微量注射泵常见故障及对应解决方案

目的:通过分析史密斯微量注射泵的典型故障,探讨对应解决方案。方法:统计广东省妇幼保健院450台史密斯注射泵故障情况,分析其中3个典型故障,探讨快速维修方法。结果:史密斯注射泵常见故障主要集中在药液不注故障、断电故障和药液残留故障,发生率约占报警故障总量78%。结论:掌握微量注射泵的典型故障可快速修复婴儿辐射保暖台,减少维修费用的支出,更能保障患者得到安全、有效的治疗。     

小鼠精原细胞移植技术的改进

目的 对现有小鼠精原细胞移植技术进行改进,建立更具操作性,易于推广的新方法。方法 分离含绿色荧光蛋白(GFP)的rC57BL6/tg14 (act-EGFO-Osb Y01)小鼠精原细胞作为供体细胞,应用自制的显微注射器将其从睾丸的精子输出管处,以锥虫蓝作为指示剂直接注入野生型预处理C57BL6小鼠精细管内完成移植。应用荧光显微镜观察移植效果并进行组织学分析。结果 移植后受体小鼠睾丸出现绿色荧光信号,组织学检查发现精细管中荧光信号显著高于周围组织,移植的供体小鼠（GFP）的睾丸细胞在受体小鼠睾丸中形成克隆和形成精子,而预处理的野生型小鼠睾丸精细管未发现。结论 含GFP蛋白的rC57BL6/tg14小鼠精原细胞在受体小鼠体内移植成功,此改进方法在简化精原细胞移植技术的同时可保证移植质量。     

基于微信平台的健康指导在不明原因不孕症体外受精/卵胞浆内单精子显微注射技术治疗中的作用探讨

目的探讨基于微信平台的健康指导在不明原因不孕症体外受精(in vitro fertilization,IVF)/卵胞浆内单精子显微注射技术(intracytoplasmic sperm injection,ICSI)治疗中的作用效果。方法以等距随机抽样法将解放军联勤保障部队第901医院2018年1月至2019年1月收治的80例行IVF/ICSI治疗的不明原因不孕症患者分为对照组(常规健康宣教)和观察组(基于微信平台的健康指导),各40例,对两组心理状态评分(焦虑评分、抑郁评分)、Olson婚姻质量评分、Ferti QoL生活质量评分、睡眠质量评分、生育压力评分、血清单胺类神经递质浓度(去甲肾上腺素、多巴胺、5-羟色胺)、优质胚胎率、临床妊娠率、活产率、护理满意度进行对比。结果干预前两组心理状态评分、Olson婚姻质量评分、Ferti QoL生育生活质量评分、睡眠质量评分、生育压力评分、血清单胺类神经递质浓度差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),干预后心理状态评分、睡眠质量评分、生育压力评分较干预前下降,Olson婚姻质量评分、Ferti QoL生活质量评分、血清单胺类神经递质浓度较干预前上升,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),观察组心理状态、睡眠质量评分、生育压力评分低于对照组,Olson婚姻质量评分、Ferti QoL生活质量评分、血清单胺类神经递质浓度高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组护理满意度分别为92.50%、80.00%,观察组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在不明原因不孕症IVF/ICSI治疗中基于微信平台的健康指导有助于进一步改善患者负性心理状态,提高生活质量及婚姻质量,增强疗效并提高活产率,为构建和谐护患关系提供帮助,值得在今后临床工作中推广使用。     

Behavioral and neurochemical effect of daily injection with neurotensin into the ventral tegmental area

Many lines of evidence indicate an excitatory role by neurotensin (NT) on mesolimbic dopamine neurons in the ventral tegmental area (VTA). In support of this postulate, NT microinjection into the VTA of rats produces a dopamine-dependent increase in spontaneous motor activity that is associated with an increase in dopamine metabolism in the nucleus accumbens. In this study it was found that after daily intra-VTA injection with NT, both the motor hyperactivity and increase in dopamine metabolism were significantly enhanced. Further, the increased motor response to NT was present after 7 days without daily administration. While the augmented motor response could be produced with the carboxy-terminal fragment NT8-13, the NH2-terminal fragment, NT1-8, was ineffective. The enhancement of motor activity was only produced by NT injection into the A10 dopamine region and not adjacent nuclei. These results suggest that daily administration with NT into the VTA will potentiate the responsiveness of mesolimbic dopamine neurons to subsequent injection with NT.     

