复方红芪减方对周围神经再生影响的实验研究

目的　研究复方红芪提取液进行减方后对周围神经再生的作用。方法　建立钳夹损伤大鼠双侧坐骨神经的动物模型。按术后每日灌服药物的不同将 40只SD雄性大鼠随机均分为 4组。对照组 :灌服生理盐水 ;复方红芪组 :灌服复方红芪提取液 2ml ;减方组 :灌服复方红芪减方后提取液 2ml;补阳还五汤组 :灌服补阳还五汤 2ml。术后 2周及 4周 ,观察坐骨神经功能指数、运动神经传导速度及单位视野有髓神经纤维计数。结果　坐骨神经功能指数 :红芪组和减方组与对照组、红芪组与减方组的差异均有显著意义 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,且减方组优于红芪组 (P >0 .0 5 )。有髓神经纤维计数 :复方红芪组优于对照组 (P<0 0 1) ,减方组明显优于对照组 (P <0 .0 1) ,而红芪组与减方组间无显著差异。运动神经传导速度 :红芪组、减方组、补阳还五汤组与对照组相比 ,均优于对照组 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,但前 3组间无明显差异。结论　复方红芪减方提取液早期可以促进周围神经再生 ,药效更为专一 ,且优于传统方剂补阳还五汤。     

羧基化多壁碳纳米管修饰电极伏安法测定多巴胺

目的 :研究用羧基化多壁碳纳米管修饰电极伏安法测定痕量多巴胺 (DA)的效果。方法 :采用涂布法制成羧基化多壁碳纳米管修饰电极 ;在pH =5 .4的KH2 PO4 Na2 HPO4缓冲溶液中 ,采用该修饰电极伏安法测定DA。结果 :该修饰电极对DA有着显著的电催化作用 ,与裸玻碳电极相比较 ,其灵敏度大大提高 ,在2 .0× 10 -7～ 6 .0× 10 -4mol/L浓度范围内 ,DA的氧化峰电流与浓度成良好的线性关系 ,检测限为 5 .0× 10 -8mol/L。将该修饰电极用于盐酸多巴胺针剂的测定 ,相对平均偏差为 1.4 % ,平均回收率为 99.2 %。结论 :该修饰电极响应快 ,灵敏度高 ,稳定性好 ,寿命长 ,适合于具有电活性生物分子的测定     

Analysis of Intestinal Perfusion Data for Highly Permeable Drugs Using a Numerical Aqueous Resistance—Nonlinear Regression Method

Purpose. To develop, validate and apply a method for analyzing the intestinal perfusion data of highly permeable compounds using the Numerical Aqueous Resistance (NAR) theory and nonlinear regression (NAR-NLR) and to compare the results with the well-established Modified Boundary Layer (MBL) Analysis. Methods. The NAR-NLR method was validated and the results were compared to the MBL analysis results using previously reported cephradine jejunal perfusion data. Using the Single Pass Intestinal Perfusion (SPIP) method, the concentration dependence of intestinal permeability was investigated for formycin B, proline, and thymidine, three compounds reported to be absorbed by carrier-mediated transport processes. The MBL and NAR-NLR analyses were then applied to the three sets of SPIP data. Results. The results demonstrate that the intrinsic MBL transport parameters were highly variable and, in one case, the analyses failed to give a statistically significant Michaelis constant. The MBL mean dimensionless wall permeabilities (P*_w) were greater than the NAR-NLR P*_w and were also highly variable. In all cases, the NAR-NLR variability was significantly lower than the MBL variability. The extreme variability in the MBL-calculated P*_w is due to the sensitivity of P*_w when the fraction of unabsorbed drug (C_m/C_o) is low or, alternatively, when P*_w approached the aqueous permeability, P*_aq. Conclusions. The NAR-NLR method facilitates the analysis of intestinal perfusion data for highly permeable compounds such as those absorbed by carrier-mediated processes at concentrations below their K_m. The method also allows for the use of a wider range of flow conditions than the MBL analysis resulting in more reliable and less variable estimates of intestinal transport parameters as well as intestinal wall permeabilities.     

改良尿道板重建卷管尿道成形术与尿道板纵切卷管尿道成形术治疗儿童尿道下裂的疗效对比

目的 比较改良尿道板重建卷管尿道成形术（又称Koyanagi术）与尿道板纵切卷管尿道成形术（TIP）在儿童尿道下裂中的临床疗效。方法 回顾性分析2018年1月—2021年10月甘肃省妇幼保健院收治的104例尿道下裂患儿的临床资料,其中53例患儿行改良Koyanagi术（研究组）,51例患儿行TIP（对照组）。两组患儿术后均随访12个月。比较两组手术时间、术中出血量、术后疼痛及排尿功能、手术成功情况,对比两组术后并发症发生情况。结果 两组手术时间、术中出血量比较,差异均无统计学意义（P >0.05）。两组患儿术后4、12、24和48 h的FLACC评分比较,采用重复测量设计的方差分析,结果 ①不同时间点FLACC评分差异有统计学意义（F =10.871,P =0.000）;②研究组与对照组FLACC评分差异无统计学意义（F =1.849,P =0.157）;③研究组与对照组FLACC评分变化趋势差异无统计学意义（F =2.516,P =0.085）。两组患儿术后12个月的最大尿流率、平均尿流率、排尿量、尿流时间、手术成功率比较,差异均无统计学意义（P >0.05）。研究组术后总并发症发生率低于对照组（P <0.05）。结论 改良Koyanagi术与TIP治疗儿童尿道下裂疗效相近,均可获得满意效果,但改良Koyanagi术在降低术后并发症方面具有优势。     

