益生菌对溃疡性结肠炎大鼠IL-1β、CD44的作用

目的：观察和探讨大鼠结肠促炎症性细胞因子IL-1β和细胞黏附分子CD44在UC大鼠模型中的表达,并分析和探讨枯草杆菌、肠球菌二联活菌肠溶胶囊在UC中的作用及对这两个因子的影响.方法：用乙酸溶液制备UC大鼠模型,将清洁级Wistar大鼠32只随机分成正常对照组、溃疡性结肠炎模型组、美沙拉嗪治疗组、美肠安和美沙拉嗪联合治疗组.7d后各组大鼠结肠标本行HE染色,观察镜下结肠病理变化,并通过酶联免疫吸附测定法（ELISA）测定各组大鼠血清中细胞因子IL-1β、CD44的表达水平.结果：模型组大鼠结肠黏膜可见脓性分泌物、糜烂及溃疡,两组治疗组显著改善UC大鼠结肠黏膜的病理变化,并且明显降低大鼠血清中细胞因子IL-1β、CD44的表达,其中美肠安联合美沙拉嗪治疗组的降低较美沙拉嗪治疗组更明显.结论：美肠安和美沙拉嗪联合使用可以明显降低IL-1β和CD44的表达,疗效优于单独使用美沙拉嗪.     

美沙拉嗪、柳氮磺胺吡啶对葡聚糖硫酸钠诱导的Balb/c小鼠急性溃疡性结肠炎的治疗和免疫影响

目的：探讨美沙拉嗪和柳氮磺胺吡啶对葡聚糖硫酸钠（DSS）致Balb/c小鼠急性溃疡性结肠炎的作用效果和对急性溃疡性结肠炎免疫功能的影响。方法：Balb/c小鼠给予3.5% DSS水溶液自由饮用7 d建立溃疡性结肠炎模型,通过测定小鼠DAI指数、脏器指数、血清IL-4、结肠组织匀浆液IL-8的表达水平和小鼠体内CD4⁺细胞、CD8⁺细胞、CD4⁺CD25⁺细胞的变化,来评价两种药物对小鼠急性溃疡性结肠炎的作用。结果：给药治疗后,美沙拉嗪组和柳氮磺胺吡啶组的DAI评分和CMDI评分均降低（P<0.01或者P<0.05）,小鼠症状缓解。结肠黏膜充血水肿减轻,且两种药物均能\\有效抑制病灶部位炎细胞的浸润。与模型组相比,美沙拉嗪组和SASP组CD3⁺细胞数增加,CD8⁺细胞数明显上升,CD4⁺CD25⁺细胞占CD4⁺细胞比例增加,血清中IL-4含量显著上升（P<0.01）,组织中IL-8含量显著下降（P<0.01）;而美沙拉嗪组CD4⁺细胞数目略有增加,SASP组CD4⁺细胞数增加比较明显。结论：美沙拉嗪和柳氮磺胺吡啶可减轻DSS诱导的UC小鼠稀便、血便症状;两种药物对UC疾病的治疗可能与提高CD4⁺细胞水平和IL-4含量及上调CD8⁺细胞水平有关。     

GC法同时测定美沙拉嗪原料药中3种有关物质的含量

目的： 建立同时测定美沙拉嗪原料药中苯胺、2-氨基苯酚、4-氨基苯酚3种有关物质含量的方法。方法： 采用气相色谱法, HP-5(10m×0.53mm×2.65μm)毛细管柱,氢火焰离子检测器(FID),程序升温(起始温度70℃,保持2min,以15℃?min-1的速率升温至150℃,维持2min) ,载气为高纯氮气,进样口温度280℃,检测器温度300℃。结果： 3种杂质能有效分离,精密度、回收率、线性回归等良好。结论： 本方法可用于美沙拉嗪原料药的质量控制。     

布拉氏酵母菌散联合美沙拉嗪肠溶片治疗中轻度溃疡性直乙状结肠炎的疗效观察

[目的]探究布拉氏酵母菌散联合美沙拉嗪肠溶片治疗中轻度溃疡性直乙状结肠炎的临床疗效。[方法]回顾性分析52例给予美沙拉嗪肠溶片治疗(对照组)及52例布拉氏酵母菌散联合美沙拉嗪肠溶片治疗(观察组)的中轻度溃疡性直乙状结肠炎患者的临床资料。记录2组临床疗效、结肠黏膜炎症改善情况及治疗12周后复发情况,比较2组治疗前及治疗4周后炎性活动指标(血沉、C反应蛋白)及肠黏膜屏障功能障碍指标(内毒素、D-乳酸)的差异。[结果]观察组临床疗效及结肠黏膜炎症改善情况明显优于对照组(P<0.05),且治疗12周后复发率明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗4周后,2组炎性活动指标(血沉、C反应蛋白)、肠黏膜屏障功能障碍指标(内毒素、D-乳酸)均较治疗前降低(P<0.05),且观察组低于对照组(P<0.05)。[结论]布拉氏酵母菌散联合美沙拉嗪肠溶片治疗中轻度溃疡性直乙状结肠炎临床疗效显著,不仅能减轻机体炎性活动度,还能提高肠黏膜屏障功能,对降低复发风险也有积极意义。     

