Depressive symptoms in amnesic mild cognitive impairment: an FDG-PET/CT study

IntroductionThe detection in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) of metabolic alterations suggestive of depression and/or of evolution to dementia.MethodsSixty-nine MCI patients underwent clinical and imaging evaluation including position emission tomography/computed tomography with fluorodeoxy-glucose (FDG-PET/CT).ResultsThe metabolism mean values in parietal, temporal and pre-cuneus areas were lower in subjects who evolved to dementia, and in frontal and in anterior cingulate areas in depressed subjects. Abnormal metabolism values were higher in the frontal and parietal lobes, and in the precuneus in subjects who evolved to dementia independently from depression.ConclusionsIn MCI FDG-PET/CT abnormality patterns suggest the presence of depression or the evolution to dementia.     

川芎嗪注射液联合补阳还五汤治疗急性脑梗死的效果研究

目的 研究急性脑梗死患者接受川芎嗪注射液联合补阳还五汤的治疗效果。方法 选择医院2018年5月11日—2020年2月18日治疗的100例急性脑梗死患者进行川芎嗪注射液联合补阳还五汤治疗研究,采用电脑随机法分为大剂量组[400 mg川芎嗪注射液+0.9%氯化钠注射液（250 mL）+补阳还五汤]与常规剂量组[80mg川芎嗪注射液+0.9%氯化钠注射液（250 mL）+补阳还五汤],每组各50例急性脑梗死患者,观察血浆黏度、治疗效果、生活质量、凝血功能指标、不良反应、时间指标。结果 治疗后,大剂量组急性脑梗死患者血浆黏度、治疗效果、生活质量、凝血功能指标、时间指标优于常规剂量组急性脑梗死患者,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;治疗后,大剂量组急性脑梗死患者不良反应与常规剂量组急性脑梗死患者组间差异无统计学意义（P> 0.05）。结论 在急性脑梗死患者治疗中采用大剂量川芎嗪注射液联合补阳还五汤治疗方案有效改善患者凝血功能指标与血浆黏度,优化急性脑梗死患者脑部血液循环状况,效果十分显著,在急性脑梗死治疗中应用安全性高。     

腹腔镜与开腹手术治疗老年胆囊炎患者的分析

目的观察在治疗老年急性胆囊炎患者采取开腹手术与腹腔镜手术的治疗效果并分析。方法将2017年1月—2018年9月期间医院收治的74例急性胆囊炎患者采用随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,对照组37例采取开腹手术治疗,观察组37例采取腹腔镜治疗,对比两组治疗效果。结果观察组并发症发生率5.4%、治疗总有效率97.3%优于对照组的24.3%、78.4%,P<0.05。观察组术中出血量(15.7±3.4)mL、手术时间(40.7±4.4)min、住院时间(7.1±1.8)d、术后肠道恢复时间(3.3±1.2)d均低于对照组的(46.4±3.5)mL、(68.6±14.7)min、(12.6±2.3)d、(6.1±1.5)d,P<0.05。观察组躯体疼痛(87.3±0.5)分、总体健康(85.2±1.2)分、精神状况(86.4±1.3)分、社会活动评分(90.2±1.3)分均高于于对照组(78.3±1.2)分、(70.3±10.8)分、(71.3±0.5)分、(75.5±2.1)分,对比有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论腹腔镜手术治疗老年急性胆囊炎患者效果良好,可有效减少患者病程,促进康复和提高生活质量,值得推广。     

75%酒精按摩治疗小儿输液渗漏肿胀的效果观察

目的探讨75%酒精湿润按摩治疗小儿静脉输液局部渗漏肿胀的可行性。方法将67例输液肿胀患儿随机分为实验组和对照组,分别采用75%酒精湿润按摩和50%硫酸镁湿敷进行比较。结果实验组肿胀消退速度优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论75%酒精湿润按摩治疗输液渗漏肿胀,效果显著,经济、实用,患儿和家长易接受。     

口服红藤汤治疗炎性肠梗阻的效果观察

炎性肠梗阻多因腹部手术、炎症、损伤、出血、异物等所致,临床以腹部手术后多见,约占各类肠梗阻的20%～40%[1]。术后疼痛、不愿活动,依赖心理加重,均能引起肠蠕动减慢,肠粘连加重导致肠功能延迟恢复,继而引起炎性肠梗阻。2005年1月～2006年6月我科应用红藤汤口服,缓解炎性肠梗阻的肠功能恢复效果良好。现报告如下。对象和方法研究对象选择2005年1月～2006年6月我科住院急性阑尾炎伴穿孔,胃切除,结、直肠癌手术,胆道术后出现炎性肠梗阻病人40例,其中男22例,女18例,年龄18～39岁,平均28±4.8岁,随机分为实验组和对照组,每组20例。方法实验组及…     

