Total lymphatic irradiation and bone marrow in human heart transplantation

Six patients, aged 36 to 59 years, had heart transplants for terminal myocardial disease using total lymphatic irradiation (TLI) and donor bone marrow in addition to conventional therapy. All patients were poor candidates for transplantation because of marked pulmonary hypertension, unacceptable tissue matching, or age. Two patients are living and well more than four years after the transplants. Two patients died of infection at six and seven weeks with normal hearts. One patient, whose preoperative pulmonary hypertension was too great for an orthotopic heart transplant, died at 10 days after such a procedure. The other patient died of chronic rejection seven months postoperatively. Donor-specific tolerance developed in 2 patients. TLI and donor bone marrow can produce specific tolerance to donor antigens and allow easy control of rejection, but infection is still a major problem. We describe a new technique of administering TLI with early reduction of prednisone that may help this problem.     

精神分裂症患者事件相关电位P300与PANSS的相关性研究

目的　研究精神分裂症患者急性期事件相关电位P3 0 0 与精神病理症状的关系。方法　采用美国NicoletBravo脑电生理仪 ,检测 4 0例精神分裂症患者及 36例健康对照的P3 0 0 成分 ,并运用阳性和阴性症状量表 (positiveandnegativesyndromescale,PANSS) ,对患者进行精神症状的评定 ,选择PANSS量表中阳性、阴性量表分值。结果　与正常对照相比 ,靶P3 0 0 波幅在四个记录区 (C3 、C4、CZ、PZ)差异均有显著性 (P <0 .0 1) ,P3 0 0 潜伏期差异 (P >0 .0 5 )不显著 ,靶波幅P3 0 0 在C3 、C4、CZ、PZ 四个记录区均与阴性症状呈负相关。结论　精神分裂症患者存在认知功能的损害 ,P3 0 0 成分可以辅助评价精神分裂症患者的认知功能损害程度     

Laboratory measures of copper metabolism in the differentiation of chronic active hepatitis and Wilson disease in children.

The accuracy of the serum ceruloplasmin level in distinguishing chronic active hepatitis from Wilson disease was compared to the 24-hour urinary copper excretion and hepatic copper content in 20 untreated patients with chronic active hepatitis and 25 with Wilson disease. Serum ceruloplasmin levels were decreased in five patients (25%) with chronic active hepatitis and were normal in seven patients (28%) with Wilson disease at the time of diagnosis. The 24-hour urinary copper excretion failed to provide accurate discrimination between the two groups, being elevated in all patients with Wilson disease and in five of eight patients with chronic active hepatitis studied. All patients with Wilson disease had hepatic copper levels greater than 400 microgram/gm dry weight, whereas patients with chronic active hepatitis had levels less than 300 microgram/gm dry weight. The discriminatory value of hepatic copper concentration makes this the most reliable test for differentiating chronic active hepatitis and Wilson disease in children and adolescents. The serum ceruloplasmin level may not be significantly accurate for definitive diagnosis in this age group.     

2型糖尿病病人事件相关电位P300的研究

目的通过对2型糖尿病患者进行事件相关电位(ERP)的检测,早期发现病人认知功能异常程度及相关因素。方法用Nicolet Viking Ⅳ型肌电图/诱发电位仪对30例2型糖尿病患者和30例年龄、性别、教育程度相匹配的健康人进行事件相关电位P300检测。对两组间ERP各参数的差异进行方差分析、t检验及Poisson分析,观察病例组ERP各参数变化与糖基血红蛋白、血脂之间的关系。结果(1)不同性别及文化程度的正常人中P300的波峰潜伏期无显著性差异(P>0.05)。(2)与正常对照组相比,2型糖尿病患者P300波峰潜伏期显著延长(P<0.01),波幅显著下降(P<0.05)。(3)2型糖尿病患者P300波峰潜伏期的延长与糖基血红蛋白、血脂的增高相关(P<0.05)。结论ERP是检测2型糖尿病患者认知功能障碍的敏感指标,有助于早期发现糖尿病患者的潜在性痴呆。     

Does Swedish amateur boxing lead to chronic brain damage? 3. A retrospective clinical neurophysiological study

The aim of the present study was to investigate possible chronic brain damage due to Swedish amateur boxing. Forty seven former amateur boxers, 22 with many (HM = high-matched) and 25 with few matches (LM = low-matched) during their career were examined and compared with two control groups of 25 soccer players and 25 track and field athletes in the same age-range. No severe EEG abnormality was found. There was a somewhat higher incidence of slight or moderate EEG deviations among HM-(32%, 7/22) and LM-(36%, 9/25) boxers than among soccer players (20%, 5/25) and track and field athletes (12%, 3/25). Brain electric activity mapping (BEAM), brainstem auditory evoked potential (BAEP) and auditory evoked P 300 potential (P 300) did not differ significantly between the groups. No neurophysiological variable was correlated to the number of bouts, number of lost fights or length of boxing career. Thus, no signs of serious chronic brain damage was found among the amateur boxers or the soccer players and the track and field athletes. However, it cannot be excluded that the EEG differences between the groups may be a sign of slight brain dysfunction in some of the amateur boxers.     

The use of cueing and positive practice in the treatment of tongue thrust swallowing

Tongue thrust or reverse swallowing refers to the condition in which portions of the tongue rest or press against the teeth. In very severe cases the result can be dental malocclusion and/or speech difficulties. The present investigation evaluates the efficacy of cueing and positive practice in increasing the frequency of correct tongue position using a modified single subject withdrawal design with a 21 year old college student. The data indicate that the frequency of correct tongue positioning increased with the introduction of treatment. Follow-up data obtained 30 months post-treatment indicate that positive effects were being maintained.     

Migration and proliferation of endothelial cells in preformed and newly formed blood vessels during tumor angiogenesis

Tumor-induced capillary proliferation was studied in the rabbit cornea after implantation of V2 carcinoma 1 mm from the limbal vascular plexus. Limbal vessels were examined 1 to 10 days later with: [³H]thymidine autoradiography, electron microscopy, intravenous injection of colloidal carbon, and slit-lamp stereomicroscopy. Endothelial cells displayed surface projections and resembled regenerating endothelium 1 day after tumor implant. At 2 days, cells emigrated from preformed vessels toward the tumor implant. Simultaneously, cell junctions loosened and new lumina appeared in the walls of existing venules. Capillary sprouts were detected histologically at Day 4 and entered the corneal stroma by Day 6. New vessels were never seen in control eyes implanted with heat-killed tumor. The thymidine labeling index of endothelium was elevated on Day 2 and reached a peak of 8% on Day 3. After Day 4, labeled cells were located only near the distal tips of the growing capillaries. The labeling index ranged from 0.6 to 4%. In controls, labeling was less than 0.7% after 3 days.These studies suggest that active migration of preformed endothelial cells toward the tumor stimulus may precede cell proliferation during tumor angiogenesis. Whether this sequence occurs in other forms of neovascularization is unknown. However, once new capillaries have appeared, tumor-induced vessels elongate by mechanisms similar to wound-induced capillaries.