The cellular and molecular mechanism of laminin-glycopeptides on anti-metastasis

Ｌａｍｉｎｉｎ(ＬＮ)ｉｓａｍａｊｏｒｎｏｎｃｏｌｌａｇｅｎｏｕｓｇｌｙｃｏｐｒｏｔｅｉｎｉｎｂａｓｅｍｅｎｔｍｅｍｂｒａｎｅｓＩｔｈａｓｂｅｅｎｒｅｐｏｒｔｅｄｔｈａｔＬＮｃｏｕｌｄａｆｆｅｃｔａｎｕｍｂｅｒｏｆｂｉｏｌｏｇｉｃｂｅｈａｖｉｏｒｓｏｆｃａｒｃｉｎｏｍａｃｅｌｌｓｍｅｄｉａｔｅｄｂｙｔｈｅＬＮｒｅｃｅｐｔｏｒｓ1　ＩｔｉｓｋｎｏｗｎｔｈａｔｔｈｅＮｌｉｎｋｅｄｃｏｍｐｌｅｘｔｙｐｅｃａｒｂｏｈｙｄｒａｔｅｃｈａｉｎｓｏｎＬＮａｒｅｉｎｖｏｌｖｅｄｉｎｔｈｅｒｅｃｏｇｎｉｔｉｏｎａｎ…     

基于卷积神经网络和Transformer的肝脏CT图像分割方法

针对现有的卷积神经网络在肝脏图像分割上精度较低的问题,提出了一种以U-Net网络模型为基础的分割算法。将多头自注意力机制引入到U-Net网络的跳跃连接中,在编码器部分使用空洞卷积,采用混合损失函数从而提高分割精度。在LITS数据集上通过实验结果表明,利用本文方法进行肝脏分割与传统U-Net方法相比Dice系数提升3.3%,平均交并比提升了2.4%,平均像素准确率提升了3.66%。     

The effect of accident mechanisms and initial findings on the long-term course of whiplash injury

The aim of this study was to assess the relationships between accident mechanisms as well as initial findings and the long-term course of whiplash injury. A representative sample of 117 consecutive patients referred by primary care physicians was followed-up over 12 months. Fractures or dislocations of the cervical spine, head trauma and pre-existing neurological disorders were exclusion criteria. The interval between the accident and the baseline examination was 7.4 days (SD 4.2 days). Assessment included accident features (e.g. passenger position in the car, head restraint, head position, type of collision), initial symptoms (e.g. intensity and onset of pain, symptoms of neurological dysfunction, multiple symptom score), and signs (restricted neck movement, neurological deficits). At the 1-year examination, patients were divided into an asymptomatic and a symptomatic group and were compared with respect to accident features and baseline findings. Twenty-four percent of patients were still symptomatic after 1 year. Analysing accident mechanisms separately, rotated or inclined head position was the primary feature related to symptom persistence (P=0.005). The symptomatic group scored higher at baseline on the multiple symptom rating (P=0.004) and had a higher incidence of initial headache (P=0.004) and neurological symptoms (P=0.008) together with a higher intensity of headache (P=0.0002) and neck pain (P=0.0009). The following set of initial variables predicted persistence of symptoms at 1 year (logistic regression): intensity of neck pain (P=0.001) and headache (P=0.009), rotated or inclined head position (P=0.02), unpreparedness at the time of impact (P=0.01) and car stationary when hit (P=0.01). In conclusion, accident mechanisms and initial findings suggestive of more severe injury were significantly related to long-term persistence of symptoms after whiplash injury.This study was supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation (project number: 3.883-0.88) and the Swiss Accident Insurance Company (Schweizerische Unfallversicherungsanstalt), Berne     

Compression or distraction of the anterior cruciate injured knee

100 consecutive patients with a recent anterior cruciate ligament injury were examined with respect to type of sports activity that caused the injury, mechanism of injury and the occurrence of collateral ligament and meniscal lesions. There were 53 medial collateral ligament injuries, 12 medial, 35 lateral and 11 bicompartmental meniscal lesions. 59 patients were injured during contact sports, 30 in downhill skiing and 11 in other recreational activities, traffic accidents or at work. An associated medial collateral, ligament tear was more common in skiing (22/30) than during contact sports (23/59), whereas a bicompartmental meniscal lesion was found more frequently in contact sports (9/59) than in skiing (0/30). Weightbearing was reported by 56/59 of the patients with contact sports injuries and by 8/30 of those with skiing injuries. Non-weightbearing in the injury situation led to the same rate of MCL tears (18/28) as those reporting weightbearing (35/72) but significantly more intact menisci (19/28 vs 23/72). Thus, contact sports injuries were more often sustained during weightbearing, with a resultant joint compression of both femuro-tibial compartments as shown by the higher incidence of bicompartmental meniscal lesions. This might be an important prognostic factor for future joint disease and arthrosis. The classic unhappy triad was a rare finding (8/100) and we suggest that this entity should be replaced by the unhappy compression injury.     

