Effects of experimental occlusal interference on body posture: an optoelectronic stereophotogrammetric analysis

In recent years, there has been increasing interest in the relationship between dental occlusion and body posture both among people and in scientific literature. The aim of the present longitudinal study is to investigate the effects of an experimental occlusal interference on body posture by means of a force platform and an optoelectronic stereophotogrammetric analysis. An occlusal interference of a 0‐ to 2‐mm‐thick glass composite was prepared to disturb the intercuspal position while not creating interference during lateral or protrusive mandibular excursions. Frontal and sagittal kinematic parameters, dynamic gait measurements and superficial electromyographic (SEMG) activity of head and neck muscles were performed on 12 healthy subjects. Measurements were taken 10 days before the application of the occlusal interference, and then immediately before the application, the day after it, and at a distance of 7 and 14 days under four different exteroceptive conditions. The outcomes of this study show that an occlusal interference does not modify significantly over time static and dynamic parameters of body posture under different exteroceptive conditions. It has a minimal influence only on the frontal kinematic parameters related to mandibular position, and it induces a transient increase of the activity of masticatory muscles. In this study, the experimental occlusal interference did not significantly influence the body posture during a 14‐day follow‐up period.     

数字化耠板在儿童颞下颌关节强直合并颌骨畸形同期治疗中的应用：附2例报告

目的：探讨数字化验板在儿童颞下颌关节强直合并颌骨畸形同期治疗中的应用效果。方法：2例儿童单侧颞下颌关节强直合并颌骨畸形患者,术前采用SurgiCaseCMF5．0软件进行颌骨畸形的三维测量．模拟骨球截除后摆正下颌骨,制作数字化袷板,术中应用,行肋骨一软骨移植关节重建。术后进行CT扫描二三维测量,评价应用效果。结果：2例患者术中袷板戴入顺利,术后CT三维测量与术前设计吻合度高。结论：数字化袷板在儿童颞下颌关节强直合并颌骨畸形的同期治疗中节省了手术时间,提高了手术的准确性,具有较好的临床应用前景。     

咬合垂直距离降低对大鼠咬肌能量代谢的影响

目的：研究咬合垂直距离降低对大鼠咬肌能量代谢的影响.方法：40只雄性SD大鼠,随机平均分为实验组与操作对照组,依据处死时间每组再平均分为3、10、30、60d的四个亚组.采用人为降低大鼠牙冠高度的方法降低实验组大鼠咬合垂直距离,处死后取深层咬肌检测Ca^2＋-ATPase、Na^＋-K^＋-ATPase活性值改变.结果：咬合垂直距离降低后大鼠咬肌组织的Na^＋-K^＋-ATPase活性有所降低,在实验第30d时活性下降明显,但在实验第60d时与同期对照组相比差异已无显著性;Ca^2＋--ATPase活性则显示出与Na^＋-K^＋-ATPase活性相同的变化趋势.结论：咬合垂直距离降低可引起咬肌组织的能量代谢障碍,但随着低位咬合状态持续时间的延长,能量供应可得到恢复,过度的能量消耗得到缓解.     

垫式可摘局部义齿联合软牙合垫治疗颞下颌关节紊乱病的疗效观察

目的观察利用垫式可摘局部义齿联合软垫对垂直距离过低的颞下颌关节紊乱病患者进行治疗的临床疗效。方法选择16例垂直距离过低的颞下颌关节紊乱病患者对其采用垫式可摘局部义齿联合软垫的方法进行修复治疗,做3个月和半年的随访,用Fricton指数和临床症状评价效果。结果 16例患者在接受治疗后Fricton指数较治疗前有明显下降,半年较3个月下降更为明显,统计学分析显示治疗3个月和半年与治疗前比较各项数据差异均有显著性(P<0.05),治疗半年与3个月比较JP、MP、PI无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 垫式可摘局部义齿可以在修复牙列缺损、恢复垂直距离的同时联合软垫有效治疗颞下颌关节紊乱病。     

咬合支持丧失患者修复前后咀嚼肌表面肌电分析

目的：探讨咬合支持丧失患者修复前后咀嚼肌肌电的变化。方法：对24例咬合支持丧失患者进行常规修复,记录不同时期双侧咬肌和颞肌前束在下颌姿势位及牙尖交错紧咬位时的肌电活动,分析肌电幅值、不对称指数及咬肌/颞肌活动指数的变化。结果：（1）修复前后下颌姿势位肌电变化,咬肌肌电幅值和不对称指数在不同时期无明显变化（P〉0.05）;颞肌肌电幅值和不对称指数在义齿戴用3个月以上后显著小于义齿早期（P〈0.05）;咬肌/颞肌前束活动指数在各时期均小于0。（2）修复后牙尖交错位紧咬时肌电变化,咬肌及颞肌前束肌电幅值在戴牙3个月后显著高于戴牙早期（P〈0.05）;不对称指数与初戴牙时接近（P〉0.05）,较戴牙1周及1个月显著减小（P〈0.05）。咬肌/颞肌前束活动指数值在各时期均接近0。结论：咬合支持丧失患者进行咬合重建过程中,咀嚼肌肌电活动在不同时期有所变化。肌电测量可为咬合重建效果的评价提供参考。     

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正畸治疗后是否应该进行调[牙合]是一个颇具争议的问题,其主要原因之一是目前对正常[牙合]的标准尚未达成共识,因此,正畸后调[牙合]治疗的目标尚不明确。本文根据笔者的临床工作体会,阐述了正畸结束时进行调[牙合]治疗的必要性以及调[牙合]治疗的指征、时机和注意事项。     

人工楔状缺损对牙颈部硬组织应力分布的影响

目的 分析楔状缺损患牙颈部硬组织的应力分布.方法 在下颌前磨牙沿釉牙本质界建立三角形缺损,设计楔状缺损模型,模拟侧方运动中牙齿的受力情况,对下颌前磨牙颈部硬组织行非线性接触分析.结果 斜向载荷下,釉牙本质界缺损的下颌前磨牙缺损区尖端存在明显的拉应力集中.随缺损高度的增加,应力值增大,应力集中程度也增加:应力集中区沿釉牙...     

