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81.
Patient participation in pro re nata medication in psychiatric inpatient settings: An integrative review
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Kirsi Hipp MNSc RN Lauri Kuosmanen PhD RN FEANS Eila Repo‐Tiihonen MD PhD Minna Leinonen MSc Olavi Louheranta PhD ThM Mari Kangasniemi PhD RN 《International journal of mental health nursing》2018,27(2):536-554
Pro re nata (PRN) medication is widely used and studied in psychiatric care, but our knowledge about patient participation in its administration is fragmented. The aim of this integrative review was to describe and synthesize previous knowledge of patient participation in PRN in psychiatric inpatient settings. We conducted both electronic and manual searches, using the CINAHL, Scopus, PsycINFO, and PubMed databases, and eight scientific journals. Searches were limited to the English language, to the years 2006–2016, and to selected papers using inclusion, exclusion, and quality criteria. We identified 16 relevant papers, and these showed that patient participation included patient‐related starting points, including the patients’ willingness to participate and their knowledge of the medication. The patients’ participation in PRN practices was demonstrated by the opportunity to request PRN and to refuse any PRN that was offered. Patient participation was shown to be linked to certain situations where PRN was recommended. The role that the professionals played in patient participation included interacting with patients, providing counselling and alternatives for PRN. Our results also revealed that coercion was used administering PRN. The existing literature exposed challenges that need to be addressed if patient participation in the use of PRN medication is to be effectively achieved in psychiatric inpatient settings. Equal partnerships between patients, nurses, and physicians are an essential part of this process, and further research into PRN medication is urgently needed, particularly studies that focus on patients’ experiences. 相似文献
82.
Andrew M. Ryan Ph.D. James F. Burgess Ph.D. Jr. Michael F. Pesko Ph.D. William B. Borden M.D. M.P.H. Justin B. Dimick M.D. M.P.H. 《Health services research》2015,50(1):81-97
Objective
To evaluate the impact of hospital value-based purchasing (HVBP) on clinical quality and patient experience during its initial implementation period (July 2011–March 2012).Data Sources
Hospital-level clinical quality and patient experience data from Hospital Compare from up to 5 years before and three quarters after HVBP was initiated.Study Design
Acute care hospitals were exposed to HVBP by mandate while critical access hospitals and hospitals located in Maryland were not exposed. We performed a difference-in-differences analysis, comparing performance on 12 incentivized clinical process and 8 incentivized patient experience measures between hospitals exposed to the program and a matched comparison group of nonexposed hospitals. We also evaluated whether hospitals that were ultimately exposed to HVBP may have anticipated the program by improving quality in advance of its introduction.Principal Findings
Difference-in-differences estimates indicated that hospitals that were exposed to HVBP did not show greater improvement for either the clinical process or patient experience measures during the program''s first implementation period. Estimates from our preferred specification showed that HVBP was associated with a 0.51 percentage point reduction in composite quality for the clinical process measures (p > .10, 95 percent CI: −1.37, 0.34) and a 0.30 percentage point reduction in composite quality for the patient experience measures (p > .10, 95 percent CI: −0.79, 0.19). We found some evidence that hospitals improved performance on clinical process measures prior to the start of HVBP, but no evidence of this phenomenon for the patient experience measures.Conclusions
The timing of the financial incentives in HVBP was not associated with improved quality of care. It is unclear whether improvement for the clinical process measures prior to the start of HVBP was driven by the expectation of the program or was the result of other factors. 相似文献83.
Julia Adler‐Milstein Ph.D. Jordan Everson M.P.P. Shoou‐Yih D. Lee Ph.D. 《Health services research》2015,50(6):1751-1771
Objective
To assess whether, 5 years into the HITECH programs, national data reflect a consistent relationship between EHR adoption and hospital outcomes across three important dimensions of hospital performance.Data Sources/Study Setting
Secondary data from the American Hospital Association and CMS (Hospital Compare and EHR Incentive Programs) for nonfederal, acute‐care hospitals (2009–2012).Study Design
We examined the relationship between EHR adoption and three hospital outcomes (process adherence, patient satisfaction, efficiency) using ordinary least squares models with hospital fixed effects. Time‐related effects were assessed through comparing the impact of EHR adoption pre (2008/2009) versus post (2010/2011) meaningful use and by meaningful use attestation cohort (2011, 2012, 2013, Never). We used a continuous measure of hospital EHR adoption based on the proportion of electronic functions implemented.Data Collection/Extraction Methods
We created a panel dataset with hospital‐year observations.Principal Findings
Higher levels of EHR adoption were associated with better performance on process adherence (0.147; p < .001) and patient satisfaction (0.118; p < .001), but not efficiency (0.01; p = .78). For all three outcomes, there was a stronger, positive relationship between EHR adoption and performance in 2010/2011 compared to 2008/2009. We found mixed results based on meaningful use attestation cohort.Conclusions
Performance gains associated with EHR adoption are apparent in more recent years. The large national investment in EHRs appears to be delivering more consistent benefits than indicated by earlier national studies. 相似文献84.
