A Qualitative Study of Safety and Belongings Before and After the Communist Regime in Slovakia

ABSTRACT

This qualitative study examined the experience and perceptions of individuals’ immediate environment, family cohesion, safety and belongings during and after the communist regime in Slovakia. The aim of this exploratory study was to gain more understanding of the impact of political regime on individual’s perceptions and viewpoints. Purposeful sampling was used to select 12 participants who were divided based on specific criteria into 2 groups: “the younger” and “the older group.” Content analyses were used to analyze the data. Implications for future research and practice along with research limitation are discussed.     

"阴火"考释

"阴火"一词屡见于李杲之前的文学作品,并与李杲的"阴火"概念密切相关,对此加以考释,对于进一步理清李杲的"阴火"概念有十分积极的意义。     

East meets West: applying Eastern spirituality in clinical practice

Aims and objectives. The paper discusses the application of the Eastern body‐mind‐spirit approach in healthcare practice. Background. Traumas, sufferings and losses may induce immense distress in patients and their families, as well as apathy and exhaustion in healthcare workers. Over‐specialization and compartmentalization of services may provide a convenient shelter for healthcare workers to be detached and to simply focus on a narrowly defined scope of intervention. However, the existential problems are still there. Based upon eastern philosophies and holistic health practices, we propose the body‐mind‐spirit approach in healthcare settings. Methods. This is a review paper summarizing the application of the approach on various clinical populations. Results. The approach has been trialled with promising results in a number of health conditions and psychosocial predicaments. Spirituality is not restricted to any religious practices, nor is it narrowed to the pursuit of knowledge at a high level of abstraction. The interconnectedness of the body, mind and spirit presupposes that the practice of spirituality is multidimensional and multi‐levelled. Conclusions. Using the body–mind–spirit framework flexibly we can engage more clients while facilitating the important process of exploration and change. The key components include getting in touch with the inner self, coming back to our senses, connecting our body and mind and rebalancing our relationship with the natural and social environment. The ultimate goal is to move out of meaninglessness and to reach a state of mature spirituality of tranquillity and transcendence. Relavence to clinical practice. The practice of spirituality can be easily applied to daily life.     

高职院校学生生命意义感与父母教养方式的相关研究

目的对高职院校学生的生命意义感与父母教养方式进行相关研究。方法本研究采取分层随机抽样的方法,随机抽取江苏省南通市某所高职院校257名学生,使用《生活目的测试》量表（PIL）、《父母养育方式评价量表》（EMBU）进行问卷调查。结果142.8%的学生处于生命意义不明确状态,26.1%的学生处于生命无意义状态;2生命意义感与父亲的＂温暖理解＂因子呈显著正相关,与父亲的＂严厉惩罚＂、＂过分干涉＂、＂拒绝否认＂因子呈显著负相关;生命意义感与母亲的＂温暖理解＂因子呈显著正相关,与母亲的＂过分干涉保护＂＂拒绝否认＂、＂严厉惩罚＂因子呈显著负相关;3父亲的＂温暖理解＂、母亲的＂拒绝否认＂对生命意义感有显著的独立作用;父亲的＂过分干涉＂和母亲的＂拒绝否认＂对生命意义感有显著的交互作用。结论高职生生命意义感状况不容乐观;生命意义感与父母教养方式密切相关。     

腋神经与肱骨相关结构的解剖学测量及其临床意义

目的 :研究臂部后方腋神经与肱骨相关结构的关系 ,为手术治疗肱骨近端骨折和肩关节脱位寻找安全入路提供必要的解剖学依据。方法 :解剖 6 3例成人 (男 38例、女 2 5例 )防腐上肢标本 ,确认腋神经在肱骨后方的走行 ,分别测量各相应距离 ,并计算其与肱骨最大长的百分比。结果 :(1)肱骨最大长 :男左 312 .5 1mm、男右 315 .5 7mm、女左 2 85 .2 0mm、女右 2 88.4 0mm ;(2 )肱骨最近端至腋神经的平均距离 :男左 5 9.0 3mm、男右 6 1.6 5mm、女左5 0 .4 6mm、女右 5 4 .6 2mm ;(3)肱骨最近端至腋神经的平均距离占肱骨最大长的百分比 :男左 18.89%、男右 19.5 4 %、女左 17.6 9%、女右 18.94 % ,均小于 2 0 % ;(4 )腋神经至肱骨肌管入口的平均距离占肱骨最大长的百分比 :男左 2 0 .13%、男右 18.16 %、女左 2 0 .78%、女右 19.30 % ,平均 19.5 4 % ,小于 2 0 %。结论 :肱骨的上 1 5区为相对危险区 ,而中上 1 5区 (CD段 )无大血管和神经走行 ,属相对安全区。     

大学生社会性无聊感、生命意义感与自杀意念

目的:调查大学生社会性无聊感、生命意义感与自杀意念的关系。方法:采用无聊倾向量表、生命意义感量表、自杀意念问卷对646名大学本进行调查。结果:1大学生社会性无聊感得分在性别、就读地区、年级、是否独生等几方面的差异均无统计学意义;2大学生社会性无聊感与生命意义感存在显著负相关(r=-0.336,P0.001),大学生社会性无聊感与自杀意念存在显著正相关(r=0.382,P0.001);3生命意义感中的部分维度如成就、快乐、信仰和人际关系等4个维度对大学生社会性无聊感有负性预测作用(R2=-0.136,P0.001;R2=-0.165,P0.001;R2=-0.179,P0.01;R2=-0.187,P0.05),大学生社会性无聊感对自杀意念有正性预测作用(R2=0.146,P0.001);4大学生社会性无聊感在生命意义感与自杀意念存在显著中介作用。结论:生命意义感的提高,有助于降低大学生社会性无聊感,减少自杀意念的出现。     

生命意义感在孕妇人格和妊娠焦虑关系中的中介效应

目的:探究孕妇生命意义感在人格内外向与妊娠焦虑关系的中介效应,以期指导临床通过提升孕妇生命意义感的心理支持,降低妊娠焦虑。方法:以2014年2-5月深圳市中海医院和深圳市仁爱医院妇产科就诊、咨询共计111名孕妇为研究对象,采用生命意义感量表,焦虑自评量表,内外向人格维度测量分别评估被试生命意义感、拥有意义感及寻求意义感,妊娠焦虑水平和其内外向人格特质。以孕妇人格作为预测变量、以妊娠焦虑为因变量,以中介效应检验程序进行回归分析及交互分析。结果:1孕妇人格与妊娠焦虑呈显著负相关(β=-0.268,P=0.004);2寻求生命意义感在孕妇人格和妊娠焦虑的关系中起部分中介效应,中介效应占总效应的28.29%。3拥有意义感不能作为中介变量调节孕妇内外向人格与妊娠焦虑之间的关系;4对孩子的态度中"夫妻之间爱的结晶","生命命运的必然"被孕妇广泛认同。"全家期盼宝宝到来的温馨氛围"及"对即将到来宝宝的期待"成为孕期内幸福感的重要来源。结论:内向的孕妇会面临更高水平的焦虑;孕妇内外向因素可通过提升她们的寻求意义感降低妊娠焦虑。