The effect of different treatment modalities on oxidative stress in COPD

INTRODUCTION: Oxidant/antioxidant interactions are known to be important processes in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We aimed to evaluate the effects of corticosteroids (CS), and Nacetylcysteine (NAC) on plasma oxidant/antioxidant levels in patients with COPD. METHODS: This study utilised a single-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, parallel-group methodology. We enrolled 58 patients with stable COPD and 30 healthy controls with similar demographic profiles. The patients with COPD were randomly divided into three treatment groups. Group 1 received basal treatment (regular ipratropium bromide and beta-2 agonist as needed), placebo CS and placebo NAC. In addition to basal treatment, group 2 received oral CS (methylprednisolone 40 mg/day) and placebo NAC. Group 3 received basal treatment plus NAC (600 mg/day) and placebo CS. Each group received treatment for 15 days. We measured plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) at the start and the end of study. RESULTS: Post-treatment plasma MDA levels were significantly lowered only in group 2 (P=0.004). No significant differences were found with respect to erythrocyte SOD levels. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that oral CS, by aiding the oxidant/antioxidant system, may offer a new therapeutic option in COPD treatment.     

甲基强的松龙在脊髓型颈椎病外科治疗中的预防保护作用

目的探讨分析手术前使用甲基强的松龙（MP）在脊髓型颈椎病（CSM）外科治疗中对颈脊髓的预防保护作用。方法脊髓型颈椎病患者37例，随机分成实验组（A组）和对照组（B组）。A组：颈椎前路手术减压前即开始使用大剂量甲基强的松龙，19例。B组：颈椎前路手术过程中未使用甲基强的松龙，18例。术前、术后第1天及术后2周按颈椎病脊髓功能状态评分法（40分法）计算2组患者的脊髓功能恢复率。结果A组在术后第1天、术后2周的脊髓症状改善情况较B组有显著性差异（P〈0．01）。结论预防使用大剂量甲基强的松龙可提高脊髓型颈椎病手术的安全性，在治疗过程中起到预防性脊髓、神经保护作用。     

连续硬膜外输注消炎镇痛液治疗不同病程带状疱疹后遗神经痛的疗效研究

目的:比较连续硬膜外输注利多卡因和甲基强的松龙对不同病程带状疱疹后遗神经痛(PHN)患者的治疗效果。方法:胸腹部PHN患者70例,皮损位于T3-T11脊神经支配区。按照入院时疼痛持续的时间分为5组:Ⅰ组(n=13),疼痛持续1—2个月;Ⅱ组(n=15),疼痛持续2—3个月;Ⅲ组(n=16),疼痛持续3—6个月;Ⅳ组(n=12),疼痛持续6—12个月;Ⅴ组(n=14),疼痛持续12个月以上。所有患者在CT引导下置入硬膜外导管,采用硬膜外自控镇痛泵输注利多卡因和甲基强的松龙,连续输注18—20d,如果患者自控镇痛次数超过10次/d,则加用曲马多进行治疗。采用数字模拟评分法(NRS)评定疼痛强度。结果:硬膜外阻滞期间所有患者均达到满意镇痛,但Ⅲ组、Ⅳ组、Ⅴ组的镇痛泵使用数量和曲马多用量显著高于Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组;出院后7d,总有效率100%,组间无显著差异(P>0.05),但Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组的NRS评分明显低于Ⅴ组(P<0.05)。出院后3个月和6个月,Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组的有效率仍明显高于Ⅲ组、Ⅳ组和Ⅴ组(P<0.05);出院后3个月,Ⅲ组、Ⅳ组和Ⅴ组患者的NRS亦明显高于Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组(P<0.05)。出院后6个月,Ⅰ组患者的NRS明显低于其他4组(P<0.05);除Ⅰ组外,其余各组均有高于20%的患者治疗无效。患者的生存质量评分与疼痛程度密切相关(R2=0.945)。结论:连续硬膜外输注利多卡因和甲基强的松龙对病程<3个月的PHN患者的疗效优于病程≥3个月的患者。     

Effects of methylprednisolone and betamethasone injections on the rotator cuff: an experimental study in rats

Thirty-one female Sprague-Dawley rats were used to determine the effects of subacromial corticosteroid injections on the rotator cuff. The injection technique was tested in 6 animals, which were excluded from the study. The remaining 25 rats were randomly divided into three groups of 8 animals each; a single rat received no injections. Every other week for 8 weeks, one shoulder in each rat was injected with methylprednisolone, betamethasone, or saline in a dosage equivalent to that used in humans. The supraspinatus and infraspinatus tendons were removed 10 days after the last injection and evaluated. There were no pathologic changes in the tendons injected with saline. In 43% of the methylprednisolone-treated rats and 29% of the betamethasone-treated rats, the tendons were abnormally soft and light-colored. In 43% of the methylprednisolone group and 71% of the betamethasone group, fragmentation of collagen bundles and inflammatory cell infiltration were evident. Subacromial injections of methylprednisolone or betamethasone repeated frequently can cause deleterious changes in the normal structure of the rat rotator cuff. In light of these findings, therapy for subacromial impingement syndrome of the shoulder with frequent, repeated steroid injections is potentially harmful.     