脑AVM血管内栓塞治疗术后的护理

脑动静脉畸形(AVM)是脑实质内的血管在胚胎发育成型过程中受到阻碍,动静脉之间直接交通而形成的先天性疾病.以往传统的方法采用手术切除病灶,近年来,随着介入放射学的兴起,血管内栓塞已成为一种治疗脑AVM新的、独特的首选方法[1],栓塞治疗后的护理是保证栓塞治疗成功的关键,我科2003年1月～2006年5月行脑AVM血管内栓塞治疗共36例,取得较好的治疗效果,现将护理体会总结如下.     

Effectiveness of Scapular Stabilization Versus Non-Stabilization Stretching on Shoulder Range of Motion,a Randomized Clinical Trial

BackgroundPrevious research has demonstrated the benefits of both stabilization and non-stabilization of the scapula during stretching in individuals with posterior shoulder tightness, but limited evidence exists in patients with shoulder pain.Hypothesis/PurposeThe aim of this study was to determine the effect of stabilized scapular stretching on patients with shoulder pain. The primary hypothesis of this study is that stabilized scapular stretching will improve glenohumeral motion and pain compared to non-stabilized stretch program. A secondary hypothesis of this study is that stabilized scapular stretching will produce greater improvement in function compared to the non-stabilized stretching program.Study DesignRandomized Clinical TrialMethodsSixteen patients with sub-acromial pain associated with tendinopathy and associated pathologies presenting to physical therapy were randomized into two groups (stabilized or non-stabilized scapular stretching). Baseline pain and range of motion were measured prior to and following each treatment session for three visits that occurred over the course five to seventeen days depending on the patients availability. The dependent measurements were stabilized horizontal adduction, stabilized internal rotation, stabilized shoulder flexion, non-stabilized shoulder flexion, and current pain level.ResultsPatients in the scapular stabilization stretching group increased horizontal adduction 40° (CI₉₅ 31, 48°) compared to the non-stabilization stretching group increase of 8° (CI₉₅ 0, 17°) over the course of the three treatments (p<0.001). Similarly, the stabilized stretching group increased internal rotation 48° (CI₉₅ 26, 69°) compared to the non-stabilized stretching group increase of 26° (CI₉₅ 4, 48°) (p=0.001). Pain decreased in the stabilized stretching group by 1.4 points (CI₉₅ -0.4, 3.2) but increased slightly in non-stabilized group by -0.5 points (CI₉₅ -2.3, 1.3) which was not a clinically meaningful change. (p=0.03)ConclusionStabilized scapular stretching was more effective than non-stabilized stretching at gaining shoulder mobility in patients with shoulder pain. Benefits were immediate and sustained between treatment sessions. Stretching interventions improved range of motion but had limited effect on shoulder pain.Level of Evidence2     

对胸外科手术患者浅低温综合护理干预的效果评价

目的降低胸外科手术患者浅低温的发生率,提高围术期的护理质量。方法将普通胸外科手术患者各155例分为两组,比较手术患者浅低温综合护理干预的临床效果。对照组为常规护理;实验组采取如下干预方法：恒定室温、冲洗体腔盐水加温、铺垫38℃水循环变温毯、手术裸露部位用不同形状棉毯保护、热空气暖风装置保护体温,并制定手术患者浅低温预防的护理常规、流程、制度。评价指标为：患者年龄、手术时间、切口感染、肺部感染和浅低温发生率。结果两组浅低温发生率分别为57．41％、18．06％;切口感染率分别为8．38％、0．64％;肺部感染率分别为29．67％、5．8％。3项评价指标均有显著性差异（P〈0．01）。结论胸外科围术期患者的体温保护应成为手术室的护理常规,体温保护是提高围术期患者的护理质量、降低术后并发症的重要影响因素,应成为胸外科手术护理不可忽视的重要护理内容。     

Chronic mild stress-induced anhedonia: A realistic animal model of depression

Chronic sequential administration of a variety of mild stressors causes a decrease in responsiveness to rewards in rats, which is reversed by chronic administration of antidepressant drugs. This paper reviews the validity of chronic mild stress-induced anhedonia as an animal model of depression, and the evidence that changes in hedonic responsiveness in this model are mediated by changes in the sensitivity of dopamine D2 receptors in the nucleus accumbens. The review opens with an analysis of the design features of animal models of depression, and ends with a brief account of other animal models of anhedonia.