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41.
The dosimetric effect of set-up error in boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) for head and neck cancer remains unclear. In this study, we analyzed the tendency of dose error by treatment location when simulating the set-up error of patients. We also determined the tolerance level of the set-up error in BNCT for head and neck cancer. As a method, the distal direction was shifted with an interval of 2.5 mm, from 0.0 mm to +20.0 mm and compared with the dose at the reference position. Similarly, the horizontal direction and vertical direction were shifted, with an interval of 5.0 mm, from −20.0 mm to +20.0 mm. In addition, cases with 3.0 mm and 5.0 mm simultaneous shifts in all directions were analyzed as the worst-case scenario. The dose metrics of the minimum dose of the tumor and the maximum dose of the mucosa were evaluated. From unidirectional set-up error analysis, in most cases, the set-up errors with dose errors within ±5% were Δdistal < +2.5 mm, Δhorizontal < ±5.0 mm and Δvertical < ±5.0 mm. In the simulation of 3.0 mm shifts in all directions, the errors in the minimum tumor dose and maximum mucosal dose were −3.6% ±1.4% (range, −5.4% to −0.6%) and 2% ±1.4% (range, 0.4% to 4.5%), respectively. From these results, if the set-up error was within ±3.0 mm in each direction, the dose errors of the tumor and mucosa could be suppressed within approximately ±5%, which is suggested as a tolerance level.  相似文献   
42.
目的 建立虚拟组织切片的体视学模型,并以软件系统作为实现手段,模拟虚拟切片过程,为体视学的理论提供一个客观实证工具.方法 以数学手段描述组织切片可能出现的二维形态特征,模拟切片过程,将所得到的数据进行数值分析,与经验公式进行了拟合比较.结果 基于此算法可实现虚拟随机模拟切片,经拟合优度检验数据分布的均匀性检验通过率达94.5%以上.独立性检验通过率达92%以上.且均符合正态性要求.经线性和曲线拟合能够得到与经验公式相一致的体视学参数相关关系.结论 本文所述算法具有可行性,可以反映数值模拟结果的正确性.  相似文献   
43.
目的建立封闭体系中药复方成分溶出动力学数学模型,并对六味地黄汤中有效成分梓醇的提取动力学参数进行研究与分析。方法将数学建模方法应用于中药提取过程的研究中,根据提取原理、Fick定律建立中药提取过程的数学模型,对数学模型进行拟合和参数分析。可求得函数表达式,运用该模型研究六味地黄汤中梓醇的动力学参数。结果建立了包舍三项e的指数形式的成分溶出浓度解析厦各参数分析方法。结论封闭可溶中药复方扩散体系的成分溶出符合线性动力学数学模型,各参数可根据溶出浓度表达式关系计算得到。  相似文献   
44.
通过CFD仿真动脉内一硬斑部分阻塞的血液流动特性,与理论计算值进行比较研究。对CFD应用于医学领域进行了初步的探讨性研究。  相似文献   
45.
46.
乙烯装置的模拟需要有准确的裂解炉进料信息,而通过对进料系统的模拟计算可以从较易测得的原料信息得到所需的裂解炉进料信息。通过对某石化企业乙烯装置进料系统进行模拟,根据体系特点集成数据校正以解决流量测量数据的不平衡和不完整的问题,利用数据的空间冗余提高了模拟计算所用数据的准确性和可靠性,并针对体系的特殊性提出了数据校正过程中出现几类负值的处理方法,最后模拟得到所需的裂解炉进料性质数据。  相似文献   
47.
三点法是一种传统的实时计算刚体三姿态角(滚动角、俯仰角和水平角)的方法。在盾构掘进过程中,观测点测量不同步会导致较大的姿态测量误差。采用卡尔曼滤波对观测点的坐标进行预测补偿来提高测量精度。建立系统运动的状态方程和量测方程,对系统噪声和量测噪声的协方差进行估计,通过递归运算对观测点坐标进行预测,蒙特卡洛仿真结果表明,这种处理方式优于传统三点法测量效果。仿真实验和测量实验结果都表明卡尔曼滤波算法既可以明显减小姿态角测量误差,又对随机系统噪声和量测噪声引起的姿态角误差具有抑制作用。  相似文献   
48.
Physiological saline is an indispensable element for maintaining the functions of life. The spreading performance of physiological saline droplets on the surface of graphene under different NaCl concentrations and electric field intensities was studied in the present work. The results show that the increase in NaCl concentration reduces the displacement vector value of molecules in droplets. In addition, NaCl is easy to aggregate on the surface of graphene. The increase in NaCl concentration makes it more difficult for droplets to penetrate the surface of graphene, and the penetration angle of droplets increases with the rise in NaCl concentration. With the increase in electric field intensity, the wetting effect of droplets is more obvious. The greater the electric field intensity is, the smaller the penetration angle is, which is mainly due to the polarity of water molecules. This study has reference significance for the study of body fluid volatilization on the human surface.  相似文献   
49.
In this study, the adsorption mechanisms of dodecylamine hydrochloride(DDAHC), sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate(SDBS), and their mixed anionic/cationic collectors at ten different molar ratios on a muscovite (Mcv) surface in neutral aqueous solution were assessed by molecular dynamics simulations (MDS). According to the snapshot, interaction energy, radial distribution function (RDF), and density profile between the Mcv surface and collector molecules, the individual DDAHC collector was an effective collector for the flotation of Mcv. The molar ratio of anionic/cationic collectors was determined to be an essential factor in the flotation recovery of Mcv. The DDAHC collector was involved in the adsorption of the mixed anionic/cationic collectors on the Mcv (001) surface, whereas SDS and SDBS collectors were co-adsorbed with DDAHC. The mixed cationic/anionic collector showed the best adsorption on the Mcv surface in a molar ratio of 2. Additionally, SDBS, which has one more benzene ring than SDS, was more likely to form spherical micelles with DDAHC, thus resulting in better adsorption on the Mcv surface. The results of micro-flotation experiments indicated that the DDAHC collector could improve the flotation recovery of Mcv in neutral aqueous solution, which was in agreement with MDS-derived findings. In conclusion, DDAHC alone is the optimum collector for Mcv flotation under the neutral aqueous conditions, while the mixture of DDAHC and SDBS collectors (molar ratio = 2:1) exhibits the similar flotation performance.  相似文献   
50.
This paper focuses on the effect of gear steel on distortion due to phase transformation in carburizing and quenching. The carburizing and quenching process of C-rings under suspension was studied by using the finite element method based on the thermo-mechanical theory, considering phase transformation. The phase transformation kinetics parameters, depending on different carbon contents, were measured by Gleeble-3500. The distortion behavior of the carburized C-ring during the cooling stage was analyzed, as well as the carbon concentration distribution and martensite volume fractions. The accuracy of the simulation was also verified by comparing the experimental data with the simulated result of the distortion and microstructure. A reliable basis is provided for predicting the distortion mechanism of gear steels in carburizing and quenching.  相似文献   
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