番茄红素对果蝇寿命的影响及其分子机制

目的研究番茄红素对果蝇寿命的影响并探讨番茄红素延缓果蝇衰老的分子机制。方法在果蝇寿命试验中,采用30d龄的果蝇作为研究对象,在其培养基中分别加入0、2.5、7.5、22.5μg/g的番茄红素进行培养,直至果蝇全部死亡,分别计算雌雄果蝇的平均寿命和平均最高寿命。30d龄的雄性果蝇分成实验组和对照组,实验组果蝇培养基中添加22.5μg/g的番茄红素,培养10d、20d后分别取果蝇头部,采用基因表达谱芯片检测基因表达情况。结果添加2.5或7.5μg/g的番茄红素能够明显延长雄蝇的平均最高寿命(P<0.05),而添加22.5μg/g的番茄红素能够提高雌蝇和雄蝇的平均寿命和平均最高寿命(P<0.05)。在基因表达谱芯片实验中,加入番茄红素10d后有98个基因上调,这些基因涉及信号传递、物质代谢、转录、肿瘤抑制等过程。20d后有1个基因上调,9个基因下调。结论番茄红素能够延长果蝇寿命,通过上调参与物质代谢、信号传递等基因的表达来缓衰老进程。     

番茄红素对大气可吸入颗粒物致人肺成纤维细胞DNA损伤的保护作用

[目的]探讨大气粗颗粒物(PM10)、细颗粒物(PM2.5)对人肺成纤维细胞(HLF)增殖作用的影响和DNA链的损伤作用以及番茄红素的保护作用.[方法]采用细胞增殖试验(MTT)测定PM10、PM25以及番茄红素对HLF增殖作用.单细胞凝胶电泳法(SCGE)检测PM10、PM25对HLF DNA的损伤程度以及番茄红素对DNA损伤的保护作用.[结果]PM10、PM25均能抑制HLF的增殖,当颗粒物质量浓度为50μg/mL时,HLF的细胞存活率下降约10%,随着染毒剂量的增大细胞存活率进一步下降,具有明显的剂量一效应关系(P<0.01).同样质量浓度下比较,PM25对细胞增殖的抑制作用大干PM10;PM10和PM25均具有明显的DNA损伤作用,当PMs质量浓度仅为50μg/mL时,即能够引起细胞DNA损伤(P<0.01).且具有明显的剂量-反应关系(P<0.01),但PM25的损伤程度小于PM10;番茄红素可以有效地阻止由PM10、PM25导致的DNA损伤,浓度为25μmol/L的番茄红素即可明显减轻PMs对HLF造成的DNA损伤.[结论]PMs能抑制HLF的增殖、诱导HLF的DNA链断裂,番茄红素可以有效地减小PMs对HLF DNA造成的损伤.     

番茄红素对高脂血症患者的抗氧化作用

目的研究番茄红素对高脂血症患者的抗氧化作用。方法34例高脂血症患者(甘油三酯>1.88mmol/L)按血脂水平随机分为研究组和对照组,每组17例。研究组患者每日服用番茄红素18mg,服药30天,对照组服用除不含番茄红素外其余成分均与研究组药物成分相同的软胶囊。分别于服药前和停药后测定两组患者的血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活力和丙二醛(MDA)含量。结果服药前研究组与对照组的SOD、GSH-Px活性和MDA含量差异均无显著性。服药后研究组的GSH-Px活性显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论番茄红素对高脂血症患者具有抗氧化作用。     

番茄红素抗突变作用的实验研究

背景与目的:研究番茄红素对突变剂诱导的遗传损伤的抑制作用。材料与方法:采用修改的小鼠骨髓细胞微核试验和Ames试验:按《食品安全性毒理学评价程序和方法》试验,计数微核数、回复突变菌落数,计算微核率,相对菌落数和抑制率。结果:小鼠骨髓细胞微核试验中预先给予番茄红素的试验组与环磷酰胺阳性组比较微核率明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),番茄红素对环磷酰胺诱发小鼠胸骨骨髓微核的抑制率达到59%以上。番茄红素预处理突变剂的Ames试验中TA98、TA100均有相对回变菌落数的减少,与致突变物对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),且呈明显的剂量-反应关系;番茄红素与突变剂同时加入的Ames试验中只有TA98在140μg/皿剂量组有抑制作用。结论:番茄红素能有效抑制突变剂诱导的遗传损伤,具有一定的拮抗突变的作用。     

Reduction of exercise-induced asthma oxidative stress by lycopene, a natural antioxidant

BACKGROUND: Lycopene has previously been shown to have high antioxidative activity. In view of the controversy regarding the beneficial effect of antioxidants on asthma, the acute effects of lycopene (LYC-O-MATO) on airway hyperreactivity were assessed in patients with exercise-induced asthma (EIA). METHODS: Twenty patients with EIA participated in our study to verify the antioxidative effects. The test was based on the following sequence: measurement of baseline pulmonary function, 7-min exercise session on a motorized treadmill, 8-min rest and again measurement of pulmonary function, 1-week, oral, randomly administered, double-blind supplementation of placebo or 30 mg/day of lycopene (LYC-O-MATO), measurement of pulmonary function at rest, 7-min exercise session, and 8-min rest and again measurement of pulmonary function. A 4-week washout interval was allowed between each protocol. RESULTS: All patients given placebo showed significant postexercise reduction of more than 15% in their forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1). After receiving a daily dose of 30 mg of lycopene for 1 week, 11 (55%) patients were significantly protected against EIA. Serum analyses of the patients by high-pressure liquid chromatography detected in the lycopene-supplemented patients an elevated level of lycopene compared to the placebo group, with no change in retinol, tocopherols, or in the other carotenoids. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that a daily dose of lycopene exerts a protective effect against EIA in some patients, most probably through an in vivo antioxidative effect.     

