A Morphometric Study of the Semicircular Canals Using Micro‐CT Images in Three‐Dimensional Reconstruction

It is generally accepted that the three semicircular canals are set at right angles to each other and the lateral semicircular canal is smaller than the anterior and posterior semicircular canals. Precise knowledge of the size and spatial relationships of the semicircular canals is vital, and so the 40 petrous parts of the temporal bones were scanned by micro‐CT at a slice thickness of 35 µm. The micro‐CT images were used in reconstructing three‐dimensional models of the bony labyrinth using computer software. Various dimensions of the semicircular canals were measured using the software, and statistical analysis was performed. The anterior semicircular canal was slightly wider than the posterior semicircular canal, and their heights were similar. The radius of curvature of the lateral semicircular canal was 20% smaller than those of the anterior and posterior semicircular canals. The angles between the three canals were not exactly 90 degrees: they were 92.1, 84.4, and 86.2 degrees between the anterior and posterior, anterior and lateral, and posterior and lateral semicircular canals, respectively. We obtained high‐resolution images of the semicircular canals using three‐dimensional reconstruction software, and these were used to precisely measure the angles between the semicircular canals and the area of the distorted circle formed by each semicircular canal. Anat Rec, 296:834–839, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Metastasis germinomas of the external acoustic meatus: in a 19-year-boy: a case report

Background: The external acoustic meatus metastasis of germinomas is a rare event. Case presentation: we describe a 19-year-old boy with stuffiness and earplug of the left ear but no other symptoms. The whole body F-18 FDG PET/CT and the brain MRI are performed and demonstrated a germinoma in the pineal gland and vermis cerebellum region and in the right of thalamus. Photomicrograph showing marked infiltration of lymphoplasma cells and macrophages including giant cells. Immunohistochemical analysis results demonstrated the tumor cells are strongly positive for CD117 and PLAP. The final diagnosis was germinoma and all adjuvant therapy was achieved. Conclusion: Although the external acoustic meatus metastasis of germinomas is rare, the diagnosis should be taken into serious consideration in order to improve. In addition, F-18 FDG PET/CT was very useful in diagnosis primary disease and excluding distant metastases. To our knowledge, this is the first published report of this type of case.     

唇腭裂患者上颌窦状况的CBCT评价

目的:使用锥形束CT(CBCT)对唇腭裂患者上颌窦状况进行分析。方法:对四川大学华西口腔医院2012年1～6月收治的用CBCT确诊为唇腭裂的患者进行研究,观察其上颌窦情况并分析。结果:唇腭裂患者上颌窦病变发生率为78.1%。根据病变不同的影像学表现可分为黏膜增厚型(51.3%),粘液囊肿型(19.3%)及积液型(22.7%)。上颌窦黏膜增厚的平均厚度为2.40 mm;粘液囊肿的平均最大径为7.60 mm。上颌窦病变可发生于单侧上颌窦,也可双侧同时发生。结论:CBCT作为一种实用有效的影像学检查,在对患者唇腭裂状况评价的同时,也可以准确地判断唇腭裂患者上颌窦情况。     

锥形束CT诊断颌面部异物1例

<正>张口受限为颌面外科的常见疾患,但颌面部异物引起张口受限多为个案报道[1-3]。准确定位异物位置及其形状大小,是外科手术取出异物,保证手术成功的关键。锥形束CT(cone beam computed tomography,CBCT)因其独特的三维成像特点,可以精确定位,更好地引导外科手术的顺利进行[4-6]。现对我院收治的1例颌面部异物引起的张口受限患者的临床资料进行报道,并结合文献回顾对CBCT在颌面异物诊断中的应用价值进行讨论。     

影像学在口腔种植中的应用进展

20世纪80年代以来,口腔种植逐步发展成为牙列缺损或缺失的一种重要修复方法,与之密切相关的影像学技术也得到了相应发展。口腔种植中的影像学应用主要包括测量设计,确定种植体直径、长度和植入位置．制定治疗计划;制作手术导板,将术前规划准确地转移到实际操作中,简化手术过程;术后随访评估。临床上与口腔种植学密切相关的影像学检查方法主要包括根尖片（periapical radiograph）、曲面体层摄影（panoramic tomographv）、电子计算机体层摄影（computed tomography,CT）和口腔颌面部锥形束CT（cone—beam computed tomography,CBCT）。本文对口腔种植领域中常用影像学方法尤其是CBCT的应用进行综述。     

Postoperative fluid collections after colon resection: the utility of clinical assessment

Background

Computed tomography (CT) scans often identify postoperative fluid collections of uncertain clinical relevance.

Methods

Consecutive adult patients undergoing colorectal resection and postoperative CT scan from January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2008, at a university teaching hospital were identified from a prospective database. A host of clinical and CT findings were recorded. Fisher's exact test and logistic regression with univariate and multivariate analysis were used to assess the predictive value of clinical and radiologic variables.

Results

Nine hundred six patients had a colon resection during the study period. Fifty-four patients had a postoperative fluid collection, of which 36 were found to be abscesses. Only high clinical suspicion of an abscess predicted the presence of an abscess (P = .009); of the radiologic criteria, only proximity to the anastomosis was predictive (P = .05).

Conclusions

Clinical judgment is superior to radiologic and individual clinical parameters. This finding has the potential to prevent many unnecessary procedures.     

Plexus Injury after Reduction of Anterior Caudal Dislocation of the Shoulder

The case is reported of a 45-year-old male patient who fell when his ladder slipped away from underneath him. He sustained a bilateral dislocation of the shoulders (bilateral luxatio erecta humeri). The injury on one hand was a glenohumeral dislocation of the humerus head right to ventral and caudal, accompanied by a suspected fracture of the tuberculum major and on the other hand a glenohumeral dislocation of the left humerus head to ventral and caudal, accompanied by a suspected total collum fracture. Based on this case and the pertinent literature, the patho-physiology, diagnosis and treatment of this rare injury are discussed.

After immediate closed reduction, soft tissue damage, fractures or neurovascular lesions should be operated on as soon as possible.