脑、脑病与郁证的关系

脑具有思维、想象意念、记忆、智愚、感知、运动知觉、语言等生理功能.神明其体在脑其用在心,心脑协同共主神明.脑病一般是指脑所在头部的病证,与脑有关的五官病证,神志昏迷或神志异常的病证,心神蒙昧或精神心理有关等病证,与运动知觉异常有关的病证.郁证性脑病是指凡由情志不遂所引起或加重的脑病,如部分头痛、眩晕、耳鸣脑鸣、不寐、多...     

横经席药材的生药学研究及有效成分测定

目的 对广西民族药材横经席CalophylliHerba进行基原调查和生药学研究,并对有效成分进行测定。方法通过查阅文献厘清横经席的历史使用沿革及植物分布情况,野外实地调研横经席的植物基原,采集并制作腊叶标本,通过药材性状、显微特征等方法进行生药学研究,采用岛津液相色谱仪Nexera LC-40,岛津Shim-pack GIST C18-AQ HP色谱柱（100 mm×2.1 mm,1.9μm）,乙腈-0.4%甲酸水为流动相,体积流量0.3 mL/min,梯度洗脱,柱温35℃,PDA检测器,检测波长275nm,建立横经席药材中穗花杉双黄酮和异棘苷的含量测定方法。结果 横经席的野外资源日益匮乏,市场上常见东南亚进口的红厚壳属植物与横经席混用,采用建立的方法能够有效地鉴别横经席药材。所建立的含量测定方法稳定性和重复性良好,线性范围宽（5.360～379.800μg/mL）、线性较好（R2>0.999）,平均回收率在98.3%～99.0%。结论为完善横经席药材质量标准和药合理应用提供依据。     

金钗、金钗石斛的名实考证

该文考证中药材"金钗"、"金钗石斛"的植物基原,以正本清源。结合本草描述,查阅湖北、四川、重庆、河南和陕西等5省市部分地方志及文史资料,对老河口、利川、房县、西峡、内乡、安康、万源等20余个县市的老药工和老中医进行走访调查,并采集调查区域的少量金钗植株进行活体保存和鉴定。"金钗"和"金钗石斛"之名在川东北、渝东、鄂西、鄂北、陕东南、豫西的民间应用广泛,地方志及文史资料多有记载,在民间歌谣和故事传说中亦有体现;调查和鉴定结果表明,历史上中药材名称"金钗"和"金钗石斛"为中国特有种曲茎石斛Dendrobium flexicaule,并有龙头金、人字金、环字金、龙头凤尾金等别名,所加工的干燥金钗药材称金耳环。中药材"金钗"、"金钗石斛"的植物来源为曲茎石斛D. flexicaule,而不是《中国植物志》(19卷)和《中国植物志》(英文版)(25卷),以及自1977年以来历版《中国药典》中所使用的名称石斛(D. nobile,别名金钗石斛)。尽管植物的中文名称不受植物分类学者对植物命名所必须遵循的规章《国际藻类、菌物和植物命名法规》的制约,但为避免中文名称使用混乱,特别是中药材行业药材名称的混乱,建议将石斛D. nobile的中文别名更改为扁草石斛,而D. flexicaule的中文名改为金钗石斛,别名中增加金钗、曲茎石斛。     

基于形态特征和DNA条形码技术的维吾尔药材沙枣基原鉴定

该研究从形态学及分子生物学角度研究新疆维吾尔医常用药材沙枣的基原是否为胡颓子属3种沙枣。随机选择不同产地3种沙枣的叶片、花、果实,通过形态学比较外观差异;使用DNA条形码ITS2序列对新疆3种17份沙枣ITS2序列进行PCR扩增和测序,比较17份样品ITS2序列种内和种间变异、采用NJ树法及ML法对其亲缘关系进行分析,结果表明新疆胡颓子属3种沙枣叶片、花、果实均无明显区别特征,肉眼不易区分;沙枣、尖果沙枣、东方沙枣ITS2序列长度变化范围为220~223 bp,平均GC质量分数为61.9%,单倍型数分别为4,3,3,NJ树及ML树均不能将三者区分。因此,从分子生物学角度看,新疆胡颓子属3种沙枣可能为同一起源,均可作为维吾尔药材沙枣的基原植物,但需进一步结合其分布、化学成分和药理药效等因素进行综合深入的研究。     

经典名方的“遵古”研发思路探讨——以泻白散为例

国家药品监督管理局拟对符合要求的古代经典名方中药复方制剂简化注册审批流程,制备方法及给药途径与古代医籍记载一致是获得政策优惠的一大前提。由于经典名方多为清代及清代以前医籍所记载的方剂,在历代沿用过程中,药材炮制、药味用量、煎煮方式等可能发生了变化。若研究人员只是简单的采用现代方法对经典名方进行研究,容易偏离政策要求。加强前期资料调研,明确处方组成及所属朝代的用药情况能够给予经典名方研究提供强大的理论支持。基于此,笔者以《古代经典名方目录(第一批)》收载的泻白散为例,通过遵循古法原则,从药材基原、药材炮制、标准煎液的制备、泻白散颗粒剂的质量标准等方面阐述经典名方复方制剂的研发思路,为经典名方的开发与研制提供一个可借鉴的方法。     