Low dose balsalazide (1.5 g twice daily) and mesalazine (0.5 g three times daily) maintained remission of ulcerative colitis but high dose balsalazide (3.0 g twice daily) was superior in preventing relapses

BACKGROUND: Balsalazide is a new 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) containing prodrug. Its efficacy in comparison with standard mesalazine therapy and the optimum dose for maintaining remission of ulcerative colitis are still unclear. AIMS: To compare the relapse preventing effect and safety profile of two doses of balsalazide and a standard dose of Eudragit coated mesalazine. METHODS: A total of 133 patients with ulcerative colitis in remission were recruited to participate in a double blind, multicentre, randomised trial: 49 patients received balsalazide 1.5 g twice daily, 40 received balsalazide 3.0 g twice daily, and 44 received mesalazine 0.5 g three times daily. Efficacy assessments were clinical activity index (CAI) and endoscopic score according to Rachmilewitz, and a histological score. In addition, laboratory tests were performed and urinary excretion of 5-ASA and its metabolite N-Ac-5-ASA was analysed. The study lasted for 26 weeks. RESULTS: Balsalazide 3.0 g twice daily resulted in a significantly higher clinical remission rate (77.5%) than balsalazide 1.5 g twice daily (43.8%) and mesalazine 0.5 g three times daily (56.8%) (p=0.006). The respective times to relapse were 161 days, 131 days (p=0.003), and 144 days (NS). Accordingly, pairwise contrasts of the final endoscopic score demonstrated a significant difference (p=0.005) between the two balsalazide treatment groups while differences between either of these two groups and mesalazine were not statistically significant. Patients treated with balsalazide excreted less 5-ASA and N-Ac-5-ASA than patients receiving mesalazine but these differences were not statistically significant. Discontinuation of the trial because of adverse effects occurred in nine patients: three in the balsalazide 1.5 g twice daily group, two in the balsalazide 3.0 g twice daily group, and four in the mesalazine 0.5 g three times daily group. No clinically important new drug safety related findings were identified in this study. CONCLUSIONS: High dose balsalazide (3.0 g twice daily) was superior in maintaining remission in patients with ulcerative colitis compared with a low dose (1.5 g twice daily) or a standard dose of mesalazine (0.5 g three times daily). All three treatments were safe and well tolerated.     

美常安联合美沙拉嗪对溃疡性结肠炎患者炎症因子的影响

目的:观察美常安联合美沙拉嗪治疗溃疡性结肠炎(ulcerative colitis,UC)患者的疗效及对血清炎症因子的影响。方法:将226例活动期UC患者随机分为观察组114例和对照组112例,对照组给予美沙拉嗪治疗,观察组在此基础上给予美常安治疗,对比两组疗效及白介素-8(IL-8)、白介素-10(IL-10)、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)及巨噬细胞抑制因子(MIF)等血清炎症因子的变化。结果:观察组总有效率显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗前观察组IL-8、TNF-α、MIF、IL-10含量与对照组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),治疗后IL-8和TNF-α与对照组比较降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而MIF含量与对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);血清中IL-10的含量在治疗后则有明显升高,且治疗组升高较对照组明显(P<0.05)。两组不良反应差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:美常安联合美沙拉嗪治疗UC可明显提高治疗有效率,两者具有药物协同作用,能更好地控制病情,有较大的临床应用价值。     

DISTRIBUTION AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY EFFECT OF MESALAZINE ON CARRAGEENAN-INDUCED COLITIS IN THE RABBIT

1. A controlled-release preparation of mesalazine microgranules (Pentasa^R; Ferring AS, Vanlose, Denmark) releases the active ingredient over a wide area from the small intestine to the rectum and is consequently expected to bring about therapeutic benefits to patients with ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease.
2. Mesalazine microgranules (50 or 150 mg/kg per day) were administered orally to each rabbit with carrageenan-induced colitis for six weeks. Its inhibitory effect on colonic mucosal damage was assessed in terms of the microscopic damage scores, leukotriene B₄ concentrations and concentrations of mesalazine derivatives.
3. At the end of the experiment, the mesalazine 150 mg group had gained a significantly greater bodyweight than the control group. Microscopic damage was significantly lower in the 150 mg group than in the untreated control group. Tissue concentrations of 5-aminosalicylic acid and acetyl-5-aminosalicylic acid in the small and large intestine were higher in the 150 mg group than in the 50 mg group. Mucosal leukotriene B₄ levels tended to be lower in rabbits receiving the larger dose of mesalazine.
4. The present study indicates that slow release 5-aminosalicylic acid at the larger dose reaches the large bowel in sufficiently high concentrations following oral administration and significantly reduces carrageenan-induced colitis in the rabbit.     

肠炎清合剂联合美沙拉嗪肠溶片维持治疗缓解期溃疡性结肠炎的临床疗效

目的:评价肠炎清合剂联合美沙拉嗪肠溶片维持治疗缓解期溃疡性结肠炎(UC)的临床疗效.方法:将140例符合要求的缓解期UC患者按照随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,各70例.对照组脱落、失访6例,剔除3例,完成61例;观察组脱落、失访5例,剔除2例,完成63例.两组均给予生活方式调整,并内服美沙拉嗪肠溶片,0.5 g/次,...