为解决医疗费用过快上涨、医保对供方行为约束不足、基金运行风险加剧等问题,人力资源和社会保障部等要求在统筹地区开展以总额控制为主的医保支付方式改革.总额控制对城市大型公立医院的经营管理产生了较大的影响.按照总额控制政策,提出3个层面的转型策略.在发展战略方面,转变增长方式,发挥医联体作用,增强辐射能力;在业务管理方面,确保医疗质量和安全,落实临床路径,优化服务流程;在行政管理方面,强化成本控制,加强信息化建设,转变管理职能. 相似文献
85.
Andrew D Boyd Young Min Yang Jianrong Li Colleen Kenost Mike D Burton Bryan Becker Yves A Lussier 《J Am Med Inform Assoc》2015,22(1):19-28
Reporting of hospital adverse events relies on Patient Safety Indicators (PSIs) using International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Edition, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) codes. The US transition to ICD-10-CM in 2015 could result in erroneous comparisons of PSIs. Using the General Equivalent Mappings (GEMs), we compared the accuracy of ICD-9-CM coded PSIs against recommended ICD-10-CM codes from the Centers for Medicaid/Medicare Services (CMS). We further predict their impact in a cohort of 38 644 patients (1 446 581 visits and 399 hospitals). We compared the predicted results to the published PSI related ICD-10-CM diagnosis codes. We provide the first report of substantial hospital safety reporting errors with five direct comparisons from the 23 types of PSIs (transfusion and anesthesia related PSIs). One PSI was excluded from the comparison between code sets due to reorganization, while 15 additional PSIs were inaccurate to a lesser degree due to the complexity of the coding translation. The ICD-10-CM translations proposed by CMS pose impending risks for (1) comparing safety incidents, (2) inflating the number of PSIs, and (3) increasing the variability of calculations attributable to the abundance of coding system translations. Ethical organizations addressing ‘data-, process-, and system-focused’ improvements could be penalized using the new ICD-10-CM Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality PSIs because of apparent increases in PSIs bearing the same PSI identifier and label, yet calculated differently. Here we investigate which PSIs would reliably transition between ICD-9-CM and ICD-10-CM, and those at risk of under-reporting and over-reporting adverse events while the frequency of these adverse events remain unchanged. 相似文献
86.
Christina A. White Marshall R. Jones Melanie K. Kuester Kelly L. Myers Barbara A. Schnarr 《Hospital pharmacy》2015,50(5):370-375
Purpose:
To establish a cost-effective centralized pharmacy call center to serve the patients of Veterans Integrated Service Network (VISN) 11 that would meet established performance metrics.Methods:
A pilot project began in August 2011 with the Indianapolis VA Medical Center (VAMC) and the Health Resource Center (HRC) in Topeka, Kansas. The Indianapolis VAMC used a first-call resolution business model consisting of pharmacy technicians receiving tier 1 phone calls that could be escalated to a tier 2 line that consisted of lead technicians and pharmacists, while the HRC utilized general telephone agents that would transfer unresolved calls to the primary facility. Pre- and post-VISN 11 Pharmacy Call Center performance metrics were compared for each of the 7 facilities in the network with the goals being monthly average abandoned call rate less than 5% and average speed to answer less than 30 seconds. Cost per call was also compared.Results:
The average abandoned call rate for the network during the year prior to VISN 11 Pharmacy Call Center implementation (August 2010-July 2011) was 15.66% and decreased to 3% in July 2014. The average abandoned call rate decreased for each individual facility. In fiscal year 2014, the VISN 11 Pharmacy Call Center was operating at a cost of $4.35 per call while providing more services than the HRC, resulting in less workload being transferred back to the individual facilities.Conclusion:
A centralized VISN pharmacy call center is a reasonable alternative to individual facility call centers or the HRC. 相似文献87.
88.
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90.
目的分析新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情期间武汉方舱医院供应药品的品种,为方舱医院药物遴选及合理用药提供参考。方法以武汉市东西湖方舱医院为样本医院,系统分析该样本医院的药品目录,对比方舱医院实际供应药品目录与推荐目录的差异,分析药品的剂型和给药途径。结果样本方舱医院共供应114种药品,有35种药品是超出推荐目录范围内的药品;现有药品中,药品剂型以注射液(41种,占35.96%)和片剂(33种,占28.95%)为主,给药方式以口服(54种,占47.37%)和注射(51种,占44.74%)为主,药物剂型和给药途径均较集中。结论方舱医院的药学服务应注重口服给药的药物相互作用和注射给药的配伍禁忌,临床使用时应加强监护。 相似文献