Prevalence and treatment of chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura of childhood in Sweden

The frequency and treatment of children with chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura in Sweden were characterized using a national enquiry based on a questionnaire. Seventy-five children diagnosed as having chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura on 1 September 1993 were identified. The prevalence in children between 0.5 and 15.5 years of age was calculated to be 4.6/100 000. The median age at the time of diagnosis was 5 years and the male/female ratio was 1:1.2. Almost half of the patients (43%) were not treated at all during the disease. Steroids (43%) and intravenous immunoglobulin (25%) were most commonly used. Only two children were splenectomized.     

重组干扰素α—2a治疗病毒性中枢神经系统感染前后体液干扰素水平变化

目的探讨病毒性中枢神经系统感染时，血液和脑脊液干扰素（IFN）变化情况。方法70例患者应用重组干扰素α-2a（rHuIFNα-2a）治疗，采用微量细胞病变抑制法测定血液和脑脊液IFN.结果治疗前血液IFN测定阳性率为84.3％（59／70），平均含量为8.4IU／ml，治疗后2／小时内IFN均呈阳性，平均含量升至26.8IU／ml（P＜0.01）;脑脊液IFN变化轻微，阳性率由61.4％（43／70）升至74.3％（52／70），平均含量由9.IIU／ml升至11.3IU／ml（P＞0.05）。结论在炎症情况下，IFN分布受血脑屏障影响，临床用药时应予重视。     

COMPARATIVE OBSERVATION ON CURATIVE EFFECT OF POSTOPERATIVE SYMPTOMS OF THE CLOSED CRANIOCEREBRAL INJURY TREATED BY ACUPUNCTURE

Theincidenceofcraniocerebralinjuryisveryhighatpresent.Trafficaccident,violenceandindustrialinjuryarethemainreasonsofthedisease.Besidesthecorrespondingsymptomsofcontusionand1acerationofbrain,subduralhematoma,extraduralhematomaandintracere-bralhematomamayoccuratthesametime.Thepatientswilldieiftheyarenotoperatedintime.However,theexacerbationofcerebralfunctioncausedbyoperativemechanicalstimulationcannotbeavoided.Therefore,therehabilitationofcraniocerebralinjuryisverycomplicatedanddif-ficult,andne…     

特发性弥漫性肺间质纤维化13例治疗报告

13例特发性肺纤维化(IPF),临床以进行性呼吸困难、干咳、杵状指及Velcro's罗音为突出表现。全部采用中西医结合治疗,并与单纯西医治疗(自身前后)对照,分别观察治疗前后主症积分变化、血气分析、肺功能变化和治疗期间感冒次数。结果发现中西医结合在改善动脉血氧分压和肺通气功能方面优于后者,而且前者具有自觉症状好转明显而持久,复发率明显减少,能明显延长患者的带病生存时间和提高患者的生活质量等优点。     

Accelerated fractionation in esophageal cancers: A multivariate analysis on 88 patients

: Accelerated fractionation was used to shorten overall treatment time to increase locoregional control and cause-specific survival.

: Eighty-eight patients with cancer of the esophagus ineligible for surgery were entered in the study between 1986 and 1993. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy was given to 64% of patients. Accelerated radiotherapy using the concomitant boost technique delivered a median dose of 65 Gy in a median overall treatment time of 32 days.

: The 3-year acturial local control rate in patients with T1, T2, and T3 tumors was 71%, 42%,and 33%, respectively. The 3-year cause-specific survival rates were 40%, 22%, and 6%, respectively. Sixteen percent of patients experienced Grafe 3 esophagitis. Late toxicity included esophageal stenosis and pulmonary fibrosis in 8% and 9% of the patients, respectively. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that T stage and overall treatment time were prognostic factors for cause-specific survival. T stage and neoadjuvant chemotherapy were independent prognostic factors for locoregional control.

: These findings suggest that accelerated giben in an overall treatment time of <35 days might be beneficial for easy-stage cancer of the esophagus. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is not recommended, as it was a significant adverse prognostic factor in the multivariate analysis for local control. Accelerated fractionation can be carried out with modeate acure and late toxicity.     

外耳道腺样囊性癌(附11例报告)

外耳道晚样囊性癌较为少见，从1978年至l993年我院共收治11例，其中男4例，女7例，平均45．6岁。本文对其临床特点、诊断和治疗方法进行了分析。指出首次根治性手术非常重要。术后放疗可降低其复发率，放疗还可缓解由肿瘤引起的疼痛。     

原发性肝癌52例临床分析

1986年6月～1996年1月共收治原发性肝癌52例。年龄26～68岁。HBsAg阳性率为72．3％，AFP阳性率为57．4％。病理类型：肝细胞癌47例，胆管细胞癌4例，混合型肝癌1例。所有病例均行剖腹探查，切除14例，占26．9％，其中局部切除7例。切除者的1、2、3年生存率分别为46．2％、44．4％、33．3％。未切除者38例，行姑息性外科治疗，其1、2、3年生存率分别为18．9％、11．8％、3．3％。我们认为：B超检查是肝癌诊断中最常用、最有效的办法。肝癌局部切除代替肝叶切除，能提高手术切除率，降低手术死亡率，而不影响疗效。     

安宫牛黄丸配合西药治疗重型颅脑损伤78例

安宫牛黄丸配合西药治疗重型颅脑损伤７８例应月初，郑益明１９９０～１９９５年在西医常规治疗下加用安宫牛黄丸治疗重型极重型颅脑损伤患者７８例，结果疗效显著提高，现报道如下。临床资料治疗组７８例中男５４例，女２４例，年龄２～７５岁，平均３６．３岁；致伤原因...     

儿童桡尺骨远端骨折背侧移位的损伤机制及治疗手法的探讨

总结了儿童桡尺骨远端骨折背侧移位９４例患者，利用回旋或折顶手法复位小夹板外固定，经８个月～５年的随访观察，效果满意。观察认为，扭转应力及成角应力皆可导致此类损伤，但不同创伤机制所导致的此类损伤的具体解剖不同，必须逆损伤机制，采取相应的手法复位才能获得满意的疗效。建议把儿童桡尺骨远端骨折背侧移位作为桡尺骨骨折的一种特殊类型独立出来，以引起重视，便于治疗     

急性上消化道出血112例临床疗效分析

采用国家中医药管理局颁布的《中医血证治疗常规》治疗急性上消化道出血112例，取得了较好疗效，总有效率达94．6％。进行了证和疗效，原发病和疗效，病情程度和疗关系的分析。说明中医血证治疗效常规在临床实践中是切实可行的。