified version of the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN) for use in oral health surveys. Twelve non-specialist dental examiners were trained in the use of the Modified IOTN using a standardised teaching protocol lasting approximately 1.5 hours. Following a school-based calibration exercise it was found that nearly all the examiners achieved either good or excellent agreement (mean Kappa=0.74). The average sensitivity and specificity scores were 0.90 and 0.84, respectively. The Modified IOTN appears to overcome the training and reliability problems that often accompany the use of orthodontic indices by non-specialists in oral health surveys.     

Corticotomy facilitated orthodontics: Review of a technique

Corticotomy found to be effective in accelerating orthodontic treatment. The most important factors in the success of this technique is proper case selection and careful surgical and orthodontic treatment.Corticotomy facilitated orthodontics advocated for comprehensive fixed orthodontic appliances in conjunction with full thickness flaps and labial and lingual corticotomies around teeth to be moved. Bone graft should be applied directly over the bone cuts and the flap sutured in place. Tooth movement should be initiated two weeks after the surgery, and every two weeks thereafter by activation of the orthodontic appliance.Orthodontic treatment time with this technique will be reduced to one-third the time of conventional orthodontics. Alveolar augmentation of labial and lingual cortical plates were used in an effort to enhance and strengthen the periodontium, reasoning that the addition of bone to alveolar housing of the teeth, using modern bone grafting techniques, ensures root coverage as the dental arch expanded.Corticotomy facilitated orthodontics is promising procedure but only few cases were reported in the literature. Controlled clinical and histological studies are needed to understand the biology of tooth movement with this procedure, the effect on teeth and bone, post-retention stability, measuring the volume of mature bone formation, and determining the status of the periodontium and roots after treatment.     

Distribution of orthodontic services in Norway

Grytten J, Skau I, Stenvik A. Distribution of orthodontic services in Norway. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2010; 38: 267–273. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S Abstract – Background and objectives: There is a lack of studies that have evaluated how different ways of organizing and financing orthodontic services perform with respect to access to care, and the cost of care. In Norway, orthodontic services for children and adolescents are partly financed by the state, and the size of the state subsidy depends on the severity of the malocclusion. Orthodontists have the freedom to establish a practice where they wish. The aim of this study was to examine whether there are inequalities with respect to access to orthodontic services in Norway, and to study the development of costs of the services from 2004 to 2007. Methods: Data on mean waiting time for starting treatment and working hours in practice were collected using a questionnaire that was sent to all the orthodontists in the country (n = 165). The response rate was 74%. The number of patients who received treatment according to different criteria of need was recorded from data in each practice. Information about the development of costs for orthodontic treatment was obtained from the National Insurance Administration. Results: In almost all the areas, waiting time for starting treatment was within clinically acceptable limits, and there were only small differences in supply of orthodontic treatment in different areas. Patients with the greatest need were given priority over patients with the least need, which is in line with the aims of the authorities. In 2007 the reimbursements for orthodontic treatment from the National Insurance Administration amounted to Euro 48 million. In deflated prices this was virtually the same amount as in 2004. Conclusion: Our results show that the combination of public funding and freedom to establish a practice ensures that services are available for the individuals who are most in need of treatment. The authorities also have control over costs. The experiences from the orthodontic services in Norway are useful for policymakers in other countries. In particular, an important finding is that an orthodontic service where the state subsidy depends on the severity of the malocclusion can secure both equal access to the services and contain costs.