Picosecond Laser Shock Micro-Forming of Stainless Steel: Influence of High-Repetition Pulses on Thermal Effects

A study of the peen forming of thin stainless steel metal foils (50 μm thick) using a solid-state ps-pulsed laser, emitting at a wavelength of 1064 nm was conducted. The pitch distance between consecutive laser pulses was kept constant by tuning the laser repetition rate from 0.4 to 10 kHz, and subsequently the scanning speed. The induced bending angle and the radius of curvature were used to measure the effect of the treatment. Their dependence on the pulse energy, the treated area, the distance between lines, and the laser repetition rate was studied. High repetition rates do not allow the sample to cool down, affecting the bending to the point of being negligible. An FEM simulation and experiments were carried out to prove that the increase in temperature due to high repetition rate can relax the stresses induced by laser peen treatment, thus preventing bending in the sample.     

Embossing Pressure Effect on Mechanical and Softness Properties of Industrial Base Tissue Papers with Finite Element Method Validation

Embossing is a converting process in which the surface of a tissue paper sheet is changed under high pressure, allowing different functions. In this work, the authors intend to study how the embossing pressure affects the main properties of tissue paper, using a laboratory embossing system. An optimum pressure was achieved at 2.8 bar to this embossing laboratory set-up. The effect of pressure when densifying the paper sheet gives it a gain in mechanical strength but no differences in terms of liquid absorbency. The two embossing patterns present different behaviors but both evidence losses in mechanical and softness properties. On the other hand, the finite element method (FEM) does not show clear evidence of how the pressure affects the paper strength. For the deco die, it is possible to observe that the amount of yielding is slightly higher for lower pressure (2.4 bar), but this plasticity state parameter is very similar for 2.8 bar and 3.2 bar. For the micro die, FEM simulations of the manufacturing pressure do not show a considerable impact on the amount of plasticity state of the material; only for 3.2 bar, it shows a change in the pattern of the plasticity state of the paper during the embossing processes. In the end, to achieve a final product with excellent quality, it is important to make a compromise between the various properties.     

Study on Remote Field Eddy Current Testing Technology for Crack-like Defects in Long Truss Structure of Aircraft

Detection of hidden defects of aircraft long truss structures (aluminum alloy) is a challenging problem. The shape of the aircraft truss structure is complex, and the crack defects are buried in a large depth. Without the restriction of skin effect, remote field eddy current (RFEC) has great advantages in detecting buried depth defects. In this paper, in order to detect the hidden defects of the aluminum alloy aircraft long truss structure, the remote field eddy current probe is improved from two aspects of magnetic field enhancement and near-field signal suppression using the finite element method. The results show that indirect coupling energy is greatly enhanced when the connected magnetic circuit is added to the excitation coil. By adding a composite shielding structure outside the excitation coil and the detection coil, respectively, the direct coupling energy is effectively restrained. As a result, the size of the probe is reduced. By optimizing the coil spacing and probe placement position, the detection sensitivity of the probe is improved. The simulation is verified by experiments, and the experimental results are consistent with the simulation conclusions.     

Assessment of pharmacy students' communication competence using the Roter Interaction Analysis System during objective structured clinical examinations

Objective

To determine the value of using the Roter Interaction Analysis System during objective structured clinical examinations (OSCEs) to assess pharmacy students'' communication competence.

Methods

As pharmacy students completed a clinical OSCE involving an interview with a simulated patient, 3 experts used a global rating scale to assess students'' overall performance in the interview, and both the student''s and patient''s languages were coded using the Roter Interaction Analysis System (RIAS). The coders recorded the number of utterances (ie, units of spoken language) in each RIAS category. Correlations between the raters'' scores and the number and types of utterances were examined.

Results

There was a significant correlation between students'' global rating scores on the OSCE and the number of utterances in the RIAS socio-emotional category but not the RIAS business category.

Conclusions

The RIAS proved to be a useful tool for assessing the socio-emotional aspect of students'' interview skills.     

