联合应用化疗药物对三氧化二砷耐药白血病细胞的毒性实验研究

目的:探讨化疗药物联合应用对三氧化二砷(As2O3)耐药白血病细胞(K562/AS2)的毒性作用。方法:细胞毒实验采用MTT法,二药合用时细胞毒性作用采用ChouTalalay联合指数法分析,细胞表面P糖蛋白(Pgp)和细胞内柔红霉素(DNR)浓度测定采用流式细胞术测定。结果:K562/AS2细胞对三氧化二砷、柔红霉素、鬼臼乙叉苷(VP16)、三尖杉酯碱(H)、米托蒽醌(NVT)和阿糖胞苷(AraC)的耐药倍数分别为7.4、2.9、3.8、3.6、2.8和1.1。K562细胞和K562/AS2细胞的细胞表面Pgp或细胞内任意荧光强度无显著的统计学意义(P>0.05)。As2O3与DNR、VP16、H或NVT联合应用时,对K562、K562/AS2和Pgp表达的白血病细胞(K562/A02)细胞的联合指数均大于1。异搏定与DNR联合应用时,对K562和K562/AS2细胞的联合指数均大于1,但是对K562/A02细胞的联合指数均小于1。结论:K562/AS2细胞对As2O3、DNR、VP16和NVT耐药,其机制与Pgp表达无关。异搏定联合应用DNR可以逆转K562/A02对DNR的耐药性,不能逆转DNR对As2O3耐药细胞的耐药性。As2O3与DN、VP16、H和NVT联合应用时,对K562、K562/AS2和K562/A02细胞的毒性均为拮抗作用。     

新型农村合作医疗建立及对农村居民健康保障研究

合作医疗已成为上海农村的基本医疗保险制度。调查表明，合作医疗制度覆盖人群广，参保人群门诊就医及“小病”的就医基本得到保障。文章提出，建立新型合作医疗制度，政府必须制订刚性的政策，提高基金的缴费标准，加强对定点医院及就医者的管理，并建立区、市住院基金统筹制度，提高合作医疗基金的社会化、信息化的管理水平，提高合作医疗的保障水平。     

GeneFiex IN用于第一、二代宫内节育器失败者176例临床研究

目的了解第三代IUD(吉妮)在育龄妇女避孕过程中的使用效果。方法对以往使用第一、二代IUD失败者176例采用第三代IUD(吉妮)避孕进行疗效观察、随访。结果术后随访6个月,终止2例,无自然脱落、带器妊娠以及宫外孕发生。结论吉妮环适用于安置第一代、第二代IUD的失败者。     

利用基因芯片技术研究乌头碱抗KBV200细胞耐药机制

目的采用基因芯片技术研究乌头碱抗KBV200细胞耐药机制。方法提取乌头碱12.5μg/mL用药组和对照组KBV200细胞的RNA,进行cDNA微阵列分析。结果整张基因芯片5504个基因克隆,其中用药前高表达基因208个,占克隆总数的3.8%,用药后高表达基因196个,占3.6%。用药前后细胞凋亡相关基因、CDKS家族、SMADS家族、MAPK信号转导系统等的基因发生变化。结论乌头碱可能通过影响细胞凋亡相关基因和影响MAPK信号转导系统等机制,最后作用于Mdr1基因的表达,从而起到抗耐药作用。     

中草药专属性对照物质的研究

目的 :建立中草药专属性对照物质 (CSPD)用于其基原鉴定。方法 :选择具有代表性的 3种中草药 ,采用规范化的程序获取其专属性CSPD ;通过对不同来源的同种中草药CSPD的¹H-NMR图谱的比较分析 ,并对各中草药CSPD化学成分的分离和结构鉴定 ,实现对其整体化学组成的表达。结果 :3种具有代表性的中草药的CSPD的¹H-NMR图谱均有高度的特征性和重现性 ,并主要显示各中草药特征性成分的共振信号 ,与各中草药的基原严格相关。结论 :按照本研究操作程序 ,可以获得对多数中草药具有鉴别意义的专属性CSPD ,作为对其基原鉴定的参考。     

辨经施治治疗顽固性头痛

目的:运用辨经施治,指导用针刺治疗头痛的作用.方法:远道取穴,耳穴贴.72例.结果:总有效率95.83%.显著23.6%,痊愈43.06.结论:辨经施治,针刺,耳穴贴,效果明显.     

