体内微型装置磁定位系统的计算机接口设计

在微型诊疗装置的应用中,微型装置的体内空间定位非常重要,而定位数据的采集是其中的关键环节.根据体内微型装置磁定位实验研究系统数据采集的特点,设计出一种基于单片机和串口通信的计算机接口用于定位数据的收集、传输等.实验表明,该接口电路能满足实时采集数据的需要,数据传输可靠,在计算机中可以进行现场采集数据的实时保存及其他后处理,能满足实验系统的要求.     

Blurring the distinctions between on and off the job injuries: similarities and differences in circumstances.

OBJECTIVES: To compare the causes of non-fatal work and non-work injuries and the places or environments where they occur. It has been suggested that many injuries may have similar etiologies on and off the job and thus involve some common prevention strategies. However lack of comparable data on work relatedness has prevented testing this proposition. METHODS: The National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) now collects information on the cause, location, and work relatedness of all medically attended injuries. National US estimates of non-fatal work and non-work injuries were compared by cause and place/location for working age adults (18-64 years). RESULTS: Overall 28.6% of injuries to working age adults were work related (37.5% among employed people). The causes and locations of many work and non-work injuries were similar. Falls, overexertion, and struck/caught by were leading causes for work and non-work injuries. Motor vehicle injuries were less likely to be work related (3.4% at work v 19.5% non-work) and overexertion injuries more likely to be work related (27.1% v 13.8%). Assaults were less than 1% of work injuries and 1.8% of non-work injuries. Both work and non-work injuries occurred in every location examined-including the home where 3.5% of injuries were work related. CONCLUSIONS: Work and non-work injuries share many similarities suggesting opportunities to broaden injury prevention programs commonly restricted to one setting or the other. Comprehensive efforts to prevent both non-work and work injuries may result in considerable cost savings not only to society but also directly to employers, who incur much of the associated costs.     

球花石斛茎中香豆素类成分的定位与相对定量

目的探讨不同生长年限、不同部位球花石斛 (Dendrobium thyrsiflorum Rchb. f.)茎中香豆素类(coumarins)成分的分布与相对含量变化，为合理评价及利用药用石斛提供科学依据。方法利用激光共聚焦显微技术(laser scanning confocal microscopy, LSCM)观察二月份采收的球花石斛1-3龄茎的基部、中部和顶部的香豆素类成分。所记录数据经正态性、方差齐性检验后进行方差分析(ANOVA)，并使用Tukey′s检验作多重比较。结果 香豆素类成分主要分布在球花石斛茎的维管束部位并以维管束外侧纤维的壁较多。统计分析显示香豆素类成分的含量在不同年龄茎的各个部位之间差异极显著或显著，显著值分别为：基部P=0.004(<0.01)；中部P=0.009(<0.01)；顶部P=0.036(<0.05)。结论若以利用香豆素类成分为目的，建议二月采收时，宜选择2龄茎。     

Dravet综合征患儿致病基因定位及GEFS+基因突变检测

目的分析海南地区Dravet综合征患儿的遗传特征。方法收集2015—2017年期间海南省18例Dravet综合征患儿及家系成员的外周血,采用PCR扩增及Sanger测序法进行SCN1A基因检测,运用连锁分析应用软件GenomeStudio进行致病基因定位分型与连锁分析;对Sanger测序法未发现SCN1A基因突变的患儿,采用多重连接依赖的探针扩增(MLPA)方法分析SCN1A基因片段缺失或重复,并筛查父母SCN1A基因,分析其突变来源。结果 18例Dravet综合征患儿及父母基因定位扫描结果完全符合亲子间的孟德尔遗传关系。SCN1A基因突变患儿可定位到5号、9号、22号染色体3个候选突变区域。其中5号染色体区域位于SNPRs 4957954至Rs 728937,在Rs 1459085处可获取到最大LOD值2. 13;9号染色体区域位于SNPRs 720974至Rs 1220087,在Rs 71332677处可获取到最大LOD值1. 92;22号染色体区域位于SNPRs 756658至Rs 713751,在Rs 374225处可获取到最大LOD值1. 91。18例患儿中,12例SCN1A基因突变,其中6例CDS区域的第5383位碱基呈现杂合变异(G→A),4例13号外显子和CDS区域的第2292位碱基纯合变异(T→C),2例SCN1A基因非编码区域碱基纯合变异(A→T)。结论海南Dravet综合征患儿的基因定位完全符合孟德尔遗传关系,推测Rs4957954至Rs728937、Rs720974至Rs1220087、及Rs756658至Rs713751区域是Dravet综合征的可能致病性区域。     

Consonant and sign phoneme acquisition in signing children following cochlear implantation

Abstract

Deaf children from signing programs provide new opportunities to investigate changes in sign and speech acquisition following cochlear implantation. We describe the acquisition of sign phonemes (location, movement, and handshapes) and speech phonemes (consonants) in 22 implanted children with diverse demographic backgrounds. New consonants and new sign phonemes emerged in developmentally expected sequences and with statistically significant correlation coefficients between cumulative number of new consonants and new sign phonemes over time. Regression slopes from plotted z scores revealed a burst in consonant and sign growth in early months post-implant, with continuous but plateauing growth over time. These results and documentation of developmental levels of sign and speech phoneme trajectories should be helpful to other researchers and to clinicians working with signing children who have cochlear implants.     

Too far away to work with each other: Does location impact on pharmacists’ perceptions of interprofessional interactions?

In recent years, the delivery of health services has seen a shift towards interprofessional teamwork in order to effectively utilise the skills of each member of the healthcare team to deliver optimal patient care. Nevertheless, a variety of barriers, including lack of communication between healthcare professionals (HCPs), have been identified. The expanding clinical services provided by community pharmacies have increased the potential for pharmacist-HCP interaction; however, primary care pharmacy environments vary from individual distinct premises to part of interprofessional ‘health centres’. As such, one potential factor affecting interprofessional communication could be the geographical location (‘space’) of HCPs. This study sought to determine whether these different primary healthcare ‘spaces’ impact on the frequency of interprofessional interactions. An anonymous, self-complete questionnaire was sent to all community pharmacies in Wales (n = 716) to quantify the frequency of interprofessional interactions between community pharmacists and other HCPs. A response rate of 62% was achieved. Results showed that pharmacists working in pharmacies physically linked to general practitioner (GP) surgeries had significantly more frequent interaction with HCPs based within the surgeries. This suggests that housing HCPs in the same physical space will enable more interprofessional interaction, supporting the drive to improve the quality of patient care.     

Scaphoid fracture geometrics: an assessment of location and orientation

The location and angle of scaphoid fractures are important attributes which guide management. We used a 3 dimensional scaphoid model, generated from CT scans, to map scaphoid fracture planes. The point at which the fracture plane crossed the central axis of the scaphoid was noted. The angle of the fracture planes with regard to the central axis was also noted. This allowed calculation of the location of the fracture and the angle of the 379 fractures. The mean point of intersection for fractures with the scaphoid axis was 50% along the scaphoid. Sixty percent of all fractures were found around the central 20% of the scaphoid. The mean angle between the scaphoid axis and the fracture plane was 63 degrees). On comparing angle with location, as fractures move away from the scaphoid waist, they become less perpendicular to the scaphoid axis (p?p?p?p?=?.018). There was no link between fracture plane angles and age, sex and union status. Most fractures occur at the centre of the scaphoid. There is a link between the location and angle of scaphoid fractures. It also identifies older patients and males are more likely to have more proximal scaphoid fractures.