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Disposition and hypoglycaemic action of glipizide in diabetic patients given a single dose of nifedipine 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
A. A. Connacher A. H. El Debani T. E. Isles I. H. Stevenson 《European journal of clinical pharmacology》1987,32(1):81-83
Summary Adrenaline, when administered in dental local anaesthetic solutions, significantly reduces the plasma potassium concentration in young healthy adults. This effect occurs within 10 min of extravascular injections into the maxillary buccal sulcus and may influence the choice of local anaesthetic solution for patients receiving kaliuretic diuretics. 相似文献
13.
Immune modulation by cadmium and lead in the acute reporter antigen-popliteal lymph node assay. 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Immune modulation by heavy metals may cause serious adverse health effects in humans, although the mechanisms involved are not well understood. Both cadmium and lead are important environmental and occupational toxins. Therefore, in the current study, the costimulatory/adjuvant effects and the T-cell-activating potential of these metals (i.e., CdCl2 and PbCl2), are examined. These immune-modulating properties are critical in the development of conditions such as allergy, hypersensitivity, and autoimmunity. Using the direct popliteal lymph node assay (PLNA) and reporter antigen-popliteal lymph node assay (RA-PLNA) both metals were examined individually for immunotoxicity. Mercury (i.e., HgCl2) was included for comparative purposes as its effects in the RA-PLNA are well documented. Seven days following a single footpad injection containing metal and/or RA (trinitrophenyl-ovalbumin [TNP-OVA] or TNP-Ficoll), BALB/c mice were sacrificed and the popliteal lymph nodes (PLNs) removed. PLN cellularity, TNP-specific antibody-secreting cells (ASCs), and lymphocyte subsets were assessed. All three metals strongly stimulated T- and B-cell proliferation and ASC production following coinjection with the RA TNP-OVA. In each case, ASC production was skewed towards the IgG1 isotype. In addition, all three metals induced IgG production to TNP-Ficoll (although relatively weakly in the case of Cd). These results show that each of these metals can provide adjuvant signals to promote lymphocyte proliferation and enhance adaptive immune responses to unrelated antigens. Skewing of immune responses towards T helper type 2 responses suggests that each of these metals can enhance allergic and hypersensitivity reactions to environmental antigens. Furthermore, the induction of IgG responses to TNP-Ficoll, a T-cell-independent antigen, indicates that each of these metals can activate neoantigen-specific T cells. T-cell activation by metals can lead to metal hypersensitivity and has been implicated in the development of autoimmunity. This is the first report of immune modulation by CdCl2 and PbCl2 in the RA-PLNA. 相似文献
14.
目的 评价18F-脱氧葡萄糖(FDG)符合线路显像与异机CT图像融合诊断非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)术后放化疗后复发转移的价值.方法 对可疑复发转移的40例NSCLC患者行18F-FDG符合线路显像,并于显像前后1周内行CT扫描.用三维(3D)图像融合软件进行图像融合.结果 在18F-FDG符合线路显像与CT扫描相同的范围内,40例患者共检出病灶58处,其中恶性52处,良性6处.融合图像诊断NSCLC复发转移的灵敏度、特异性、准确性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值、阳性似然比及阴性似然比分别为94.23%(49/52),5/6,93.10%(54/58),98.00%(49/50),5/8,5.65及0.07.图像融合灵敏度、准确性明显高于CT.单纯18F-FDG符合线路显像诊断效能与图像融合无差别,但与CT图像融合可明显提高对病灶的定位诊断(提高44.83%).结论 18F-FDG符合线路与CT图像融合诊断NSCLC术后放化疗后复发转移灵敏度高,定位准确,值得推广应用. 相似文献
15.