The value of the number-needed-to-treat method in antiepileptic drug trials

PURPOSE: There is controversy between clinicians and statisticians on the appropriateness of the number needed to treat (NNT) as a summary statistic to report the effectiveness of a treatment. We examine the two viewpoints and make proposals concerning the reporting of clinical trial results. METHODS: In the context of antiepileptic treatments, we explain the two different viewpoints and illustrate the use of the odds ratio, relative risk, absolute difference, and NNT on the results of randomized clinical trials with topiramate (TPM). Special attention is paid to the use of these summary statistics in meta-analyses. Here, the NNT is the expected number of patients one would need to treat to achieve a single occurrence of a specified good outcome (e.g., 50% reduction in seizure rate) in comparison to no (or placebo) treatment. RESULTS: Although the NNT is readily interpretable in some instances, it exhibits undesirable statistical behavior in other cases. In particular, confidence intervals for the NNT may split into two intervals and extend to positive and negative infinity when treatment efficacy is not clearly established by the data. Meta-analyses cannot be sensibly conducted directly on the NNT scale. CONCLUSIONS: Although other measures, such as the odds ratio, have been more commonly used in the context of meta-analyses, clinicians prefer the NNT because it gives them a clearer clinical interpretation of the effectiveness of a (new) treatment. On the other hand, statisticians do not recognize the value of the NNT, as it has undesirable statistical properties. Some reconciliation between the two views could be achieved when the clinicians acknowledge the weak aspects of the NNT and when statisticians realize that statistical appropriateness is not the same as clinical relevance. It is suggested that the NNT be used as a secondary reporting tool not on an equal footing with the classic scales.     

Storage temperatures of medications on an air medical helicopter

INTRODUCTION: The safety and efficacy of medications stored on air medical helicopters may be adversely affected by extreme temperatures. The purpose of this study was to determine whether temperatures inside an air medical helicopter drug box were within the U.S. Pharmacopeia recommendations for controlled room temperature. This is defined as a temperature between 15 degrees and 30 degrees C (59 degrees and 86 degrees F) with a mean kinetic temperature of less than 25 degrees C (77 degrees F). An additional goal was to determine whether time/temperature indicator labels can reliably monitor mean kinetic temperatures. METHODS: Temperatures were monitored with miniature electronic temperature recorders and color-changing time/temperature indicator labels. RESULTS: The mean kinetic temperatures for the summer and winter periods were 25.1 degrees C (77.2 degrees F) and 12.7 degrees C (54.8 degrees F), respectively. In the summer, the electronic recorders logged temperatures exceeding 25 degrees C (59 degrees F) 37% of the time and more than 30 degrees C (86 degrees F) 6% of the time. In the winter, temperatures less than 15 degrees C (59 degrees F) were recorded 83% of the time. The mean kinetic temperatures obtained from the electronic recorder and the time/temperature indicator labels differed by less than 0.7 degree C (1.3 degrees F). The results show that medications on an air medical helicopter are subject to temperatures out of the recommended range and that time/temperature indicator labels can reliably monitor mean kinetic temperatures.     

Firebird冠脉涂膜支架系统生物学安全性评价研究

依据国家标准GB/T16175-1996,选择10项试验对Firebird冠脉涂膜支架系统进行生物学安全性评价[1],结果表明该支架系统的血液相容性良好,无全身毒性和细胞毒性,无热源性、致敏性、刺激性,也无遗传毒性,组织相容性尚可,是一种生物相容性优良的Firebird冠脉涂膜支架系统.     

肌电图报告系统与Key Point肌电图仪连接的实现

介绍肌电图报告系统与Key Point肌电图仪连接的实现方法,报告的内容与形式及临床应用.