螺旋CT扫描与多模式三维重建诊断腰椎间盘突出症

目的 探讨螺旋CT扫描容积数据与三维重建诊断腰椎间盘突出症(LDH)的价值。资料与方法 94例行连续容积扫描：准直3～5mm，螺距1．5～3．0，以1．3～2．7mm间距后重建；源影像输入AW4．0工作站，应用多平面重建(MPR)、表面遮盖显示(SSD)和仿真内镜(VE)等软件显示病变，并与椎间盘镜(MED)诊治对照。结果 8例正常；LDH86例：中央型、侧旁、椎间管、椎管外、侧方及混合型分别为19、39、5、2、3、18例。三维重建显示LDH的立体结构为堤坡形、扁丘形、尖丘形、双(多)丘形及游离形分别为34、26、9、5、2例。VE诊断LDH的准确度、灵敏度、特异度分别为95％、100％、80％。VE能模拟MED效果。结论 容积数据与多模式三维重建能提供诊断LDH更全面的信息，并模拟微创手术治疗。     

清开灵治疗缺血性视乳头病变40例疗效分析

目的 :探讨清开灵治疗缺血性视乳头病变的疗效。方法 :用前瞻性评估研究方法 ,将缺血性视乳头病变 70例患者按随机原则进行分组。治疗组 4 0例 ,用清开灵辅助治疗 ;对照组 30例 ,单纯用西医治疗 ;以视力为主要评估指标。结果 :治疗组与对照组愈显率及总有效率分别为 77 5 % ,6 0 0 %和 95 0 % ,83 3% ,差异有显著性 (P <0 0 1) ,无毒副作用。结论 :用清开灵辅助治疗缺血性视乳头病变疗效肯定     

视盘血管袢的临床特征

目的：了解视盘血管袢的临床特征。方法：回顾分析我院自开展荧光素眼底血管造影以来的诊断为视盘血管袢的14例(16眼)临床资料。结果：视盘血管袢62．5％的分布于视盘上方；动脉袢10眼，静脉袢6眼；合并玻璃体积血8眼；视力在0．5以下者占78．5％。结论：视盘血管袢动脉居多，多于视盘上方，影响视力的主要原因为合并症。     

模特征对伴单侧坐骨神经痛的腰椎间盘突出症的诊断价值

目的：介绍与验证一种反映腰椎间盘突出伴单侧坐骨神经痛的体征——模特征。方法：选取72例经腰椎MRI证实有腰椎间盘突出（L4，532例，L5／S1 40例）并伴单侧坐骨神经痛的患者，男49例，女23例，年龄32～68岁，平均50．7岁。每例患者人院当日由两位医师间隔2h分别检查，患者背对检查者，嘱其取最能缓解坐骨神经痛的站立姿势，若患者出现患侧屈髋屈膝、骨盆倾向患侧的姿势，记为“模特征阳性”，否则记为“模特征阴性”。同时行直腿抬高试验（SLR），阳性患者记录诱发下肢放射痛的最小角度。结果：70例患者两检查者结果完全相同，其中阳性60例，阴性10例，敏感性为85．7％；仅2例患者两检查者结果不一致，重复性97．2％。SLR均为阳性。结论：模特征是诊断伴单侧坐骨神经痛腰椎间盘突出症的简单、敏感的临床体征。     

臭氧结合胶原酶治疗腰椎间盘突出症的临床应用

目的研究臭氧髓核氧化术结合胶原酶溶解术治疗腰椎间盘突出症的临床疗效。方法对183例腰椎间盘突出症患者进行臭氧结合胶原酶盘内、外注射治疗。术后随访6~12个月,按照Macnab评定标准进行疗效评定。结果183例患者,优144例,良18例,可16例,差5例;优良率为88.5%,有效率为97.3%;本组患者无1例并发症出现。结论臭氧髓核氧化术结合胶原酶溶解术治疗腰椎间盘突出症集合了两者的优点,因此疗效更好,同时安全、费用低,是腰椎间盘突出症首选的微创治疗方法。     

