肺肿瘤细胞雌激素、孕激素和凝集素受体的组化研究

用酶联亲合组化法对46例肺肿瘤细胞进行了雌激素受体(ER)和孕激素受体(PR)检测。同时测定14例肺瘤肿患者血清雌二醇(E_2)浓度。结果表明:肺肿瘤 ER 阳性率为36.9%,PR 阳性率为13.0%。阳性率与性别、病理类型及血浆 E_2浓度无关。认为肺癌的发生发展可能与雌激素有依赖关系,提示内分泌疗法可能会成为原发肺肿瘤的一种治疗手段。另用 ABC 法对上述46例肺肿瘤中的29例进行了花生凝集素受体(PNA-R)和麦胚凝集素受体(WGA-R)的检测,PNA-R 在腺癌大都为顶浆型分布,鳞癌和透明细胞癌则多为胞膜型分布。结果提示 PNA-R 是肺癌分化过程中的一种标志,对肺癌分型、预后判断有一定协助作用。同时将29例肺肿瘤 PNA-R 与 ER 状况作对比研究,探讨了二者之间的相关性及可能的发生机制。     

A breathing lung phantom for 81mKr lung ventilation studies its use in dosimetry and quality control

The construction of a breathing lung phantom that can be used to measure the amount of radioactive gas in the lungs as well as to determine the absorbed dose is described. For a lung ventilation study that consists of 6 views of 300 kents each, an effective dose equivalent of 50 Sv was calculated. The phantom is also suitable for comparison of different generator systems.     

Primary endodermal sinus tumor of the prostate: report of a case

A 29-year-old man was admitted to the Department of Urology of the University of Padova with a diagnosis of prostatic adenocarcinoma. Cystourethrography showed a prostatic urethral obstruction, and CT scan demonstrated a low pelvic solid mass involving the prostate and the seminal vescicle. A radical prostatectomy was performed, and the prostate was found to be widely infiltrated by a neoplasia formed by tubules, papillary structures, and solid cords of cuboidal or flat elements, each having indistinct borders and scant cytoplasm, in a myxoid or fibrous stroma. "Schiller-Duval-like," PAS-diastase-resistant and alfa-fetoprotein hyaline bodies were present. An endodermal sinus (yolk-sac) tumor was diagnosed. There was infiltration of the periurethral prostatic ducts, prostatic urethra, and seminal vesicles and single lymph node metastasis. Testicular echotomography was negative. In spite of aggressive surgery and chemotherapy, the patient died 10 months after diagnosis. This is the third case in the literature after those presented by Benson and Michel.     

Secretory carcinoma of the breast in adults: emphasis on late recurrence and metastasis

Secretory (so-called juvenile) carcinoma of the breast, first described in children, occurs also in adult women, predominantly in the third decade. Less commonly it is seen in older age groups, up to the eighth decade. We report five patients with this tumour; one, a female aged 73, is the oldest age at which the tumour has been recorded, and one is the first report in an adult male in whom the disease recurred after 20 years, only the second recorded death attributable to this tumour type. Secretory carcinoma in adults is potentially more aggressive than in childhood. Nodal metastases are more frequent and sometimes more extensive. Recurrence of tumour after surgery developed in four of our five patients at 3, 8, 15 and 20 years. Slow growth and delayed recurrence are characteristic of many of these tumours. Death from systemic metastases is rare, but may ensue either rapidly or following a long latent period after treatment. Prolonged follow-up is needed to assess accurately the biological behaviour of this tumour.     

Functional effects of eotaxin are selectively upregulated on IL-5 transgenic mouse eosinophils

Synergistic interactions between cytokines, chemokines and adhesion molecules may facilitate the selective recruitment of eosinophils into sites of allergic inflammation. Ovalbumin-sensitized IL5TG mice responded to antigen challenge with robust airway eosinophilia 24 and 72 hr post-exposure. Adhesion molecule expression and functional responsiveness of immune cells derived from IL5TG mice to various inflammatory mediators were evaluated. IL5TG-derived eosinophils, but not neutrophils, expressed higher levels of CD49d and CD11b relative to WT. Functional responsiveness to eotaxin was increased in IL5TG eosinophils as demonstrated by a 10× increase in its potency in producing actin polymerization and 3× increase in CD11b upregulation relative to WT. These data are consistent with increased CCR3 expression on IL5TG eosinophils. Responsiveness of eosinophils to LTB4 or MIP-1 was similar between WT and IL-5TG mice. These data provide evidence of synergy between eosinophil-specific cytokines and chemokines that may promote accumulation of this cell type under conditions of allergic inflammation in vivo.     

Hepatitis B surface antigen and hepatocellular carcinoma in Southern Africa

Summary Most series in Africa show a high percentage of hepatitis B surface Hepatitis antigen in hepatocellular carcinoma. Two groups of cases were investigated in this study. The one was derived from the autopsy material at Baragwanath hospital from subjects who had lived in Soweto, a large Black urban town. The second group consisted of male Black mineworkers generally originating from rural areas. A combination of the aldehydefuchsin stain and immunoperoxidase technique was used. The two groups showed totally different results. The Baragwanath series consisted of 24 hepatocellular carcinomas of which only 4 (17%) were HBsAg positive. Of the 24 cases, 14 had cirrhosis of which 9 were macronodular and 5 micronodular. Ten of these cases showed heavy iron overload. The series of male Black mineworkers comprised 22 cases of which 16 (72%) were HBsAg positive. Twelve of the 22 cases showed a macronodular cirrhosis and there were no micronodular cirrhoses. Only one case showed severe iron overload. These findings delineate two different populations of hepatocellular carcinoma in Southern Africa.     

A case of type I Gaucher disease with cardiopulmonary amyloidosis and chitotriosidase deficiency

We present a case of Merkel cell carcinoma of the thigh diagnosed by conventional histology, immunohistochemistry, electron microscopy and cytogenetics. A unique chromosome 6 trisomy characterized this primary neoplasm, as confirmed by FISH study. The role of chromosome analysis and interphase cytogenetics is emphasized as an adjunct in the subtyping of tumours and their prognostic evaluation.     

鼻咽癌旁上皮细胞核DNA含量分析

应用显微分光光度计测定15例鼻咽癌19处癌旁病变的上皮细胞核DNA含量并与浸润癌相比较。中、重度异型增生上皮细胞核DI及超过2.5c细胞的百分数处于单纯增生+轻度异型增生与浸润癌之间,3组DI及超过2.5c细胞的百分数差异显著。中、重度异型增生以非整倍体为主,其细胞核DNA含量组方图相似于浸润癌。从细胞核DNA含量角度来看,中、重度异型增生是重要的癌前病变。