针灸原始点治疗中风后遗症136例临床研究

目的：探讨针灸原始点与常规针灸治疗中风后遗症临床疗效的可靠性。方法：按照患者入院先后随机将272例,分为治疗组和对照组各136例。治疗组：针灸原始点,急性期手法以泻为主;恢复期手法以补为主,并重用艾灸。对照组：采用常规针灸,以患者脉症辨证施治。两组针灸治疗1次/d,30min/次,10/b为1个疗程。结果：治疗组136例患者中痊愈28例（20.58%）;好转102例（75%）;无效6例（4.42%）。总有效率为95.48%。对照组136例患者中痊愈12例,（8.82%）;好转71例（52.21%）;无效53例（38.97%）,总有效率为61.03%。结论：针灸原始点治疗中风后遗症疗效显著,可推广应用。     

临床医师的中医原创思维认知差异的探讨

为了解临床高级中医师中医原创思维内涵认知现状及差异形成原因,以期为中医原创思维的发展和培养提供数据支持和理性参考。此研究采用中医原创思维课题组专家编制的问卷,分别从“象”“数”“形神气”“阴阳五行”“分类法”“跳跃性思维”6个层面针对中医师进行调查。研究发现临床中医师对中医原创思维中“分类法”“形神气”“阴阳五行”和“象思维”在整体思维层面及核心概念认知方面更为重视。不同背景的临床医师对中医原创思维内涵认知存在差异,其中职称越高、学历越高、中医专业背景、工作在综合性医院、工作范围更广泛的医师对中医原创思维概念的重视程度和认同度越高。应当加强“数”概念认知学习,将中医思维内核纳入西式思维构架,从而提高临床进修质量、增加多学科交流机会、继承名老中医学术思想、促进科教走进临床,提升中医原创思维的认知和培养。     

长刺蔭木的生药学研究

报道长刺楤木AraliaspinifoliaMerr.的生药性状、根横切面组织构造和粉末鉴别特征、薄层色谱法鉴别研究结果     

The design and optimization of RNA trans-splicing molecules for skin cancer therapy

Targeting tumor marker genes by RNA trans-splicing is a promising means to induce tumor cell-specific death. Using a screening system we designed RNA trans-splicing molecules (RTM) specifically binding the pre-mRNA of SLCO1B3, a marker gene in epidermolysis bullosa associated squamous cell carcinoma (EB-SCC). Specific trans-splicing, results in the fusion of the endogenous target mRNA of SLCO1B3 and the coding sequence of the suicide gene, provided by the RTM. SLCO1B3-specific RTMs containing HSV-tk were analyzed regarding their trans-splicing potential in a heterologous context using a SLCO1B3 expressing minigene (SLCO1B3-MG). Expression of the chimeric SLCO1B3-tk was detected by semi-quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot analysis. Cell viability and apoptosis assays confirmed that the RTMs induced suicide gene-mediated apoptosis in SLCO1B3-MG expressing cells. The lead RTM also showed its potential to facilitate a trans-splicing reaction into the endogenous SLCO1B3 pre-mRNA in EB-SCC cells resulting in tk-mediated apoptosis. We assume that the pre-selection of RTMs by our inducible cell-death system accelerates the design of optimal RTMs capable to induce tumor specific cell death in skin cancer cells.     

The 10-Year Local Recurrence and Partial Breast Radiotherapy for Early Breast Cancer Tmarted by Conservative Surgery

To study the local recurrence and the role of whole breast radiotherapy for early breast cancer treated by conservative surgery. METHODS From April 1990 to December 2000, 49 patients with early primary breast cancer were treated by conservative surgery in our hospital. The cases were comprised of Stage 0, 1; Stage Ⅰ, 31; and Stage Ⅱa, 17. Forty cases underwent quadrantectomy plus axillary lymph node dissection, and the other 9 cases had lumpectomy alone. Irradiation, which was received by 39 patients, was administered by using low tangential half fields with 6 MV X-ray to decrease the pulmonary irradiative volume. The dose to the whole breast was 45 Gy/22 ～23f/4.5W, then a 15 Gy boost dose was delivered to the tumor bed by an electron beam. The other patients underwent an irradiated regional field according to postoperative pathology. RESULTS All patients were followed-up for 10 years or more. The 10- year local recurrence rates, distant metastasis rates and survival rates were 6.1%, 4.1% and 98.0% respectively. All of the 3 patients who had a local recurrence had infiltrative carcinomas and negative lymph nodes. The 10-year local recurrence rate was higher （2.6% vs. 20.0%） with nonpostoperative whole breast radootherapy, but the statistical difference was not marked because of the low number of cases. All of the recurrent lesions localized within 3 cm of the primary lesion. CONCLUSION Original recurrence of the tumor was the main type of local recurrence. Radiotherapy after conservative surgery is very essential. After conservative surgery it is feasible that irradiation can be delivered alone to the neighboring region of the tumor bed. Partial breast radiotherapy can substitute for whole breast radiotherapy.