手法为主综合治疗腰椎间盘突出手术后复发

腰椎间盘突出症所引起的腰腿痛,目前多主张以保守治疗为主,但经手术治疗的也有一定比率。自2000年10月-2005年12月共收治经手术后复发的腰椎间盘突出症19例,临床应用松肌法、分离神经根粘连法、骨盆旋转整脊法、后伸压腰法、纠正脊柱侧弯法为主,结合骨盆牵引中药熏蒸,药物对症治疗为辅,取得了满意的效果。为探究其疗效机制,现总结如下。1临床资料1.1一般资料19例中,男16例,女3例;年龄26~59岁。有劳损、外伤及受凉诱发者12例。发病部位据CT、MRI检查统计:L3,4椎间盘突出1例,L4,5椎间盘突出9例,L5S1椎间盘突出5例,L4,5和L5S1两节段椎间盘…     

Clinical Observation on Effect of Acupuncture in the Treatment of Optic Atrophy

Opticatrophy,acommondiseasewhichleadstoblindness,respondstofewtreatment.However,acupuncturehasbeenactuallyusedandtheclinicaleffectintreatingthisconditionisratherpreferable.Byusingtheacupunctureformula"Three--EyeNeedling",remarkableclinicaloutcomeisachievedandtheresultoftherelatedelectrophysiologicalparametersfollowingtheacupuncturepracticeintreatingopticatrophyhasbeenobserved.METHODSClinicalD8tsTheclinicalmaterialswerecollectedintheSpecialClinicofOpticAtrophyoftheDepartmentofAcupuncture…     

Lymphocyte subclasses and function in patients with optic neuritis in childhood with special reference to multiple sclerosis

Ten patients with childhood optic neuritis (5 with a single attack of ON and 5 with later MS) were studied at various stages of the disease. Lymphocyte count and function were analysed in the peripheral blood of all patients, 3 repeatedly, and in one they were also analysed in the CSF. T-lymphocytes counts were normal in all but 2 MS cases who had high counts. In acute stages the T4/T8 ratio were high in 1/3 determinations, in recovery low in 2/2 determinations, and in stable stages normal in 6/8 determinations. Lymphocyte function, measured by PHA, ConA and PWM stimulation, was normal in all but one. One patient showed significantly higher T-cell percentages and a high number of stimulated lymphocytes in CSF but a lower count of suppressor cells than in the blood. We found no abnormalities specific to MS nor to childhood MS or to disease activity stage. Rather than peripheral blood, it would seem more worthwhile to study CSF to clarify the pathogenesis of ON and MS.     

Malignant chiasmal glioma: a rare cause of rapid visual loss

The clinical, neuroradiological, and histological findings of an adult patient suffering from malignant optic glioma is reported. Rapid visual deterioration was misdiagnosed for several months until biopsy confirmed the tumor. The patient died despite radiation therapy nine months after first symptoms. Our presentation will focus on the problems of diagnosing and establishing therapeutic procedures in this rare malignant neoplasm.     

The differential effect of optic nerve disease on pattern and focal electroretinograms

We studied nine cases of retrobulbar neuritis with confirmed multiple sclerosis and six cases of optic atrophy from other causes. Pattern and focal electroretinograms (macular ERGs) were recorded with high (400 cd/m²) and low (40 cd/m²) intensity stimuli. Contrast sensitivity was also measured with a simple printed test.Luminance was not markedly important. High spatial frequency contrast sensitivity was significantly correlated with pattern ERG amplitude. Pattern and focal ERG amplitude ratio was usually reduced, but the effect was not correlated with contrast sensitivity or large enough to be useful clinically.In optic atrophy the pattern ERG (PERG) was clearly more severely reduced than the focal ERG (FERG). In retrobulbar neuritis both ERGs were equally and more severely reduced even though the visual losses were less. In unilateral cases the PERG increased then decreased after the initial attack, as previously described (Arden et al., 1982). The results suggest that retinal layers beyond the ganglion cells may be affected in retrobulbar neuritis, but proximally generated, pattern-specific ERG components are selectively lost in optic atrophy.