Central fat predicts deterioration of insulin secretion index and fasting glycaemia: 6-year follow-up of subjects at varying risk of Type 2 diabetes mellitus.

AIMS: To examine the relationships between body composition and changes in fasting glycaemia, and in indices of insulin secretion and insulin action over 6 years in females with a family history of Type 2 diabetes with or without prior gestational diabetes ('at risk' group, AR) and control females (control group, C). METHODS: At baseline and at follow-up, an oral glucose tolerance test and dual energy X-ray absorptiometry assessment of body composition were performed. Indices of insulin resistance (HOMA R') and insulin secretion (HOMA beta') were obtained from fasting insulin and glucose concentrations. RESULTS: At baseline, the groups were similar for age, body mass index, fasting levels of plasma glucose and insulin, HOMA R' and HOMA beta'. Despite similar total body fatness, AR had significantly greater waist circumference and central fat (both P < 0.02) compared with C. At follow-up there was a significant increase in central adiposity only in AR, and the fasting plasma glucose (FPG) level was higher in AR compared with C (5.0 +/- 0.2 vs. 4.3 +/- 0.2 mmol/l, P = 0.02). This rise in plasma glucose in AR was related to a decline in HOMA beta' (r = 0.45, P = 0.0065). Both the baseline and the increments in total and central abdominal fat mass were associated with the time-related decline in HOMA beta'. CONCLUSIONS: Six years after initial assessment, AR showed deterioration in FPG levels due predominantly to a decline in insulin secretion index without major change in insulin resistance index. Importantly, baseline body fatness (especially central adiposity), as well as increases in fatness with time, were the major predictors of the subsequent decline of insulin secretion index and the consequent rise in FPG.     

Survivin和bFGF在胃癌及肠化生组织中的表达及其与胃癌血管生成的关系

目的探讨Survivin和bFGF在胃癌及肠化生组织中的表达及其与胃癌血管生成的关系,为胃癌的诊断、治疗及预后判断提供依据。方法应用免疫组化S-P法检测44例胃癌组织、22例肠化生组织和10例正常胃黏膜组织中的Survivin、bFGF的表达和MVD值,分析Survivin、bFGF表达、MVD值与临床病理因素间的关系。结果在44例胃癌组织、22例肠化生组织和10例正常胃黏膜组织中Survivin、bFGF和MVD3种标记物在3组组织之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在胃癌组织中Survivin、bFGF表达及MVD值均与肿瘤浸润深度、淋巴结转移、TNM分期有关(P<0.05)。胃癌组织中Survivin和bF-GF表达与MVD值均有相关性(P<0.05)。胃癌组织中Survivin和bFGF两者均阳性组中MVD值与两者均阴性组相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论胃癌组中Survivin、bFGF的表达均与MVD值有明显相关性,bFGF和Survivin的表达共同促进胃癌血管的生成。联合检测Survivin、bFGF和MVD有助于对胃癌的病理分级、恶性程度判定和预后判断。     

基于形状因子分析的重叠细胞自动判别技术研究

重叠细胞的判别在细胞计数和参数测量中有非常重要的意义.本文根据重叠细胞的形态特征,提出根据形状因子来判断细胞是否重叠.首先研究了形状因子的计算方法,对重叠细胞形状因子的阈值P0进行了探讨和实验,得出P0=0.5:当PE≤P0,认为目标存在细胞重叠;PE＞P0,认为目标不存在细胞重叠.实验结果证明本技术能检测出不同形状的重叠细胞,准确率为95%.     

儿童髓母细胞瘤中ERBB-2的表达

目的:探讨ERBB-2在儿童髓母细胞中的表达及临床意义.方法:用免疫组织化学LSAB法检测84例获随访的儿童髓母细胞瘤中的ERBB-2表达,按术后生存期3、5、10年分为A、B、C三组.使用Cox回归统计分析.结果:84例儿童髓母细胞瘤中,ERBB-2阳性表达72例(85.71%),A、B、C三组间ERBB-2阳性表达分别为100%,88.9%,40%(P＜0.01),Cox回归分析显示ERBB-2是影响生存时间的一个独立的预后因子,它与预后存在负相关关系.结论:ERBB-2表达水平可作为儿童髓母细胞瘤的预后指标之一.     

Bax，Bcl-2在非小细胞肺癌中的表达相关性研究

目的 研究Bax，Bel-2在人类非小细胞肺癌中的表达及其相关性。方法 应用免疫组织化学（S—P法）检测80例非小细胞肺癌组织标本和40例肺良性病变组织中Bax，Bcl-2的表达水平。结果 ①非小细胞肺癌组织中Bax，Bel-2表达水平分别为63．8％，51．2％，二者表达均与组织学类型无关；②Bax，Bel-2在非小细胞肺癌中表达呈负相关。结论 Bax，Bel-2共同参与细胞凋亡，促进非小细胞肺癌的发生发展。     

