Experimental study and clinical use of poly(vinyl acetate) emulsion as liquid embolisation material

A new material, an emulsion of poly(vinyl acetate) was experimentally developed and clinically used to overcome several disadvantages in currently used liquid embolisation materials. The emulsion microparticles, 0.3–0.7 m in size, possessed cationic charge on the surface and hence aggregated immediately on contact with fluids containing anions. This inert polymer has the advantage that it does not induce a deleterious reaction in living tissue. Moreover, its medium is water and it is not adhesive, like the cyanoacrylates. Several concentrations of emulsion were injected into the renal arteries of dogs. For the investigation of tissue reactions and the possibility of recanalisation, the emulsion was injected into rats both subcutaneously and into the renal arteries. The renal artery injections in dogs showed adequate radiopacity and consistent complete occlusion. The lower the concentration of the emulsion, the smaller the arteries which could be occluded. Even at very low concentrations, however, venous occlusion did not occur. Histological study of the embolised rat kidney revealed no detectable damage in the vessel wall and no recanalisation for up to 6 months. The subcutaneously injected PVAc emulsion elicited mononuclear cell infiltration and gradual centripetal fibrosis, without any deleterious effect on the surrounding tissue. A cerebral arteriovenous malformation (AVM) was embolised using the material. Histology of the resected nidus showed findings similar to those in the animal experiments.     

延迟焦化装置综合优化控制策略的开发和应用

综合采用延迟焦化优化系统静态寻优值作为炉出口温度的设定基准值,在线实行急冷油程序控制和炉出口温度程序控制,开发了延迟焦化装置物料平衡的综合优化控制策略。并成功地应用在工业装置上。     

疝环充填无张力疝修补术（附50例报道）

目的 观察疝环充填无张力疝修补术的临床应用效果。方法 疝囊做高位剥离而不做高位结扎,用美国Bard公司生产的锥形疝环充填 物充填内环,再用该公司生产的成型补片于精溃后方贴补腹肥肉沟管后壁,其它步骤同传统的手术方法。结果 本组50例,手术时间为30-770分钟,平均40分钟。随访1年效果良好,未见并发症。结论 疝环充填无张力疝修补术具有疼痛轻微、复发率低以及术后恢复快等优点。     

Crystalluria in marathon runners

Summary In order to investigate further the possible relationship between urinary stone formation and marathon running, the crystalluria in seven male, stone forming runners was characterized. Particle size distribution curves (Coulter counter) and crystal number, size and morphology (scanning electron microscopy) were measured. These studies suggest that urinary stone formation may be accelerated in those subjects with previous histories of renal stone formation but that the nature of the crystalluria is favourably affected by an increase in fluid intake. The presence of large quantities of mucoid material in the urine of natural stone formers and its absence in the urine of stone-forming runners is cited as evidence for the existence of different aetiological mechanisms in these groups. It is concluded that while natural stone formers may be at chronic risk of stone formation due to pathological factors, marathon runners may be at acute risk due to factors associated with long distance running itself.     

医用高分子材料的Ames试验研究

男性绝育药输精管粘堵剂、男性避孕材料水凝胶、医用组织复合膜、胶原膜、复合缝线、铬制复合型可吸收缝线、药物载体聚乳酸、固定材料聚酯醚等８种医用高分子材料，经Ａｍｅｓ试验的标准菌株ＴＡ９７、ＴＡ９８、ＴＡ１００、ＴＡ１０２测试，均未诱发回复突变菌落数增加，对Ａｍｅｓ试验菌株无诱发突变作用。用这种方法测试不同类型的医用高分子材料是可行的。     

中西文化差异与旅游资料的翻译

目的:提高旅游资料翻译的质量,促进中国旅游业的进一步发展.方法:通过分析中西文化的主要差异和旅游资料翻译的特点,提出旅游资料翻译中的文化处理原则和具体的翻译技巧.结论:在具体的旅游翻译实践中,运用添加解释性语境信息、删减冗余信息、类比、再创造等方法,缩小文化差异,可成功地进行文化交流.     

生物体活性梯度功能材料

讨论了人工生物活性梯度功能材料之现状,展望了其发展趋势。     

纳米铁、纳米氧化锌和纳米氧化镁对小鼠血清乳酸脱氢酶和α-羟丁酸脱氢酶活性的影响

目的探讨纳米铁(Fe)、纳米氧化锌(ZnO)和纳米氧化镁(MgO)材料对小鼠血清乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)和α-羟丁酸脱氢酶(α-HBDH)活力的影响。方法分别以5g/Kg·wt剂量的纳米(Nano-)或微米(Micro-)粒径Fe、ZnO和MgO给小鼠一次经口灌胃,14d后处死取血分离血清分析LDH和α-HBDH活性变化。结果Nano-和Micro-Fe染毒小鼠血清LDH活力均比对照组明显降低(P<0.05),但Nano-Fe和Micro-Fe组小鼠血清LDH差异无显著性(P>0.05);对照、Nano-Fe和Micro-Fe三组小鼠血清α-HBDH差异无显著性(P>0.05)。Nano-MgO组小鼠血清LDH比对照组有所升高,但差异无显著性(P>0.05)。Micro-MgO组小鼠血清LDH比对照组和Nano-MgO组有明显升高(P<0.05);对照、Nano-MgO和Micro-MgO三组小鼠血清α-HBDH差异则无显著性(P>0.05)。两种粒径ZnO染毒组小鼠血清LDH和α-HBDH比对照组有显著性升高(P<0.05),其中Micro-ZnO组小鼠血清LDH和α-HBDH活力升高的更为显著(P>0.05)。结论Nano-Fe、Nano-ZnO和Nano-MgO材料对小鼠血清LDH及α-HBDH活性的影响与相应微米粒径材料有所不同。     

Iatrogenic bladder stone and associated vesicovaginal fistula after hysterectomy

A patient had irritative lower urinary tract symptoms for 2 years after hysterectomy. During cystoscopy, a bladder stone was seen and removed, but watery vaginal discharge emerged. The subsequent transvaginal ultrasound revealed a fistulous tract between the bladder and the vagina. The methylene blue test further confirmed the diagnosis of vesicovaginal fistula. We performed a delayed Latzko procedure to successfully repair the fistula.     

做好医用耗材准入管理工作

医用耗材种类繁多,从十几万的支架到几分钱的PE膜手套,设备处管理工作者的职责在于,把好医用耗材准入关,合理安排采购计划,做好服务保障工作,满足临床、科研和教学的需要。