Cortical Atrophy Predicts Visual Performance in Long-Term Central Retinal Disease; GCL,pRNFL and Cortical Thickness Are Key Biomarkers

PurposeThe aim of this study was to assess both retinal and cortical structure in a cohort of patients with long-term acquired central retinal disease in order to identify potential disease biomarkers and to explore the relationship between the anterior and posterior visual pathways.MethodsFourteen participants diagnosed with long-term central retinal disease underwent structural assessments of the retina using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography, including macular ganglion cell layer (GCL) and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) thickness. Structural magnetic resonance imaging was used to measure visual cortex, including cortical volume of the entire occipital lobe and cortical thickness of the occipital pole and calcarine sulcus, representing the central and peripheral retina, respectively.ResultsMean thickness was significantly reduced in both the macular GCL and the inferior temporal pRNFL across patients. Cortical thickness was significantly reduced in both the occipital pole and calcarine sulcus, representing the central and peripheral retina, respectively. Disease duration significantly correlated with GCL thickness with a large effect size, whereas a medium effect size suggests the possibility that cortical thickness in the occipital pole may correlate with visual acuity.ConclusionsLong-term central retinal disease is associated with significant structural changes to both the retina and the brain. Exploratory analysis suggests that monitoring GCL thickness may be a sensitive biomarker of disease progression and reductions in visual cortical thickness may be associated with reduced visual acuity. Although this study is limited by its heterogeneous population, larger cohort studies would be needed to better establish some of the relationships detected between disease dependent structural properties of the anterior and posterior visual pathway given the effect sizes reported in our exploratory analysis.     

Grape seed powder increases gastrointestinal motility

Grape seed is an important natural bioactive product with various health benefits. Interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs) are pacemaker cells in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The present study investigated the effects of grape seed powder (GSP) on ICC properties and GI motility. GSP depolarized the pacemaker potentials of ICCs in a dose‑dependent manner. Y25130 or SB269970 slightly inhibited GSP‑induced effects. However, Y25130 and SB269970 together completely blocked GSP-induced effects. In the presence of inhibitors of protein kinase C, protein kinase A, or mitogen-activated protein kinase, GSP‑induced ICC depolarization was inhibited. GSP increased the intestinal transit rate in normal mice and in mice with acetic acid-induced GI motility disorder. In addition, the levels of motilin and substance P were elevated after GSP dosing. These results demonstrate that GSP can regulate GI motility, and therefore, it is a potential therapeutic agent for treating GI motility disorders.     

Midterm survival of imaging-assisted robotic lung segmentectomy for non-small-cell lung cancer

Open in a separate window OBJECTIVESOur goal was to report our midterm results using imaging-assisted modalities with robotic segmentectomies for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).METHODSThis was a retrospective study of all robotic segmentectomies, with confirmed NSCLC, performed at our general and thoracic surgery unit in the Rouen University Hospital (France), from January 2012 through December 2019. Benign and metastatic lesions were excluded. Data were extracted from the EPITHOR French nationwide database.RESULTSA total of 121 robotic segmentectomies were performed for 118 patients with a median age of 65 (interquartile range: 60, 69) years. The majority had clinical stage T1aN0M0 (71.9%) or T1bN0M0 (13.2%). The mean (standard deviation) number of resected segments was 1.93 (1.09) with 80.2% imaging-assisted segmentectomies. Oriented (according to tumour location) or systematic lymphadenectomy or sampling was performed for 72.7%, 23.1% and 4.1% of patients. The postoperative course was uneventful for 94 patients (77.7%), whereas 34 complications occurred for 27 patients (22.3%), including 2 patients (1.7%) with Clavien-Dindo ≥III complications. The mean thoracic drainage duration was 4.12 days, and the median hospital stay was 4 days (interquartile range: 3, 5) after the operation. The 2-year survival rate was 93.9% (95% confidence interval: 86.4–97.8%). Excluding stage IV (n = 3) and stage 0 tumours (n = 6), the 2-year survival rate was 95.7% (95% confidence interval: 88.4–98.8%) compared to an expected survival rate of 94.0% according to stage-specific survival rates found in a large external reference cohort.CONCLUSIONSImaging-guided robotic-assisted thoracic surgery segmentectomy seems to be useful and oncological with good midterm results, especially for patients with early-stage NSCLC.     

