microRNA-1271靶向调控白血病细胞CYLD蛋白的表达

目的探讨人白血病细胞中微小RNA(microRNA)-1271对CYLD蛋白表达的调控作用。方法 qRT-PCR检测microRNA-1271在不同的人白血病细胞系、临床初诊未治的几种类型原代白血病细胞、正常人外周血单个核细胞中的表达差异,利用 Targetscan 信息学预测软件预测 microRNA-1271靶向CYLD基因,构建携带靶基因野生型及突变型3’非翻译区(3’UTR)(缺失了整段预测的microRNA-1271结合序列)的双荧光素酶报告基因质粒,采用脂质体 Lipo-fectamine 3000包裹双荧光素酶重组质粒及 microRNA-1271模拟物(mimic)或阴性对照,共转染HEK293A细胞,应用双荧光素酶报告基因检测试剂盒测定荧光素酶活性。 FAM标记的microRNA-1271抑制物和阴性对照分别核转染至人白血病细胞系K562细胞,Western blot法检测CYLD蛋白水平的表达变化。结果 microRNA-1271在不同人白血病细胞系以及临床初诊未治的原代白血病细胞中的表达均明显高于正常人外周血单个核细胞,双荧光素酶报告基因实验验证CYLD是 microRNA-1271的潜在靶基因;K562细胞中转染microRNA-1271抑制物下调 microRNA-1271后, Western blot法检测结果显示CYLD蛋白水平明显上调。结论人白血病细胞中microRNA-1271的表达上调,下调microRNA-1271后可以促进靶基因CYLD蛋白的表达, microRNA-1271有可能成为白血病治疗的新靶点。     

MicroRNA基因递送系统抗激素非依赖型前列腺癌增殖作用研究

目的：采用分枝状聚乙烯亚胺（BPEI）、线型的聚乙烯亚胺（LPEI）和树枝状聚合物聚酰胺-胺（PAMAM）与具有抑制激素非依赖型前列腺癌细胞PC3增殖的miRNA-15a和miRNA-16-1质粒结合,构建了MicroRNA基因递送系统。考察形成的三种纳米复合物的粒径、zeta电位、细胞内摄取,以及对PC3细胞的抑制作用。方法：利用粒径分析仪测定形成的三种纳米复合物的粒径和电位,凝胶电泳实验测定三种材料对miRNA的结合能力; 利用FAM标记的NC-miRNA考察PC3细胞对三种复合的摄取情况;通过CCK8 法测定三种材料与miRNA-15a和miRNA-16-1形成的复合物对PC3细胞的抑制作用;PCR法测定三种材料与miRNA-15a和miRNA-16-1结合后对PC3细胞中Bcl-2,Cylin D1和Wnt3a表达的阻滞作用。结果：BPEI,LPEI和PAMAM三种材料与miRNA可结合形成稳定的纳米级复合物,在N/P=5时,PC3细胞对BPEI/miRNA-FAM的摄取高于LPEI/miRNA-FAM和PAMAM/miRNA-FAM,具有统计学意义（P<0.01）。BPEI、LPEI和PAMAM都可以携带miRNA-15a和miRNA-16-1进入PC3细胞,并且阻滞PC3细胞中Bcl-2,Cylin D1和Wnt3a蛋白的表达。结论：BPEI,LPEI和PAMAM三种材料包裹miRNA-15a和miRNA-16-1可对激素非依赖型前列腺癌细胞PC3细胞产生抑制作用。并可以有效阻滞PC3细胞中Bcl-2,Cylin D1和Wnt3a蛋白的表达。     

High miR-196a and low miR-367 cooperatively correlate with unfavorable prognosis of high-grade glioma

Identification of microRNAs (miRNAs) could be beneficial for the diagnosis and prognosis of glioma. Therefore, we attempted to identify and develop specific miRNAs as prognostic and predictive markers for glioma patients. We compared the expression profiles of 365 miRNAs between 4 glioblastomas (GBMs, WHO grade IV) and 4 anaplastic astrocytomas (AAs, WHO grade III) using miRNA qPCR Array. MiR-196a (P = 0.004, fold change = 289.86) and miR-367 (P = 0.044, fold change = 0.03) were identified as the most up-regulated and down-regulated miRNAs in GBMs compared with AAs, respectively. We subsequently examined miR-196a and miR-367 expression levels in an independent series of 63 gliomas including 50 GBMs and 13 AAs, as well as 10 non-neoplastic brain tissues, and statistically analyzed the associations between miRNA expression and clinicopathological characteristics and survivals of these glioma patients. MiR-196a and miR-367 showed significant increased and decreased expression in high-grade gliomas relative to non-neoplastic brains, as well as in GBMs versus AAs, respectively. Additionally, high-miR-196a and low-miR-367 expression, alone or in combination, statistically correlated with aggressive clinicopathological features of gliomas. Furthermore, overall survivals of glioma patients with high-miR-196a, low-miR-367 and high-miR-196a/low-miR-367 expression tended to be shorter than the corresponding control groups (all P ≤ 0.001). Moreover, multivariate analysis indicated high-miR-196a/low-miR-367 as an independent prognostic indicator for glioma patients (P = 0.005, risk ratio = 1.8). Our results suggested that both high-miR-196a and low-miR-367 expression may be associated with aggressive progression and unfavorable clinical outcome in glioma patients. And combination of high-miR-196a and low-miR-367 expression may be a novel biomarker in identifying a poor prognosis group of high-grade glioma.     