大剂量甲基强的松龙冲击疗法治疗系统性红斑狼疮48例临床分析

目的观察大剂量甲基强的松龙冲击疗法的临床疗效及与常规激素疗法进行比较.方法对我院1993年～2000年资料较完整的48例系统性红斑狼疮重点在治疗效果上进行分析.结果经采用大剂量甲基强的松龙冲击疗法治疗的36例中,好转31例(86.1%),无效4例(11.1%),死亡1例(2.8%);经常规激素治疗的12例中,好转7例(58.3%),无效2例(16.7%),死亡3例(25%).结论大剂量甲基强的松龙冲击疗法在疗效等方面优于常规激素疗法.     

地塞米松与甲基强的松龙冲击治疗肾病综合征的比较研究

目的 :比较大剂量地塞米松 (Dexamethasone ,Dex)与甲基强的松龙 (Methylprednisolone,MP)冲击治疗成人原发性肾病综合征 (Nephroticsyndrome ,NS)的疗效、不良反应 ,为价廉的Dex代替昂贵的MP提供临床可行性依据。方法 :Dex组 30例用Dex 2 .0mg/ (kg·d) ,3d为 1疗程 ,3周重复 ,共 2～ 4疗程 ,间歇期以强的松 (Prednisone ,Pred) 0 .6mg/ (kg·d)口服 ,缓解者 8周或用药 12周无效者逐渐减量 ,至 15mg/d维持 ,总疗程 18月 ;MP组 12例用MP 1.0g/d ,3d为 1疗程 ,余同Dex组。结果 :两组的疗效和副作用无统计学差异 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论 :Dex可以替代MP对NS患者进行冲击治疗 ,获得满意疗效及较好的耐受性 ,并为病人节省开支。     

回顾性分析不同方法治疗甲状腺相关性眼病眼压的变化

目的:比较甲基强的松龙静脉冲击治疗及眼外肌手术治疗甲状腺相关性眼病(thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy,TAO)前后眼压(intraocular pressure,IOP)的变化.方法:回顾性分析收集2008-01/2010-12于我院眼科就诊的26例42眼TAO患者,患者行甲基强的松龙静脉冲击治疗或眼外肌手术,比较术前、术后第一眼位及上视时的眼压变化.结果:患者16例32眼采用甲强龙冲击治疗,治疗前平均眼压第一眼位时为21.13±4.10mmHg,向上注视时为23 75±5.67mmHg,治疗后分别为16.81±3.69mmHg(P＜0.05),18.50±4.03mmHg(P＜0.05);10例10眼采用眼外肌斜视手术,术前平均眼压第一眼位时为18.40±2 49mmHg,上视时为24.70±3.63mmHg,术后分别为17 30±1.55mmHg(P＞0.05),18.60±2.20mmHg(P＜0 01);术前眼压≥21mmHg的TAO患者眼压下降明显(P＜0.05).结论:两组患者用不同的方法治疗后眼压显著下降,但是眼外肌斜视手术前后眼压在第一眼位时的变化没有统计学差别.     

甲强龙、地塞米松治疗突发性耳聋的应用比较

目的探讨甲强龙（MTH）及地塞米松（DEx）在治疗突发性耳聋中的·l盏床疗效。方法将95例（107耳）突发性耳聋患者随机分为MTH组和DEX组。MTH组行鼓室注射62．5mg／mLMTH0．5mL,每2天注射1次,10天为1个疗程;DEX组行鼓室注射10．0mg／mLDEX0．5mL,每2天注射1次,10天为1个疗程。两组均给予营养神经、吸氧等对症支持治疗。比较2周后4个频率（0．5kHz、lkHz、2kHz、4kHz）气导纯音听阈均值（PTA）,提高15分贝（dB）以上为有效。结果MTH组总有效49耳,有效率为86．0％。DEX组34耳,有效率为68．0％。X2=4．94,两组比较差异有显著性（P〈O．05）。结论鼓室内注射类固醇激素为治疗难治性突发性耳聋安全、有效的方法之一,并且MTH效果优于DEX。