皮肤鳞状细胞癌组织微 RNA-103a-2-5p、钙黏附蛋白 11表达及其临床意义

目的分析皮肤鳞状细胞癌组织中微 RNA-103a-2-5p(miR-103a-2-5p)和钙黏附蛋白 11(CDH11)的表达水平,探讨二者在临床研究中的意义。方法选取 2017年 1月至 2019年 6月宝鸡市人民医院诊治的 98例皮肤鳞状细胞癌病人为研究对象,收集病人术中切除的癌组织及癌旁正常组织。采用实时荧光定量 PCR(qRT-PCR)法检测组织中 miR-103a-2-5p的表达水平。采用酶联免疫吸附(ELISA)法检测 CDH11表达水平。 TargetScanHuman网站预测 miR-103a-2-5p与 CDH11的靶向关系; Pearson相关性分析癌组织中 miR-103a-2-5p和 CDH11水平的关系; Kaplan-Meier生存曲线分析 miR-103a-2-5p、CDH11表达与皮肤鳞状细胞癌病人预后的关系;影响皮肤鳞状细胞癌病人预后的因素采用 Cox回归分析;受试者操作特征曲线(ROC曲线)分析 miR-103a-2-5p和 CDH11的表达对皮肤鳞状细胞癌的诊断价值。结果与癌旁正常组织［1.03±0.12,(5.06±1.43)μg/L］相比,皮肤鳞状细胞癌组织 miR-103a-2-5p表达水平(1.46±0.38)显著升高(P<0.05),CDH11表达水平［(2.96±0.62)μg/L］明显降低(P<0.05); TargetScanHuman网址预测 miR-103a-2-5p与 CDH11间存在结合位点;经 Pearson相关性分析, miR-103a-2-5p与 CDH11水平呈负相关( P<0.05);两者均与病人病理分级、 TNM分期、淋巴结转移、侵袭程度相关(P<0.05); miR-103a-2-5p高表达组和 CDH11低表达组复发率显著高于 miR-103a-2-5p低表达组和 CDH11高表达组(P<0.05); TNM分期、淋巴结转移、 miR-103a-2-5p是影响病人预后的危险因素(P<0.05)CDH11是影响病人预后的保护因素(P<0.05); miR-103a-2-5p、CDH11二者联合诊断皮肤鳞状细胞癌的 ROC曲线下面积(AUC)0.836,显著优于其各自单独诊断(P=0.018、0.021)。结论皮肤鳞状细胞癌病人 miR-103a-2-5p表达水平升高, 为,     

立体定向放射治疗在寡转移性非小细胞肺癌治疗中的联合应用

寡转移性非小细胞肺癌( NSCLC)不同于广泛转移的晚期 NSCLC,针对寡转移灶局部治疗可获得潜在治愈的可能。立体定向放射治疗( SBRT)作为有效的局部治疗手段,联合化疗、络氨酸激酶抑制剂( TKIs)、免疫检查点抑制剂( ICIs)、抗血管生成等可以为晚期 NSCLC病人带来生存获益。该文回顾了 SBRT在寡转移性 NSCLC的研究,从 SBRT对寡转移性 NSCLC的治疗效果、 SBRT联合 TKIs和 SBRT联合 ICIs的临床研究进展展开综述。     

外周血中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值变化对非小细胞肺癌放疗近期疗效的预测价值

目的:外周血中白细胞的成分和计数不仅可以反映肿瘤微环境的炎症反应,还被认为是潜在有意义的肿瘤预后指标.本研究旨在评估晚期非小细胞肺癌患者胸部放疗对外周血淋巴细胞计数的影响,并分析放疗后中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值变化对近期疗效的预测价值.方法:回顾性分析了自2017年1月1日～2018年9月1日在山东第一医科大学第三附属医...     