番茄红素对力竭运动后红细胞抗氧化系统的影响

目的：观察补充番茄红素对力竭运动后红细胞膜抗氧化系统的影响。方法：20名男子受试者随机分为对照组与补充番茄红素组。结果：补充番茄红素组与对照组运动后的血清与红细胞中的MDA水平、血清中的SOD活性和GSH含量显著高于安静时水平；运动结束后30min，补充番茄红素组的红细胞中的MDA水平显著低于对照组；运动结束后30min，补充番茄红素组的红细胞中的SOD和血清中的GSH和SOD水平显著高于对照组（P均小于0．01）。结论：补充番茄红素对力竭运动造成的自由基增高有明显的抑制作用，可提高运动后机体内及红细胞的抗氧化酶活性。     

Neuroprotective Effect of Lycopene Against PTZ‐induced Kindling Seizures in Mice: Possible Behavioural,Biochemical and Mitochondrial Dysfunction

Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction are the major contributing factors in the pathophysiology of various neurological disorders. Recently, antioxidant therapies aimed at reducing oxidative stress gained a considerable attention in epilepsy treatment. Lycopene, a carotenoid antioxidant, has received scientific interest in recent years. So, the present study has been designed to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of lycopene against the pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)‐induced kindling epilepsy. Laca mice received lycopene (2.5, 5 and 10 mg/kg) and sodium valproate for a period of 29 days and PTZ (40 mg/kg i.p (Intraperitoneal)) injection on alternative days. Various behavioural (kindling score), biochemical parameters (lipid peroxidation, superoxide dismutase, reduced glutathione, catalase and nitrite) and mitochondrial enzyme complex activities (I, II and IV) were assessed in the brain. Results depicted that repeated administration of a sub‐convulsive dose of PTZ (40 mg/kg) significantly increased kindling score, oxidative damage and impaired mitochondrial enzyme complex activities (I, II and IV) as compared with naive animals. Lycopene (5 and 10 mg/kg) and sodium valproate (100 mg/kg) treatment for a duration of 29 days significantly attenuated kindling score, reversed oxidative damage and restored mitochondrial enzyme complex activities (I, II and IV) as compared with control. Thus, present study demonstrates the neuroprotective potential of lycopene in PTZ‐induced kindling in mice. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

番茄红素对心肌细胞氧化应激损伤的保护作用

目的：探讨番茄红素（Lycopene）对心肌细胞氧化应激损伤的保护作用及机制。方法体外培养 H9c2心肌细胞,分为正常对照组（对照组）、番茄红素预处理组（Lycopene组）、模型组（H2 O2组）和番茄红素预处理后建立模型组（Lycopene加H2 O2组）。除对照组及Lycopene组外,其余各组用过氧化氢（H2 O2）200μmol／L处理6 h ,建立心肌细胞氧化应激损伤模型。Lycopene组建模前30 min加入5μmol／L的番茄红素。6 h后M T T观察H9c2心肌细胞存活率;分光光度计检测细胞培养液上清中乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）、肌酸激酶同工酶（CK-MB）活性和细胞中丙二醛（MDA）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性;激光共聚焦联合流式细胞仪观察细胞内活性氧（ROS）的产生和线粒体膜电位;流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡;酶标仪检测细胞内ATP水平。结果与对照组比较,H2O2组LDH、CK-BM、ROS、MDA及细胞凋亡率显著增加,差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）;H9c2心肌细胞存活率、SOD、ATP及线粒体膜电位显著降低,差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。与 H2O2组比较,Lycopene加 H2O2组LDH、CK-BM、ROS、MDA及细胞凋亡率显著降低,差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）;H9c2心肌细胞存活率、SOD、ATP及线粒体膜电位显著增加,差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。结论番茄红素可以减轻氧化应激条件下H9c2心肌细胞的损伤,其机制可能与清除细胞内氧化应激产物,增强细胞内抗氧化酶活性及改善线粒体功能有关。     

番茄红素体外抗肿瘤作用实验研究

目的:研究番茄红素体外抑制肿瘤的可能机制。方法 :采用体外细胞培养技术观察番茄红素对人宫颈癌细胞 (Hela)、人肝癌细胞 (QGY- 770 3,Q3)、人肾癌细胞 (786 - O) 3种细胞系细胞凋亡及突变型 p5 3蛋白表达的影响。 结果 :吖啶橙荧光染色后未发现 3种癌细胞 (Hela、Q3、786 - O)有典型凋亡现象 ,Hoechst332 5 8荧光染色后在所试 2种癌细胞 (Hela、786 - O)中无典型凋亡现象。利用 DNA琼脂糖凝胶电泳技术检测细胞凋亡未见 3种 DNA移动呈“梯形”条带。受试物对 Hela、786 - O2种细胞突变型 p5 3蛋白表达的检测与未加受试物的空白对照相比未显示出明显变化。 结论 :番茄红素在体外对所试 3种癌细胞的抑制生长作用可能与促细胞凋亡无关 ,该作用也不是通过抑制突变型 p5 3蛋白表达途径实现的。