瓣膜病合并肝功能不全患者的体外循环管理

目的 回顾52例瓣膜病变合并肝功能不全的行瓣膜置换术的患者，总结体外循环(CPB)经验。方法 CPB采取中度低温，保持较高的灌注压力。预充液加入白蛋白。心肌保护用高钾含血停搏液灌注。结果 结果CPB时间50～135min，主动脉阻断23～98min，心脏自动复跳率94％，无全心辅助和左心辅助，围术期死亡6人。结论 术中加强心肌保护的同时重视肝保护，可减轻术后心功能衰竭和肝功能衰竭，降低并发症和死亡率。     

外加磁场对半乳糖化白蛋白磁性阿霉素纳米粒在大鼠体内分布影响的研究

目的观察半乳糖化白蛋白磁性阿霉素纳米粒(ADR-GHMN)在正常肝脏中的靶向性,并观察ADR-GHMN在全身各脏器的分布特征及外加磁场对其分布的影响.方法大鼠正中开腹,肝动脉插管并固定,肝动脉注射125I-ADR-GHMN(相当于阿霉素0.5 mg/kg),左外叶加磁场,磁场应用30 min,移去磁场后,动物立即处死;对照组:肝动脉注射ADR-GHMN,左外叶不加磁场,30min后,移去磁场后,动物立即处死,立即取靶区肝、非靶区肝、肾、心、肺、小肠、脾及周围血作γ计数.肝组织作病理切片.结果注入的纳米粒75～85%分布于肝脏,其它脏器极少.病理切片显示磁区小动脉见大量纳米粒存在,对照组及非磁区肝中纳米粒很少见.结论ADR-GHMN在正常肝组织中有明显的磁靶向性;在磁场作用下,ADR-GHMN主要分布于肝脏,其它脏器含量很少;试验组肾、心、肺、小肠、脾及外周血于对照组的放射活性比较明显降低,表明磁性物质的存在使这些脏器的相对药物暴露明显减少.     

抗结核药物致药物性肝病208例临床分析

目的　分析总结抗结核药物致药物性肝病的情况 ,提高本病的诊断治疗水平。　方法　回顾性调查 1994～ 2 0 0 3年抗结核药物致药物性肝病 176例 ,并分析 10年来每年的发病率、变迁及临床情况。　结果　含异烟肼、利福平、吡嗪酰胺的抗结核治疗方案致本病的发病率是 2 16% ,10年来每年的发病率在逐年增加 ,平均发病时间是68 98d ,1月内发病的占 68 71% ,2个月内的占 80 2 9% ;2 0 8例中无症状者占 43 75 % ,有症状者占 5 6 2 5 % ,治疗前后ALT、AST、TBIL相比差异有显著性 (P <0 0 1)。　结论　抗核药物治疗结核病时应重视本病 ,治疗期间应定期监测肝功能     

超声造影诊断肝孤立性坏死结节的价值

目的:探讨超声造影诊断肝孤立性坏死结节的价值。材料和方法:回顾分析了12例肝孤立性坏死结节的超声造影表现。结果:12例病灶造影动脉期、门脉期、实质期均无增强,呈边界清晰的造影剂充盈缺损区。结论:超声造影对诊断肝孤立性坏死结节具有较高的价值。目的:探讨超声造影诊断肝孤立性坏死结节的价值。材料和方法:回顾分析了12例肝孤立性坏死结节的超声造影表现。结果:12例病灶造影动脉期、门脉期、实质期均无增强,呈边界清晰的造影剂充盈缺损区。结论:超声造影对诊断肝孤立性坏死结节具有较高的价值。     

射频消融治疗肝肿瘤315例报告

目的总结1999年6月至2003年8月用射频消融（radiofrequency ablation，RFA）治疗315例肝肿瘤病人的病例资料，探索RFA治疗肝肿瘤近远期疗效。方法采用了一次定位、多点穿刺，RFA联合肝动脉栓塞（TAE）、选择性门静脉栓塞（SPVE）治疗直径5～13cm的大肝癌，及经皮经肺经膈肌RFA治疗膈顶部肝癌。结果总并发症发生率为5．1％，无一例住院期间死亡。AFP阳性的169例肝癌病人中，RFA后有124例（73．6％）明显降低，其中有95例（56．2％）转阴。半年生存率为89．5％，1年生存率为80．1％，18个月生存率为61．4％，24个月生存率为48．3％，〉36个月生存率为35．6％。结论采用TAE、SPVE及RFA一次定位多点穿刺法治疗无手术切除指征的中晚期（含大肝癌）的病人，疗效明显，总并发症发生率低。     

Malignancies following long-term azathioprine treatment in chronic liver disease

ABSTRACT— One hundred and fifty-four patients with histologically verified nonalcoholic chronic liver disease were randomized to azathioprine or prednisone treatment. After a median of 91 months observation time, the cause of death was assessed retrospectively. Autopsy was performed in 82% of 71 deaths. In the azathioprine group 33% (13/39) died from malignant neoplasia, and in the prednisone group (13%) (4/32) (p = 0.08). Considering a possible fatal outcome as a consequence of treatment, this finding urges caution in the long-term application of azathioprine at the usual dose level.     

Spontaneous Regression of Budd-Chiari Syndrome (Hepatic Venous Occlusion) in a Young Female

ABSTRACT. Hultcrantz R, Angelin B, Einarsson K, Friman L (Departments of Internal Medicine and Roentgenology, Serafimer Hospital, and Department of Internal Medicine, Huddinge University Hospital, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden). Spontaneous regression of Budd-Chiari syndrome (hepatic venous occlusion) in a young female. Acta Med Scand 1987; 221:503–7. A case of occlusion of the hepatic veins in an 18-year-old girl is presented. The onset was sudden with massive ascites and markedly impaired general condition. The diagnosis was based on liver biopsy and angiograms of the caval and hepatic veins as well as of the celiac artery. No predisposing factors could be found. The patient was treated conservatively with laparo-centesis and diuretics. Clear improvement was seen after two weeks, and after four weeks she had no ascites and could be discharged. All liver function tests were then normalized. After three months, all diuretics could be withdrawn, and in the following 11 years she has remained completely recovered. The case illustrates that also widespread thrombi of the hepatic veins may sometimes rapidly dissolve spontaneously, with apparent total reconstitution of hepatic function. This case is unusual since previously reported cases have had high mortality rates and, in surviving cases, operative procedures or large doses of diuretics have been required to control the ascites.     

Alveolar hydatid disease of the liver: Brief review and spectrum of adjacent organ invasion

The purpose of this study is to show the spectrum of adjacent organ invasion and to make a brief review of hepatic alveolar hydatid disease (AHD), using CT and MR imaging. We retrospectively reviewed CT and MR images of three patients with various adjacent organ invasions surgically and histologically proven to be AHD. Local invasion to right kidney and adrenal, right hemidiaphragm and lung were detected in one patient, right adrenal in another patient and gall bladder, duodenum, gastric wall and pancreas invasion in the other. AHD may rarely extend to the gall bladder, stomach, duodenum, pancreas, right adrenal and kidney, diaphragm, pleura and lung. The extension of the disease outside the liver is usually encountered in patients with large, peripherally located masses in the advanced stage of the disease.     

冻存保护剂在肝细胞冻存中的研究进展

生物人工肝和肝细胞移植技术需要建立肝细胞库以提供大量具有高度活性和良好功能的肝细胞.肝细胞冻存技术的研究成为实现这一目标的关键,而对冻存保护剂的研究则是肝细胞冻存技术取得突破的主要方向,此文就近些年来国内外肝细胞冻存领域中冻存保护剂的研究进展进行了综述.