低剂量辐射对Lewis肺癌小鼠肿瘤微环境的影响

目的 探讨低剂量辐射(LDR)对Lewis肺癌小鼠肿瘤微环境(TME)的影响,以及高剂量辐射(HDR)前LDR预处理在TME中发挥的效应机制.方法 接种Lewis肺癌细胞(1×106)于雄性C57BL/6小鼠左侧腋下,待小鼠肿瘤直径1 cm左右(12 d),随机分为假手术Sham(1)组、LDR(2)组、HDR(3)组...     

Wait Times and Survival in Lung Cancer Patients across the Province of Quebec,Canada

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide, with a five-year survival of 22% in Canada. Guidelines recommend rapid evaluation of patients with suspected lung cancer, but the impact on survival remains unclear. We reviewed medical records of all patients with newly diagnosed lung cancer in four hospital networks across the province of Quebec, Canada, between 1 February and 30 April 2017. Patients were followed for 3 years. Wait times for diagnosis and treatment were collected, and survival analysis using a Cox regression model was conducted. We included 1309 patients, of whom 39% had stage IV non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Median wait times were, in general, significantly shorter in patients with stage III–IV NSCLC or SCLC. Surgery was associated with delays compared to other types of treatments. Median survival was 12.9 (11.1–15.7) months. The multivariate survival model included age, female sex, performance status, histology and stage, treatment, and the time interval between diagnosis and treatment. Longer wait times had a slightly protective to neutral effect on survival, but this was not significant in the stage I–II NSCLC subgroup. Wait times for the diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer were generally within targets. The shorter wait times observed for advanced NSCLC and SCLC might indicate a tendency for clinicians to act quicker on sicker patients. This study did not demonstrate the detrimental effect of longer wait times on survival.     

Quercetin improves contrast-induced acute kidney injury through the HIF-1α/lncRNA NEAT1/HMGB1 pathway

ContextThe risk of contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) is increasing and the harm is great. Quercetin is the main active component in Abelmoschus manihot (L.) Medik (Malvaceae) and was reported to reduce the expression of HIF-1α.ObjectiveWe investigate whether quercetin improves the CI-AKI through the HIF-1α/lncRNA NEAT1/HMGB1 pathway.Materials and methodsHK-2 cells were treated with iohexol (200 mg/mL) for 6 h to establish a CI-AKI model. Quercetin (20 μM) was administered to CI-AKI cells cultured in dishes for 24 h. Cell morphology was observed by a fluorescence microscope. MTT and TUNEL assays were used to detect cell survival rate and apoptosis. Relative mRNA levels were measured by qRT-PCR. Protein levels were detected using western blotting. IL-6 and TNF-α protein levels were tested by Elisa assay. Targeting binding sites of HIF-1α and lncRNA NEAT1 were detected by luciferase assay.ResultsThe IC₅₀ value of quercetin was 163.25 μM. The expression levels of HIF-1α, lncRNA NEAT1 and HMGB1 were upregulated in the CI-AKI cell model. Quercetin diminished cell injury and apoptosis via inhibiting HIF-1α. Silencing of HIF-1α targeting lncRNA MEAT1 diminished cell injury and apoptosis. Silencing lncRNA NEAT1 has the same effect via suppressing HMGB1 expression. Collectively, quercetin diminished cell injury and apoptosis in CI-AKI cell model via the inhibition of HIF-1α on lncRNA NEAT1/HMGB1 signalling pathway.Discussion and conclusionsQuercetin diminished cell injury and apoptosis in CI-AKI cell mode via the inhibition of HIF-1α on the lncRNA NEAT1/HMGB1 signalling pathway, offering a potential novel therapeutic target for CI-AKI therapy.