Baby Gate–Related Injuries Among Children in the United States, 1990–2010

ObjectiveBaby gates are one of the most widely used home safety products to protect children from home hazards. The objective was to describe the epidemiology of baby gate and barrier-associated injuries among children. It was hypothesized that injuries experienced by children ages ≤2 years and those >2 years were significantly different as a result of differences in gate interactions.MethodsA retrospective analysis was conducted by using nationally representative data from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System. A total of 1188 actual cases were reviewed and national estimates generated.ResultsAn estimated 37,673 children were treated in emergency departments for injuries associated with gates, yielding an average of 1794 cases annually. The incidence of gate-related injuries increased significantly from 3.9 per 100,000 children in 1990 to 12.5 per 100,000 children in 2010 (P < .001). Patients were primarily boys (61.0%) and were <2 years of age (60.4%). Patients <2 years of age were most often injured by falls down stairs (odds ratio 6.72; 95% confidence interval 6.32–7.16) after the collapse of the gate. Patients aged 2 to 6 were most often injured by contact with the gate (odds ratio 2.03; 95% confidence interval 1.95–2.12), resulting in open wounds (55.4%) and soft-tissue injuries (24.2%).ConclusionsGiven the clear dichotomy between injury characteristics of patients aged <2 years and patients aged 2 to 6 years of age, as well as the prevalence of preventable injuries, greater efforts are needed to promote proper usage, ensure safety in product design, and increase awareness of age-related recommendations for use of gates.     

2020年全国社区医院建设追踪监测分析

背景　社区医院建设是新时期满足群众基本医疗卫生服务需求的重要举措，是推动构建优质高效医疗卫生服务体系的关键环节。自2019年开展社区医院试点工作以来，国家紧密出台相关政策文件推动其发展。截至2020年底，我国已成功创建1 410家社区医院，对其建设情况进行监测、分析十分必要。目的　分析2020年全国社区医院监测数据，针对社区医院建设推进过程中存在的问题与困难，提出进一步推动社区医院建设相关政策建议。方法　利用课题组于2020年12月开展的社区医院追踪监测数据，从社区医院达到推荐标准、业务用房建筑面积、实际开放床位数、科室设置、全科医生配置等方面进行分析，梳理各省份2020年社区医院建设工作进展。结果　截至2020年12月，全国创建社区医院1 410个，73.12%（1 023/1 399）的社区医院达到“优质服务基层行”推荐标准，山西省等9个省份的社区医院全部达到推荐标准。2020年，全国已建成的社区医院平均业务用房面积6 822 m2，较2019年增加347 m2，达到“业务用房面积≥3 000 m2”标准的社区医院占比为96.07%（1 343/1 398）；社区医院平均实际开放床位数为91张，较2019年增加3张，达到“实际开放床位数≥30张”标准的社区医院占比为97.13%（1 355/1 395）；社区医院临床科室设置逐渐齐全，除全科医疗科、康复医学科、中医科外达到“其他10个临床专业科室数≥5个”标准的社区医院占比为89.15%（1 241/1 392），2020年新增临床科室占比较多的依次为发热门诊（18.95%，260/1 372）、康复医学科（9.10%，126/1 384）、精神/心理科（6.55%，89/1 358）；社区医院平均配置全科医生16.15人，较2019年增加1.16人。结论　社区医院推进工作进展顺利，数量翻番，基础设施设备加强，临床科室不断增加，服务能力进一步提升；但各省份社区医院建设数量差距较大，部分省份社区医院对标不够，配套政策应持续完善，人才队伍建设是关键环节。社区医院建设应与各地“十四五”规划相衔接，稳步推进；多部门协同配合，强化社区医院政策保障，推动社区医院高质量发展。     

中医医院独立建制输血科的思考

目的探讨改变中医医院输血科现状，建设独立输血科。方法分析某中医医院输血科（血库）发展的历史和现状以及建立独立输血科的条件。结果中医医院成立独立的输血科，能够充分发挥输血科真正的职能及临床作用，使临床用血更加科学合理、安全有效。结论中医医院输血科的建设，能反映中医医院临床用血、医疗水平和输血医学的发展，也能为患者提供合理治疗。