1,25(OH)2D3干预糖尿病肾病模型大鼠肾脏组织MicroRNA-130b及转化生长因子β1的变化

文题释义： 1,25(OH)₂D3：维生素D3是胆固醇的衍生物,其活性形式有25-羟维生素D3[25(OH)D3]和1,25-二羟维生素D3[1,25(OH)₂D3]两种,其中1,25-二羟维生素D3活性更高。体内的维生素D3无生物活性,它首先在肝脏被25-羟化酶催化为具有一定生物活性的25(OH)D3,然后在肾近端小管1α-羟化酶的催化下生成活性更高的1,25(OH)₂D3,1,25(OH)₂D3在肾脏具有促进肾小管对钙、磷的重吸收,尿钙、磷排出量减少等方面作用。MicroRNA-130b：microRNA(miRNA)是一种内源性小分子RNA,由21-25个核苷酸组成,可通过与靶基因mRNA的3’UTR或者CDS序列配对,促进mRNA的降解或抑制其翻译,从而抑制靶基因的表达,其中MicroRNA-130b与多脏器的多种病变有关,在糖尿病的进程中MicroRNA-130b与早期肾脏损伤具有一定的关系,可能成为糖尿病患者早期肾脏损害以及肾脏损害严重程度的新的生物学标志。 背景：1,25(OH)₂D3在糖尿病肾病的发展过程中发挥着重要调节作用。 目的：探索1,25(OH)₂D3对糖尿病肾病大鼠肾脏组织MicroRNA-130b及转化生长因子β1表达的影响作用。 方法：实验方案经新疆医科大学动物实验中心动物实验伦理委员会批准。将25只清洁级SD大鼠随机分为正常对照组、糖尿病肾病+1,25(OH)₂D3组、糖尿病肾病+花生油组,后2组分别给予骨化三醇(即1,25(OH)₂D3,活性维生素D3) 0.03 μg/(kg • d)治疗、花生油对照处理。37 d后采集标本,以实时聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)、Western blot及免疫组织化学方法检测大鼠肾脏组织转化生长因子β1的表达;RT-PCR检测MicroRNA-130b的表达;采用苏木精-伊红及Masson染色对大鼠肾脏形态结构及纤维化程度进行分析。 结果与结论：①RT-PCR结果显示,糖尿病肾病+1,25(OH)₂D3组及糖尿病肾病+花生油组MicroRNA-130b的表达明显低于正常对照组(P < 0.01),糖尿病肾病+1,25(OH)₂D3组明显高于糖尿病肾病+花生油组(P < 0.01);②RT-PCR、Western blot、免疫组织化学及病理结果显示,糖尿病肾病+1,25(OH)₂D3组及糖尿病肾病+花生油组转化生长因子β1 mRNA和蛋白的表达、大鼠肾脏组织结构紊乱及纤维化程度明显高于正常对照组(P < 0.01),糖尿病肾病+1,25(OH)₂D3组明显低于糖尿病肾病+花生油组(P < 0.01);③结果说明,糖尿病肾病大鼠肾脏MicroRNA-130b表达水平下降,转化生长因子β1 mRNA及蛋白表达水平升高,肾脏组织结构紊乱及纤维化程度严重;1,25(OH)₂D3可上调糖尿病肾病大鼠肾脏MicroRNA-130b的表达水平,同时还可下调糖尿病肾病大鼠肾脏转化生长因子β1的表达水平,改善肾脏组织结构紊乱及纤维化程度。ORCID: 0000-0002-5676-5016(刘玥彤) 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程     

丹参诱导骨髓基质细胞神经元样细胞分化的microRNA-128路径

目的　研究microRNA-128在丹参制剂诱导大鼠骨髓基质细胞(bone marrow strowal cells,BMSCs)向神经元样细胞分化过程中的调控作用。  方法　培养鉴定大鼠BMSCs,应用反义寡居核苷酸转染技术（Lipofectamin 2000）转染microRNA-128 inhibitors于BMSCs;取转染和未转染的BMSCs,待细胞增殖到60%~70%融合时进行预诱导分化,预诱导24 h后,进行诱导分化;根据处理方式不同分为4组：未诱导组（A组）,丹参制剂诱导组（B组）,转染未诱导组（C组）,转染诱导组（D组）。流式细胞术鉴定BMSCs;qPCR检测microRNA-128及神经元特异性烯醇化酶（NSE）、巢蛋白（Nestin）、微管蛋白（β3-tubulin）的mRNA表达;Western blot检测NSE、Nestin和β3-tubulin的蛋白表达。  结果    BMSCs流式细胞检测CD29和CD90双阳性率达99.17%,CD11b和CD45双阴性率达99.21%;丹参制剂诱导及microRNA-128 inhibitors转染后,细胞microRNA-128表达量显著降低（P<0.05）;诱导与未诱导组,转染与未转染组比较,NSE、Nestin和β3-tubulin的mRNA和蛋白表达均显著升高（P<0.05）。  结论　丹参制剂能够抑制BMSCs的microRNA-128表达,进而影响BMSCs神经分化相关蛋白的表达,促进BMSCs向神经元样细胞分化。     