Lin Bo Wang Jian Guo Shen Li Feng Dong Chao Yang Xu Wen Jun Chen Shu Duo Xie Xiang Yang Song Ning Dai Xiao Ming Yuan 《Journal of gastrointestinal surgery》2008,12(8):1359-1363
We previously reported that lymphatic mapping using isosulfan blue can be used to identify sentinel nodes (SNs). This study
was undertaken to evaluate the feasibility of using the SN technique in treating early gastric cancer and to explore its usefulness
for minimal invasive surgery. Twenty-three patients with early gastric cancer who underwent SN biopsy were retrospectively
evaluated. Based on SN evaluation, individualized surgery was performed in five patients with T1N0M0 gastric cancer. When
pathological examination of frozen sections revealed metastasis in SNs, we performed a standard D2 gastrectomy. Laparoscopic
local resection was applied when the SN biopsy was negative. Our results showed that the success rate with SN biopsy in early
gastric cancer was 100%, as were the accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity. All five patients with early gastric cancer had
SNs negative for metastases both by frozen section and by postoperative pathology. Thus, all these patients underwent laparoscopic
local resection without extended lymphadenectomy. We conclude that SN biopsy is a useful tool to individualize the operative
procedure, and laparoscopic local resection can be safely performed using SN guidance in selected patients with early gastric
cancer. 相似文献
16.
Eva Maria Valesky Diamant Thai Markus Meissner Christian Beier Manfred Wolter Helmut Schfer Roland Kaufmann 《Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft》2007,5(9):770-772
With 1–1.5 million cases reported every year cutaneous leishmaniasis represents an increasing health problem. The course of cutaneous leishmaniasis varies from a single self‐healing ulcer to a persistent ulcer or progressive mucosal disease with nasopharyngeal destruction. An enormous array of topical and systemic treatment modalities has been endorsed. The response to treatment depends on the species of parasite as well as the host's immunological and genetic status. Species‐specific treatment guidelines based on evidence from controlled studies are highly desirable. We present two cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis, one in a child and one during pregnancy, reviewing various diagnostic and therapeutic measures with special attention to problems in young and pregnant patients. 相似文献
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Jean-Fran ois Marini Fran oise Pons Jocelyne Leger Nathalie Loffreda Monique Anoal Martine Chevallay Michel Fardeau Jean J. Leger 《Neuromuscular disorders : NMD》1991,1(6):397-409
The expression of MHC isoforms in the skeletal muscles of nine patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) (from 2.5 to 15 yr of age) and three DMD carriers was studied using different specific anti-MHC MAbs. We also analyzed muscle fiber size and fiber reactivity with acridine orange and/or with a surface antigen marker. One-quarter of all fibers of DMD patients, or less with age, were of normal size and contained only adult slow MHC. Half of the muscle fibers contained adult and developmental MHCs. Only half of these fibers were representative of an active regenerative process. MHC co-expression also altered the proportion of normal fast or slow fibers. Adult fast MHCs were expressed as unique MHC only in small and very small fibers in the oldest DMD patients. In DMD carrier muscles, the greatest alterations in MHC expression were observed in patients with the most reduced dystrophin expression. However, MHC changes in dystrophin-positive fibers were similar to those observed in dystrophin-free fibers. In conclusion, disruptions or delays in the switching of all genes coding for adult fast and slow MHC and developmental MHC coincided with dystrophin deletion and with perturbations in its expression. 相似文献
19.
鼻咽癌常规放疗靶体积合理性的初步探讨 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
目的分析鼻咽癌常规放疗的局部控制情况和局部复发的剂量学模式,初步探讨照射靶体积确定的合理性.方法共476例初治鼻咽癌患者接受规范化单纯常规根治性放疗.全部病例均采用常规模拟定位,鼻咽靶体积为CT检查所见的原发病灶范围以及可能侵犯的亚临床病灶区域.利用Kaplan-Meier方法计算局部累积复发率;将鼻咽局部复发患者疗前和复发时局部病灶范围(Vnx和Vrecur)勾画于三维治疗计划系统,复制首程放疗的射野并按原处方剂量进行计算,根据剂量体积直方图进行剂量学评价:recurV95(95%处方剂量曲线包括的Vrecur)≥95%定义为野内复发,95%>recurV95≥20%定义为野边缘复发,20%>recurV95定义为野外复发.结果局部复发共52例,全组1、2、3、4年局部累积复发率分别为0.6%、3.9%、8.7%、11.5%.对42例局部复发的剂量学分析显示野内复发占多数(52%),而大部分野边缘复发和全部野外复发均与射野设置不当、影像学阅片能力欠缺使首程放疗剂量不足有关.结论较好的局部控制率、复发的剂量学模式的分析结果提示该靶体积的设置比较合理.提高影像阅片能力,准确的射野设计,充分利用生物影像学工具,有针对性地提高照射剂量,有望进一步提高局部控制率. 相似文献
20.