Andrology: Results of 55 intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycles in the treatment of male-immunological infertility

Antisperm antibodies present in the semen can be a primary causeof infertility. If the proportion of spermatozoa carrying antispermantibodies is very high, then usually a poor result ensues instandard in-vitro fertilization. We therefore employed intracytoplasmicsperm injection (ICSI) in 55 cycles (37 patients) where theproportion of antisperm antibody-bound spermatozoa was 80% orhigher, as determined by the mixed antiglobulin reaction (MAR)test. The type and location of antisperm antibodies were determinedby the immunobead test in 30 of the 37 patients. The mean normalfertilization rate was 75.7% in these 55 cycles, which was significantlyhigher than the fertilization rate in another 1767 ICSI cycles(69.2%) performed over the same period and where MAR-negativesemen (the level of antisperm antibodies was <80%) was usedfor microinjection. Embryonic development was comparable, buta higher proportion of poor-quality embryos was obtained withMAR-positive than with MAR-negative semen samples. Out of the55 patients, 53 had embryos replaced (96.4%) and a fetal sacwas detected by ultrasonography in 14 patients (26.4%). Thedata indicate that fertilization, embryo development and pregnancyrates after ICSI are not influenced significantly by the proportionof antisperm antibody-bound spermatozoa, nor by the dominanttype of antibodies present, nor by the location of the antispermantibody on the spermatozoa. The conclusion of this study isthat ICSI should be the primary choice for patients who havehigh numbers of antisperm antibodies present in their semen.     

Induction of muscarinic cholinergic responsiveness inXenopus oocytes by mRNA isolated from rat brain

Microinjection of mRNA from adult rat brains intoXenopus oocytes induced an electrophysiological response to acetylcholine in the cells. The cells responded to acetylcholine through muscarinic receptors which appeared on the cell surface after microinjection of the mRNA and showed the depolarization, mainly due to an increase in membrane permeability to Cl ions. The acetylcholine reaction did not require extracellular Ca ions and was suppressed by pertussis toxin, suggesting the involvement of the inhibitory guanine nucleotide-binding regulatory protein.     

家兔第四脑室注射γ-氨基丁酸对血压的影响

给麻醉兔第四脑室内注射γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)200μg使血压降低,此作用可被荷包牡丹碱(BIC)或印防己毒素(PIC)预处理所拮抗;安定(DZ)50μg有类似GABA的降压效应;单独注射BIC 10μg或PIC 10μg使血压显著升高;切断双侧颈迷走神经后上述血压改变仍然出现,说明激活中枢GABA受体能使血压降低,提示内源性GABA是参与血压调节的一种抑制性递质。     

myc和ras癌基因共整合转基因小鼠的建立

MMTV－H3－c－myc和MMTV－v－Ha－ras癌基因DNA混合显微注射到小鼠受精卵中，并移植到假孕母鼠输卵管内，获得出生后断奶健康小鼠95R（♀55，♂40）。经过斑点杂交显示myc正反应小鼠17只（♀12，♂5），ras正反应小鼠12只（♀7，♂5）。在全部25只癌基因正反应小鼠中，有4只为myc＋ras双重正反应，均为雌性。继续进行Soutnern印迹分析，确认myc正反应小鼠为“建成者”转基因小鼠。许多转基因小鼠发生各种肿瘤。     

Cochlear microinjection and its effects upon auditory function in the guinea pig

Microinjection through the round window membrane has been found to represent a method for vector delivery in intracochlear gene transfer in animal models but breaches the round window membrane, making it necessary to evaluate animals for possible postinjection hearing loss. In the present study healthy guinea pigs were evaluated for their baseline click auditory brainstem response (ABR) thresholds. Each animal was then injected with saline via the round window membrane. After 1 week auditory function was evaluated by click ABR. Animals with increased ABR thresholds were retested at 4 weeks. Animals with 1-week postoperative ABRs similar to baseline were not retested. Results showed that postoperative ABR thresholds in five animals (71%) remained unchanged from baseline, while two animals had increases of 20–¶25 dB in ABRs after 1 week but recovered baseline ABRs after 4 weeks. The mean baseline ABR threshold was ¶25.7 dB and was 27.9 dB after 1 week after injection. The difference between preoperative and 1-week postoperative averages was not significant (P = 0.707). In this preliminary study saline microinjection through the round window membrane did not cause permanent hearing loss in the guinea pigs tested, and any damage caused by microinjection appeared to be reversible.