正常儿童心脏轻度杂音与瓣膜返流的临床观察

目的:探讨正常儿童心脏轻度杂音与瓣膜返流的相关性。方法:选取2003年9月~2005年12月该辖区8所小学6~12岁24322例学生进行健康体检跟踪观察。杂音组:67例心脏听诊轻度杂音。对照组:50例心脏听诊无杂音,均行心电图、心脏超声、心肌酶检查。结果:正常儿童心脏轻度杂音发生率0·28%(67/24322)。轻度杂音与三尖瓣轻度返流高度相关。随年龄增加逐步改善。结论:正常儿童心脏轻度杂音与三尖瓣膜返流高度相关,随年龄增加逐步改善。属良性改变。     

Late onset X-linked hydrocephalus with normal cerebrospinal fluid pressure

A family with X-linked hydrocephalus with normal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure and in which three brothers and a grandson of case 1, a proband, were affected is reported. The symptoms at onset were epileptic attacks that started in adulthood in the three brothers and at the age of 6 years in the grandson. In the three brothers, from 10 to 27 years after the onset of epileptic episodes, disorganization of intelligence and psychiatric deterioration were gradually noticed by their families. At the same time, they showed occasional urinary incontinence. Brain computed tomography (CT) scans revealed dilatation of the ventricular systems. Based on the results of the measurement of CSF pressure and radioactive-iodinated human serum albumin (RISA)-cysternography, two of the brothers were diagnosed as having normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH), and they were treated neurosurgically. However, no obvious improvement in clinical symptoms was observed. Although the grandson had shown normal psychomotor development during his early childhood, temporal epilepsy and temper tantrums started at the age of 6 years. Computed tomography-scanning revealed dilatation of the ventricular system similar to the other three cases at the age of 8 years. With the diagnosis of NPH, the patient underwent a shunt operation, which resulted in no obvious effects. As it is reasonable to surmise that the pathological gene would have been transferred via the daughter of the proband to the grandson, it is suggested that the inheritance manner might be X-linked recessive. The cases presented here are different from the cases of hydrocephalus due to stenosis of the aqueduct Sylvius (HSAS) and other types of X-linked hydrocephalus reported previously in terms of the age of onset, course, symptoms, and CT findings. Thus, it is suggested that the present cases might be a new type of X-linked hydrocephalus.     

正态分布定量指标统计分析报表的SAS宏程序

为规范临床试验数据管理，简化程序并减少数据统计分析过程中的错误来源，我们编制了一些特定的SAS宏程序，可以直接输出临床试验正态分布的定量指标统计分析报表。     

特发性正常颅压性脑积水(iNPH)患者认知障碍特征的临床分析

 目的   对特发性正常颅压性脑积水(idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus,iNPH)患者的认知障碍特征进行临床分析,为临床诊疗提供依据。方法  通过多个量表评价23例诊断为疑似iNPH患者的认知功能,对照组为15例性别年龄匹配、经磁共振明确无脑积水表现的病例。采用简易精神状态检查量表评价总体认知功能,Stroop色词测验评估执行功能,听觉词语学习测验评估学习和记忆功能,数字广度测验评估注意功能,改良Rankin量表和日常生活活动能力量表评价整体生活能力。结果   本研究中iNPH患者(iNPH组)的简易精神状态检查量表评分［21.00 (11.00~25.00)］较对照组［28.00(26.00～29.00)］显著下降(P＜0.01);Stroop色词测验中卡片A所耗秒数［59.60(33.60～97.70)］较对照组［32.00 (26.00~39.00)］显著延长(P=0.04),卡片A正确个数［50.00 (46.00～50.00)］较对照组(均为50个)显著下降(P=0.02),完成卡片B所耗秒数［106.00(59.20～227.60)］较对照组［46.00 (37.00~50.00)］显著延长(P＜0.01),完成卡片A及B总耗秒数［177.70(90.00～279.40)］较对照组［75.00 (72.00~89.00)］显著延长(P＜0.01),完成卡片C所耗平均秒数［206.60(99.50～237.10)］较对照组［88.00 (70.00~120.00)］显著延长(P=0.01);听觉词语学习测验中短延迟回忆平均个数,iNPH组(4.18±2.89)较对照组(6.29±2.14)显著下降(P=0.04),长延迟回忆个数［3.50(3.00～5.00)］较对照组［7.00 (6.00~9.00)］显著下降(P=0.01),线索回忆个数［1.50(0.00～4.00)］较对照组［5.50 (3.00~9.50)］显著下降(P=0.02),平均回忆总个数(即前5次回忆个数之和)［15.00(11.00～23.00)］较对照组［24.00 (20.00~37.00)］显著下降(P=0.04);数字广度测验中倒背得分(3.04±2.12)较对照组(4.15±0.99)显著下降(P=0.03);改良Rankin评分［3.00 (2.00~4.00)］较对照组(均为0分)显著增高(P＜0.01);ADL评分［85.00(70.00～95.00)］较对照组(均为100分)显著下降(P＜0.01)。结论  iNPH患者存在认知功能下降,表现为执行功能障碍、记忆损害、注意损害及日常生活能力下降。     