蛋白质在膜表面的吸附特性及蛋白质存在的溶液环境对小檗碱膜透过行为的影响研究

为探索蛋白质在膜表面的吸附特性以及蛋白质存在的溶液环境对小檗碱膜透过行为的影响,以蛋白质、小檗碱为研究对象,配制模拟溶液,通过低场核磁共振技术、静态吸附实验以及膜分离实验探究蛋白质与陶瓷膜、小檗碱之间可能存在的相互作用,以蛋白质静态吸附量、膜过程相对通量、蛋白质截留率、小檗碱透过率及两者的吸附率为评价指标,同时测定膜过程中膜污染阻力分布、过膜前后粒径分布变化及膜表面电镜扫描(SEM),研究蛋白质在陶瓷膜上的吸附特性及对小檗碱膜过程的影响。结果表明,陶瓷膜对蛋白质具有吸附作用,且吸附模型符合Langmuir吸附模型,在模拟溶液的膜分离过程中,蛋白质是引起膜污染的主要因素,但在1 g·L~(-1)蛋白质的浓度下,蛋白质的存在对小檗碱的膜过程没有显著影响。     

中药（复方）成分提取动力学数学模型的建立及对六味地黄汤梓醇的验证试验

目的建立封闭体系中药复方成分溶出动力学数学模型，并对六味地黄汤中有效成分梓醇的提取动力学参数进行研究与分析。方法将数学建模方法应用于中药提取过程的研究中，根据提取原理、Fick定律建立中药提取过程的数学模型，对数学模型进行拟合和参数分析。可求得函数表达式，运用该模型研究六味地黄汤中梓醇的动力学参数。结果建立了包舍三项e的指数形式的成分溶出浓度解析厦各参数分析方法。结论封闭可溶中药复方扩散体系的成分溶出符合线性动力学数学模型，各参数可根据溶出浓度表达式关系计算得到。     

药剂学GMP车间实训线上教学的探索

药剂学GMP虚拟仿真实训教学已被应用于药剂学实训教学中。在新形势下,基于教育部倡议“停课不停学”的基本思想,如何实现教师和学生在校园外或家中也能完成药剂学GMP虚拟仿真实训教学和学习任务是虚拟仿真教学改革噬待解决的重要问题。线上教学为该问题的解决提出了新的思路,线上教学目前已经成为了各大学开展课程的重要技术手段。基于GMP虚拟仿真实训教学是基于虚拟仿真平台的一门课程,虚拟仿真技术平台可以网络共享的特点决定了其与线上教学结合的可能性。本文以虚拟仿真技术平台与线上教学联合应用为目标建设了药剂学GMP车间实训线上课程。首先建设以线上平台（钉钉）与网络版GMP车间实训虚拟仿真技术平台联合模式为框架的在线课堂,为教师和学生提供可供课堂交流的平台。有效的解决了学生与教师远程交流的问题,实现了虚拟仿真平台互动教学的目标。然后在线课堂发布课程资源以及完成GMP车间实训在线教学和学习任务。在钉钉平台开通直播教学,通过在线演示或播放视频的形式进行知识讲解和师生互动,让学生完成对实训教学内容的学习。文章设计的在线教学与虚拟仿真教学联合教学模式的尝试拓展了在线教学在高校虚拟仿真课程中的应用,也为虚拟仿真平台与...     

Dosimetric effect of set-up error in accelerator-based boron neutron capture therapy for head and neck cancer

The dosimetric effect of set-up error in boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) for head and neck cancer remains unclear. In this study, we analyzed the tendency of dose error by treatment location when simulating the set-up error of patients. We also determined the tolerance level of the set-up error in BNCT for head and neck cancer. As a method, the distal direction was shifted with an interval of 2.5 mm, from 0.0 mm to +20.0 mm and compared with the dose at the reference position. Similarly, the horizontal direction and vertical direction were shifted, with an interval of 5.0 mm, from −20.0 mm to +20.0 mm. In addition, cases with 3.0 mm and 5.0 mm simultaneous shifts in all directions were analyzed as the worst-case scenario. The dose metrics of the minimum dose of the tumor and the maximum dose of the mucosa were evaluated. From unidirectional set-up error analysis, in most cases, the set-up errors with dose errors within ±5% were Δdistal < +2.5 mm, Δhorizontal < ±5.0 mm and Δvertical < ±5.0 mm. In the simulation of 3.0 mm shifts in all directions, the errors in the minimum tumor dose and maximum mucosal dose were −3.6% ±1.4% (range, −5.4% to −0.6%) and 2% ±1.4% (range, 0.4% to 4.5%), respectively. From these results, if the set-up error was within ±3.0 mm in each direction, the dose errors of the tumor and mucosa could be suppressed within approximately ±5%, which is suggested as a tolerance level.