The accuracy of diagnostic tests for adenoid hypertrophy: A systematic review

BackgroundAdenoid hypertrophy may cause sleep-disordered breathing and altered craniofacial growth. The authors conducted a study to gauge the accuracy of alternative tests compared with nasoendoscopy (reference standard) for screening adenoid hypertrophy.MethodsThe authors conducted a systematic review that included searches of electronic databases, hand searches of bibliographies of relevant articles and gray literature searches. They included all articles in which an alternative test was compared with nasoendoscopy in children with suspected nasal or nasopharyngeal airway obstruction.ResultsThe authors identified seven articles that were of poor to good quality. They identified the following alternative tests: multirow detector computed tomography (sensitivity, 92 percent; specificity, 97 percent), videofluoroscopy (sensitivity, 100 percent; specificity, 90 percent), rhinomanometry with decongestant (sensitivity, 83 percent; specificity, 83 percent) and clinical examination (sensitivity, 22 percent; specificity, 88 percent). Lateral cephalograms tended to have good to fair sensitivity (typically 61-75 percent) and poor specificity (41-55 percent) when adenoid size was evaluated but excellent to good specificity when airway patency was evaluated (68-96 percent).ConclusionsNo ideal tool exists for dentists to screen adenoid hypertrophy, owing to access constraints, radiation concerns and suboptimal diagnostic accuracy. Research is needed to identify a low-risk, easily acceptable, highly valid diagnostic screening tool.Practical ImplicationsAlthough lateral cephalograms (which have good to fair sensitivity) and a thorough medical history (which has good specificity) are imperfect individually, when they are used together, they can compensate for each other's weaknesses. This combined approach is the best tool available to dentists for screening adenoid hypertrophy.     

血清miR-155联合组织PTEN检测对子宫内膜癌的诊断价值

目的 探讨血清微小RNA-155(miR-155)联合组织人第10号染色体缺失的磷酸酶及张力蛋白同源的基因(PTEN)检测对子宫内膜癌的诊断价值。方法 选取2015年9月至2018年6月邯郸市第一医院妇产科收治的子宫内膜癌51例、良性病变患者52例,采用荧光实时定量聚合酶链反应(Q-PCR)法检测研究对象血清中miR-155表达,免疫组织化学法检测各组子宫内膜组织中PTEN水平,并通过受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评价miR-155、PTEN及二者联合对子宫内膜癌的诊断价值。结果 与良性病变组相比,子宫内膜癌组血清miR-155表达水平显著升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);与良性病变组相比,子宫内膜癌组PTEN蛋白表达量显著降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);ROC曲线显示,血清miR-155水平预测患者子宫内膜癌发生的曲线下面积为0.876,灵敏度为96.3%,特异度为94.2%;子宫内组织PTEN水平预测患者子宫内膜癌发生的曲线下面积为0.952,灵敏度为94.1%,特异性度为92.3%;二者联合检测诊断子宫内膜癌曲线下面积为0.991,灵敏度为99.2%,特异度为92.5%。结论 血清miR-155联合组织PTEN检测可作为子宫内膜癌的诊断指标。     

Billroth in Zurich.

Billroth came to the Kantonspital in Zurich as a disciple of v. Langenbeck. He changed that hospital from a largely privately controlled and state-dominated chronic disease hospital to an active teaching center with full-time personnel, a residency system, and its own equipment. He instituted a system of follow-up surgical statistics and criteria for certain surgical procedures. His technical ability and scholarship in pathology, anatomy, and surgical techniques made that institution a sought-after school. The marked swings in moods that were to characterize Billroth's entire career started in Zurich and had their source in his musical, professional, and personal interrelationships. Most important, this apprenticeship in surgery and administration made it possible for him, after 7 years, to be accepted to the Professorship at the University of Vienna, at that time the outstanding surgical school on the continent.