Serum insulin‐like growth factor (IGF)‐I and IGF binding protein‐3 in relation to terminal duct lobular unit involution of the normal breast in Caucasian and African American women: The Susan G. Komen Tissue Bank

Lesser degrees of terminal duct lobular unit (TDLU) involution, as reflected by higher numbers of TDLUs and acini/TDLU, are associated with elevated breast cancer risk. In rodent models, the insulin‐like growth factor (IGF) system regulates involution of the mammary gland. We examined associations of circulating IGF measures with TDLU involution in normal breast tissues among women without precancerous lesions. Among 715 Caucasian and 283 African American (AA) women who donated normal breast tissue samples to the Komen Tissue Bank between 2009 and 2012 (75% premenopausal), serum concentrations of IGF‐I and binding protein (IGFBP)‐3 were quantified using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Hematoxilyn and eosin‐stained tissue sections were assessed for numbers of TDLUs (“TDLU count”). Zero‐inflated Poisson regression models with a robust variance estimator were used to estimate relative risks (RRs) for association of IGF measures (tertiles) with TDLU count by race and menopausal status, adjusting for potential confounders. AA (vs. Caucasian) women had higher age‐adjusted mean levels of serum IGF‐I (137 vs. 131 ng/mL, p = 0.07) and lower levels of IGFBP‐3 (4165 vs. 4684 ng/mL, p < 0.0001). Postmenopausal IGFBP‐3 was inversely associated with TDLU count among AA (RR_T3vs.T1 = 0.49, 95% CI = 0.28–0.84, p‐trend = 0.04) and Caucasian (RR_T3vs.T1=0.64, 95% CI = 0.42–0.98, p‐trend = 0.04) women. In premenopausal women, higher IGF‐I:IGFBP‐3 ratios were associated with higher TDLU count in Caucasian (RR_T3vs.T1=1.33, 95% CI = 1.02–1.75, p‐trend = 0.04), but not in AA (RR_T3vs.T1=0.65, 95% CI = 0.42–1.00, p‐trend = 0.05), women. Our data suggest a role of the IGF system, particularly IGFBP‐3, in TDLU involution of the normal breast, a breast cancer risk factor, among Caucasian and AA women.     

不同采血管以及标本存放时间对神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)检测结果的影响

目的:探讨不同采血管及标本存放时间对神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)检测结果的影响.方法:选取保定市第二中心医院2017年10月健康体检者80人,空腹采静脉血,每个体检者均采集普通管4管和肝素管4管,用罗氏601全自动电化学发光免疫分析仪测定两管NSE水平.肝素管和普通管离心的时间分别为1、2、4、24 h.用罗氏601...     

三物白散整体水平抗肿瘤免疫正相调节效应研究

目的在整体水平上研究三物白散抗肿瘤过程中免疫正相调节效应。方法建立小鼠腋下移植性肿瘤模型,三物白散设大、中、小3个剂量组,另设1个正常对照组(生理盐水组)和一个阳性药组(5-氟尿嘧啶组),用药8 d后,摘取皮下瘤块、胸腺、脾脏,称其质量,计算抑瘤率、脾脏指数、胸腺指数,另摘眼球采血取血清,用放射免疫检测法检测荷瘤鼠血清中IL-2I、L-4表达。结果与正常对照组相比,用药组的体内抑瘤率均有显著差异(P<0.01);三物白散各组的胸腺、脾脏质量与正常对照组无明显差异,5-Fu组胸腺、脾脏质量与正常对照组相比差异显著(P<0.05);与正常对照组相比,三物白散各剂量组IL-2水平升高(P<0.01),IL-4水平下降(P<0.05)。结论三物白散在整体水平上具有确切的抗肿瘤免疫正相调节作用。      

353例正常高值血压人群中医证候分规律调查研究

目的：通过流行病学调查方法分析正常高值血压人群的中医证候分布规律。方法：对353例正常高值血压病患者进行横断面调查,采用Excel作为数据录入系统,采用SPSS16．0统计软件进行数据分析。结果：353例正常高值血压人群病位主要在肝、脾、肾;中医证素分布主要为痰湿、血瘀、阴虚、阳亢、气滞等;中医证型分布主要为肝’肾阴虚、痰瘀互结、肝气郁结;实证以痰瘀互结为主,虚证以肝肾阴虚为主。结论：正常高值血压病机性质属本虚标实,以阴虚为本,阳亢为标,瘀血贯穿始终。