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T-Scan Ⅲ数字化咬合分析系统是最新的专门用来精确记录和分析咬合力随接触时间变化的工具。目前,在咬合生理研究、种植义齿、修复治疗、颞下颌关节病治疗、正畸治疗等临床领域得到广泛应用。本文对T-Scan Ⅲ数字化咬合分析系统的发展、优点及临床最新应用进展做一综述。     

Bone reaction adjacent to microplasma-sprayed calcium phosphate-coated oral implants subjected to an occlusal load, an experimental study in the dog

Background: A new microplasma spraying equipment (MSE) to deposit calcium phosphate (CaP) ceramic coatings onto titanium substrates has been developed. With this system, it is possible to spray fine particles and to apply textured hydroxylapatite coatings onto titanium surfaces. Moreover, due to the low heat power of the microplasma jet, overheating of the powder particles as well as excessive local overheating of the substrate are diminished. Furthermore, because of the small laminar plasma jet, it is possible to achieve high spray efficiency in the case of spraying for dental implants. Also, the low level of noise (25–50 dB) and hardly any dust makes it possible to operate MSE under conditions of normal workrooms. Objective: The aim was to investigate, in a mandibular dog model, the effect of functional load on soft‐tissue adaptation as well as crestal bone‐level changes around titanium implants provided with newly developed microplasma‐sprayed CaP coatings. Material and methods: For histomorphometrical evaluation, 56 screw‐type titanium implants were inserted into the mandibles of seven adult Beagle dogs. The implants were either acid etched without an additional coating, coated with a conventionally plasma‐sprayed CaP ceramic (PS), coated with a microplasma‐sprayed CaP ceramic (MPS) or with a microplasma‐sprayed coating at only the apical part (aMPS). To assess the effect of occlusal loading, a split‐mouth design was used. Six weeks after implantation, the implants in one half of the mandible of each dog were functionally loaded whereas the contra lateral implants served as control. One year after loading, the animals were sacrificed. Soft‐tissue dimension as well as marginal bone level were histologically assessed. Results: Histometric analysis of undecalcified histologic sections included the evaluation of the sulcus depth, the dimension of the junctional epithelium and the connective tissue as well as the first bone‐to‐implant contact. For MPS‐surfaced implants, functional loading was associated with – compared with the non‐loaded state – unchanged soft‐tissue dimension. Furthermore, the soft‐tissue dimension did not differ from the dimensions around non‐coated, PS and aMPS implants. Moreover, the first bone‐to‐implant contact was not significantly altered by functional loading and comparable non‐coated, PS and aMPS implants. Conclusion: Within the limits of the experiment, we conclude that, in comparison, functional loading does not affect the marginal soft‐tissue response to MPS CaP‐coated implants. However, in comparison, functional loading might affect marginal bone response to MPS CaP‐coated implants. To cite this article:
Junker R, Manders PJD, Wolke J, Borisov Y, Braceras I, Jansen JA. Bone reaction adjacent to microplasma‐sprayed calcium phosphate‐coated oral implants subjected to occlusal load, an experimental study in the dog. Clin. Oral Impl. Res. 22 , 2011; 135–142.
doi: 10.1111/j.1600‐0501.2010.02025.x     

牙列重度磨耗伴缺损老年患者两种咬合重建治疗的效果比较

目的:观察牙列重度磨耗伴缺损的老年患者分别采用垫式可摘局部义齿与固定义齿进行咬合重建治疗的效果,并进行对比研究。方法:24例牙列重度磨耗伴缺损的老年男性患者,分别采用垫式可摘局部义齿与固定义齿进行咬合重建治疗,其中垫式可摘局部义齿咬合重建组15例,固定义齿咬合重建组9例,并分别对患者治疗前后的自我感觉(美观、舒适)、临床表现、咀嚼效率、颞下颌关节紊乱病临床症状的变化等指标进行评估及分析。结果:垫式可摘局部义齿与固定义齿咬合重建治疗后,患者均主观感觉良好、临床症状改善、咀嚼效率增加,差异显著(P<0.01)。固定义齿咬合重建组患者较垫式可摘局部义齿咬合重建组患者主观感觉更好,咀嚼效率增加更多(P<0.05)。有颞下颌关节病症状的患者咬合重建后症状均有改善,两种咬合重建方法间未见明显差异。结论:垫式可摘局部义齿与固定义齿咬合重建治疗均能一定程度恢复牙列重度磨耗伴缺损老年患者的口颌功能,改善颞下颌关节病症状。采用固定义齿进行咬合重建治疗更具有美观、舒适、提高咀嚼效率的作用。