Deep sequencing identifies deregulation of microRNAs involved with vincristine drug-resistance of colon cancer cells

Background: Vincristine (VCR) is a chemical that is widely used in tumor therapy. While long-term use can make tumor cells resistant to VCR, the underlying mechanisms of this resistance are still unclear. Objective: This study aimed at investigating the role of microRNA (miRNA) in colon cancer drug resistance. Methods: HCT-8 colon carcinoma cells were cultured and treated with different VCR concentrations to establish an HCT-8/VCR resistant cell line. Whole-genome screens, HiSeq 2500 sequencing, and bioinformatics methods were used to detect and analyze differences in miRNA expression between the drug-resistant HCT-8/VCR cells and non-resistant HCT-8 cells. Differential expression profiles of miRNAs were constructed based on sequencing result. Results: The HCT-8/VCR resistant colon carcinoma cell line was established. With regard to the difference in drug resistance between HCT-8/VCR and HCT-8 cells, 24 miRNAs showed statistically significant differences in their expression (fold change > 4), of which 17 were up-regulated. Seven miRNAs were down-regulated. Conclusion: As abnormal expression of miRNAs was associated with VCR resistance of colon carcinoma cells, differences in miRNA expression may play a key role in VCR resistance of colon cancer cells.     

用实时荧光定量PCR选择急性呼吸窘迫综合征患者血清microRNA内参照基因

目的探讨用实时荧光定量PCR检测急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)患者血清微小RNA(microRNA,miRNA)的表达并选择最优内参照基因。方法用实时荧光定量PCR检测40例ARDS患者及20例体检健康者血清中5个miRNA候选内参照基因miR-16-5p、miR-93-5p、miR-101-3p、miR-191-5p和U6,并用ge Norm法、Norm Finder法、bestkeeper法和相对△Ct法4种算法分析内参照基因稳定性,通过对4种算法稳定值进行排序并计算几何均数的方法分析综合稳定值。结果比较5个候选内参照基因在ARDS患者和体检健康者的表达水平,差异均无统计学意义(P均0.05)。4种算法综合分析显示,miR-16-5p以最小的稳定值1.32成为综合稳定性最高的内参照基因,其次是miR-101-3p、U6、miR-93-5p和miR-191-5p。结论实时荧光定量PCR法确定ARDS患者血清miRNA最优的内参照基因为miR-16-5p。     

Nasopharyngeal cancer-derived microRNA-21 promotes immune suppressive B cells

The prevalence of nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) is high in the southern area of China and some other districts in the world. The pathogenesis of NPC is unclear. It is reported that some microRNAs (miR) are involved in the progression of NPC. This study aims to investigate the role of miR-21 in the induction of immune tolerance of NPC. In this study, NPC tissue was collected from patients with NPC. Assessment of miR was performed with real time quantitative RT-PCR. Western blotting was used to assess proteins of interleukin 10 and nuclear factor I-A (NFI-A). Immune cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. The results showed that NPC cell line C666-1 and surgically removed NPC tissue expressed miR-21, which was upregulated by the presence of the Toll-like receptor 3 ligand, Poly I: C. Exposure to miR-21 increased the expression of NFI-A and interleukin (IL)-10 in naive B cells. High frequency of IL-10⁺ B cells was detected in the NPC tissue. The NPC- or miR-21-primed B cells suppressed cytotoxic CD8⁺ T cell activities. We conclude that NPC-derived miR-21 induces IL-10⁺ B cells; the latter is capable of suppressing CD8⁺ T-cell activities. miR-21 may be a potential target in the treatment of NPC.     

微小RNA与重症肌无力研究进展

微小RNA(miRNA)是一类进化上保守的内源性单链非编码小RNA分子,长度约为19 ～24个核苷酸,通过靶基因特异性结合从而导致mRNA降解或翻译抑制,在转录后水平调控基因表达.大量研究表明miRNA与多种人类自身免疫性疾病密切相关.重症肌无力(MG)是神经-肌肉接头处传递功能障碍的自身免疫性疾病.探究miRNA在MG发生发展中的分子机制有助于阐明MG的致病机制,为MG的分子诊断和个性化治疗提供重要依据.本文主要对miRNA与MG相关性的研究进展进行综述.