"Necklace olfactory glomeruli" form unique components of the rat primary olfactory system

A distinct subset of rat primary olfactory neurons was identified immunohistochemically by means of a polyclonal antibody against human placental antigen X-P2 (hPAX-P2), an incompletely characterized substance found in all estrogen-biosynthetic organs. The subset of olfactory receptor cells was distributed widely over the olfactory epithelium with some degree of concentration on the dorsocaudal walls of nasal subcavities. The subset formed unique "necklace olfactory glomeruli," which were composed of seven to nine solitary glomeruli located in the caudal end of the olfactory bulb. One of them was located in the "modified glomerular complex" reported to be involved in rat suckling behavior. The projectional patterns of the necklace olfactory system, albeit diffuse, indicated some degree of spatial correspondence between zones of olfactory epithelium and specific glomeruli. Axons emanating from neighboring cells can project to several glomerular loci. From the necklace olfactory system, an average of 150-200 receptor cells were estimated to converge onto a single necklace glomerulus.     

A Preliminary Study of Immunotherapy with a Monomethoxy Polyethylene Glycol Modified Honey Bee Venom Preparation

Monomethoxy polyethylene glycol (mPEG) modified honey bee venom (HBV) immunotherapy (IT) has been studied in 14 patients allergic to honey bee venom. Doses could be increased more rapidly and higher doses were reached compared to regular venom immunotherapy. No general side effects were seen, although large local swellings were found somewhat more often than with regular HBV. Most patients could easily be switched from the modified to the unmodified venom. Eight patients experienced and tolerated field stings. Skin testing showed a decreased allergenicity of the mPEG-HBV. The mean HBV-specific IgE level was below pre-treatment level already after only 6 weeks of IT. The HBV-specific IgG response was very good.     

Modified FMCW system for non-contact sensing of human respiration

Abstract

Small displacement detection capability becomes an important key for developing non-contact sensor for human respiration based on radar system. Frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar has been widely studied and applied for many applications. With respect to the conventional perspective, large bandwidth is needed for detecting the small displacement related to the human respiration. Meanwhile, extracting the respiration pattern from Doppler response has a drawback in identifying the small displacement location. In this paper, the modification on FMCW system was proposed for obtaining the capability in detecting the human respiration and its distance from the radar. Detecting the phase value of the low pass filter (LPF), output from conventional FMCW was investigated and applied as a modification concept. The pattern, rate and amplitude of respiration are extracted from phase detector output. Beat frequency detection is still elaborated for synthesising the reference signal for phase detection. The result shows that the modified FMCW system proposed the capability of detecting the rate and amplitude respiration and location of the target.     

改良单宁酸-氯化铁法媒染子宫血管的实验研究

目的：光镜下观察大鼠子宫各部位血管构筑。方法：应用单宁酸一氯化铁法(TA—Fe法)灌流固定大鼠，取子宫不同位置做冰冻切片，氯化铁显色，常规脱水、透明、封片，显微摄影。结果：子宫壁出现类似电镜负染色效果，组织结构灰黑色，血管双线条状，分支明显，过管壁切面可见内皮细胞或平滑肌；子宫动脉进入肌层分支并形成一、二级血管网和多支环状动脉，环行动脉或二级血管网发出的微动脉和毛细血管进入粘膜，形成密集的三级毛细血管网。结论：经灌流的子宫标本较长时间保存在媒染固定液内，导致血管外结构也被媒染；子宫壁有三级血管网；每个子宫有多支环状动脉；各段子宫血管构筑不尽相同。     

The thymus as primary site for antigen-specific T suppressor cells in neonatally induced tolerance to bovine serum albumin

The ontogeny of antigen-specific T suppressor cells in thymus and spleen was analyzed in CBA/Ca mice which were rendered tolerant as neonates by subimmunogenic doses of bovine serum albumin (low-zone tolerance). Activity of T suppressor cells from those mice was assessed by an assay in which spleen cells from animals primed with fluorescein-conjugated human gamma globulin can be stimulated in vitro to produce IgG anti-fluorescein antibodies when cultured in the presence of fluorescein-conjugated bovine serum albumin. Carrier-specific T suppressor cells appear first in the thymus (day 10), and much later (day 30) in the spleen. The data are discussed in connection with the possible role of T suppressor cells during induction of tolerance in newborn mice.     

羧甲基变性半纤维素对小鼠免疫器官重量的影响

本文报告了羧甲基变性半纤维素(CMMH)对幼鼠及成鼠的胸腺、脾脏重量的影响。初步证明CMMH在一定浓度下不引起兔疫器官——胸腺和脾脏萎缩。该药与环磷酰胺合用时,对环磷酰胺所造成的胸腺、脾脏萎缩无相加、协同或拮抗作用。当成年小鼠接受抗原致敏和攻击后,该药虽能显著影响细胞免疫,但对胸腺和脾脏的重量无明显影响。