正丁基葡萄糖苷合成的反应机理与动力学

在最佳反应条件下,采用直接法由葡萄糖与正丁醇反应合成正丁基葡萄糖苷,研究了该反应的反应机理,提出了直接法合成正丁基葡萄糖苷的宏观动力学模型,该过程为表观假一级可逆反应。     

从中医理论探索方药的作用机理

主要以所承担过的科研课题的研究思路及研究结果为依据,论述从传统中医理论探索方药作用机理的重要性。文中从养阴生津方药治疗热瘀证的作用、血分证中运用活血化瘀法的作用、辛开苦降法的作用及解表法的作用等方面论述从中医的特有理论出发,可以在探索方药作用机理时提供思路、开拓新的研究领域。同时,中医传统证治理论也要不断发展、提高,在运用传统证治理论研究方药作用机理时,不能完全被其所束缚,随着对证治理论认识的发展,对方药作用机理的认识也必然会出现一个飞跃。     

慢性低浓度二硫化碳接触作业工人血脂的变化

对某化纤厂99名长期接触低浓度二硫化碳（CS2）作业工人和28名同厂非CS2作业工人的血脂进行流行病学横断面调查。结果发现：除接触组脂蛋白（a）［Lp（a）］浓度明显高于对照组外,其它血脂指标差别均无统计学意义;进一步通过多元逐步回归分析发现,长期低浓度CS2接触对Lp（a）的影响最大,二者呈正相关（r＝0．43,P＜0．01）。提示Lp（a）可能在CS2致脂质代谢障碍毒作用机制中起着重要作用。     

单硝酸异山梨酯药动学和药效学特点及机制探讨

目的：对单硝酸异山梨酯药动学和药效学作用特点及其机制等方面进行评价,为该类药物的开发利用提供理论参考。方法：收集有关该药的国内外近期资料加以综合归纳。结果：较为系统的阐明了该药作用及作用机制在目前国内外研究状况,并提出将来的研究动态。结论：单硝酸异山梨酯具有疗效肯定、用途广泛、毒副作用小等特点     

原发性肾病综合征患者抗心磷脂抗体的研究

检测６８例原发性肾病综合征和３０例正常人抗心磷脂抗体（Ａｃｌ抗体）。结果示：Ａｃｌ抗体阳性率分别为３２３５％和３３３％;阳性组的高凝状态及肾小球损伤比阴性组病人更为明显,且对治疗的敏感性也显著降低。提示Ａｃｌ抗体在原发性肾病综合征的发病及发展中可能有着重要的作用。     

The involvement of an opiate mechanism in the sensitized behavioral deficit induced by early chronic variable stress: influence of desipramine

The influence of early chronic variable stress (CVS) associated with persistent desipramine (DMI) administration was examined on escape performance. Animals were exposed to CVS and 1 day later administered DMI (5 mg/kg, i.p. twice a day) or vehicle (VH) during six consecutive days. Escape performance was assessed over 24 h following inescapable shock (IS) exposure. Higher escape failures were observed in CVS shocked rats compared with unstressed shocked animals. DMI normalized escape failures in both groups. In order to investigate the role of an endogenous opiate mechanism presumably activated by CVS exposure in this behavioral deficit, rats were administered naltrexone (NAL, 2 mg/kg i.p.) or VH prior to each daily stressor of the CVS regime. NAL pretreatment blocked escape failures performed only by CVS shocked rats. In addition, animals were daily administered morphine (MOR, 10 mg/kg, i.p.) or VH during seven consecutive days and subsequently administered DMI. A significant increase in escape deficit in shocked rats was observed after chronic MOR but not following the associated treatment with MOR and DMI. These behavioral data suggest that early experience with a CVS facilitated the onset of escape deficit induced by a brief IS event, an effect that can be prevented by chronic DMI. Furthermore, this sensitized escape deficit response seems to be partially modulated by the previous activation of an opiate mechanism.