Inflammatory biomarkers in blood of patients with acute brain ischemia

Although many failed surrogate markers are provided in the literature, inflammation may contribute to the outcome of ischemic stroke. In 50 consecutive patients with acute ischemic stroke, in the absence of symptoms and signs of concomitant infection, we evaluated a panel of biomarkers reported to be variably associated with brain ischemia, and correlate their serum level with the brain lesion volume and clinical outcome. Infarct size was calculated on computed tomography (CT) scans by means of the Cavalieri's method. Neurological impairment was scored by using the Glasgow Coma Scale, Glasgow Outcome Scale and National Institutes of Health (NIH) scales at stroke onset and 3-month follow-up. Some markers showed a direct significant correlation with both initial and final NIH scale and with infarct size, particularly tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) (P=0.002), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (P<0.01) and matrix metalloproteinase-2/9 (P=0.001). In contrast to previous reports, interleukin-6 (IL-6) serum level showed a significant inverse correlation with both final neurological impairment and infarct size (P<0.001). This novel finding allows us suggesting that IL-6, in the context of a complex pro-inflammatory network occurring during stroke, is associated with neuroprotection rather than neurotoxicity in patients with ischemic brain injury.     

脑囊虫病患者血清和脑脊液IL-6和SIL-2R的水平及其与癫痫发作的关系

目的测定脑囊虫病患者血清和脑脊液IL-6和SIL-2R水平,并探讨其与癫痫发作的关系。方法应用双抗体夹心ELISA法测定45例脑囊虫病患者和43例对照组患者血清和脑脊液IL-6利SIL-2R的水平,其中脑囊虫病组又分为癫痫组(23例)和非癫痫组(22例),分别进行了比较分析。结果脑囊虫病组血清SIL-2R水平明显高于对照组(P<0.05);而IL-6水平与对照组比较无显著性差异(P>0.05)。脑囊虫病组脑脊液SIL-2R和IL-6水平均较对照组低(P<0.01,P<0.05);脑囊虫病组血清SIL-2R和IL-6水平与脑脊液SIL-2R和IL-6水平均呈正相关(r=0.322,P<0.05;r=0.768,P<0.01)。脑囊虫病癫痫组血清SIL-2R和IL-6水平与非癫痫组比较均无显著性差异(P>0.05);而脑脊液SIL-2R和IL-6水平癫痫组明显高于非癫痫组(P<0.01)。结论脑囊虫病患者外周血和中枢神经系统存在免疫激活,且SIL-2R和IL-6可能参与了癫痫发生过程。     

表皮生长因子改善移植小肠黏膜屏障功能的实验研究

目的了解表皮生长因子(epidermalgrowthfactor,EGF)对移植小肠通透性及细菌易位的作用。方法以Wistar大鼠为供体,SD大鼠为受体行异位全小肠移植,并以环孢素A(CsA,6mg.kg-1.d-1,im)抑制排斥反应。表皮生长因子组(EGF组)用微量输液泵持续均匀输入EGF200μg.kg-1.d-1;对照组输入等量生理盐水。第7天以乳果糖及甘露醇行移植肠灌注并收集尿液行高效液相色谱仪分析乳果糖及甘露醇含量,第8天采集移植肠系膜淋巴结及门静脉血行细菌培养。结果对照组尿液中乳果糖含量[(0.093±0.008)vs(0.015±0.002),P=0.0001]及乳果糖/甘露醇比值[(0.132±0.021)vs(0.020±0.005),P=0.0001]明显高于基准,EGF组乳果糖含量[(0.043±0.008)vs(0.015±0.002),P=0.0054]及乳果糖/甘露醇比值[(0.060±0.017)vs(0.020±0.005),P=0.0029]也较基准增加,EGF组乳果糖含量[(0.043±0.008)vs(0.093±0.008),P=0.0067)及乳果糖/甘露醇比值[(0.060±0.017)vs(0.132±0.021),P=0.0116]显著低于对照组。EGF组移植肠系膜淋巴结细菌阳性率为10%,对照组阳性率为60%,明显高于EGF组(P=0.028)。EGF组与对照组门静脉血培养阳性率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论本研究提示EGF能够降低同种移植小肠的通透性及细菌易位率,改善肠黏膜屏障功能。     

骨髓基质干细胞和神经生长因子悬液移植对脊髓损伤修复的影响

目的研究骨髓基质干细胞(BMSCs)移植联用神经生长因子(NGF)对脊髓损伤修复的治疗作用。方法用改良Allen法制成SD大鼠脊髓损伤动物模型(共32只),1周后分别将DMEM、BMSCs、NGF和BMSCs NGF移植入脊髓损伤部位即制成四组(每组8只),移植1、2个月后分别采用神经核蛋白(NeuN)抗体、胶质纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)抗体和神经丝蛋白(NF)抗体进行免疫荧光染色观察移植的BMSCs的存活及分化情况、损伤部位神经纤维的再生情况。HE染色观察脊髓损伤处空洞面积的改变情况。同时采用BBB运动评分观察大鼠运动功能恢复情况。结果移植1、2个月后,部分移植细胞呈NeuN和GFAP阳性,同时实验组可见明显的神经纤维再生。脊髓损伤处的空洞面积明显减小,差异有显著性意义(P＜0．05),BBB评分结果比对照组均有明显增高,差异有显著性意义(P＜0．05)。在BMSCs NGF组上述改变更加显著。结论BMSCs可在脊髓损伤处分化为神经元和神经胶质细胞,BMSCs和NGF能够减小脊髓损伤处的空洞面积,促进受损轴突的再生和运动功能的恢复,两者联合应用在脊髓损伤修复治疗中具有协同作用。