社交焦虑障碍成人依恋类型与防御机制关系的研究

目的探讨社交焦虑障碍（SAD）的成人依恋类型与其心理防御机制的关系,为进一步了解SAD的发病机制提供前期”研究基础。方法取病人组82人,建立配对正常对照组82人。采用AAS、DSQ测量工具。结果SAD组在使用中间型、不成熟和成熟的防御机制以及掩饰上与正常人相比差异均有统计学意义。结论SAD组比对照组更多采用不成熟防御机制。SAD恐惧型动用的防御机制最多,有神经症性防御机制、不成熟性防御机制、精神病性防御机制。SAD先占型的特殊防御机制有精神病性防御机制和不成熟性防御机制。SAD拒绝类型更多使用成熟的防御机制和精神病性防御机制。SAD安全型使用了成熟性防御机制,但并不突出。     

口语焦虑源问卷试用报告及其与应对方式的相关研究

目的调查大学生英语口语焦虑现状,探讨应对方式与口语焦虑的关系模型,为英语口语焦虑的干预服务。方法使用自编英语口语焦虑问卷和肖计划修订的应对方式问卷调查了567名大学生,所有数据用SPSS12.0和AMOS4.01进行分析,使用t检验、方差分析、相关分析、模型建构等方法。结果1大学生口语焦虑总分呈近似正态分布,偏度值为-0.503;2口语焦虑源问卷各因素得分与总分在性别、专业性质、年级、生源地等4个维度上存在不同程度的显著差异。3应对方式影响口语焦虑的模型达到较好的拟合,χ2/df、RMSEA、TLI、CFI4个指标分别为4.006,0.078,0.988,0.992。结论大学生的英语口语焦虑水平与性别、年级、专业、生源地有密切关系,应对方式可以预测口语焦虑。     

医学生人格特质、应对方式及心理健康状况的通径分析

目的:探讨人格特质及应对方式对医学生心理健康的影响.方法:采用分层整群抽样法对潍坊医学院486名医学生进行艾森克人格问卷简式量表(EPQ-RSC)、简易应对方式问卷(SCSQ)及一般健康问卷(GHQ-20)调查研究,采用通径分析研究影响医学生心理健康的主要因素及其作用方式.结果:研究显示,外向型和神经质人格是医学生自我...     

Association between Fathers’ and Mothers’ Parenting Styles and the Risk of Overweight/Obesity among Adolescents in San José Province,Costa Rica

Parenting styles are a risk factor for adolescents overweight/obesity worldwide, but this association is not well understood in the context of Latin America. This study examines the association between the parenting styles of mothers and fathers and the risk of overweight/obesity among Costa Rican adolescents. Data are cross-sectional from a sample of adolescents (13–18 years old) enrolled in ten urban and eight rural schools (n = 18) in the province of San José, Costa Rica, in 2017. Hierarchical logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the likelihood of adolescents being overweight according to the mothers’ and fathers’ parenting styles. A significant association was found between the risk of adolescent overweight/obesity and the paternal authoritarian style only in rural areas (B = 0.622, SE = 0.317, Wald = 3.864, ExpB = 1.863, p = 0.04), and between said risk and the paternal permissive style only in male adolescents (B = 0.901, SE = 0.435, Wald = 4.286, ExpB = 2.461, p = 0.038). For maternal parenting styles, no associations reached significant levels once logistic regression models were adjusted for the fathers’ parenting styles. These findings underscore the importance of further studying the role of fathers’ paternal parenting styles on Latin American adolescent weight outcomes. Expanding our understanding of the parenting styles of fathers has important implications for the design and implementation of culturally- and gender-appropriate family interventions.     

慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者疾病获益感分型及影响因素研究

目的 调查慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者疾病获益感现状，并识别潜在亚组及其人群特征，为制定针对性及特异性的心理干预提供参考。方法 采取便利抽样法，对337例慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者采用一般资料调查表、疾病获益感量表、家庭亲密度量表、疾病应对方式问卷进行调查。采用潜在剖面分析建立亚组模型，并用单因素方差分析、有序logistic回归分析探讨患者疾病获益感潜在类别的影响因素。结果 患者疾病获益感可分为低获益组(24.93%)、中等获益组(57.86%)、高获益-个人成长组(17.21%)3种潜在类别。回归分析结果显示，性别、医疗保险、每周运动次数、病程、面对与屈服医学应对方式是患者疾病获益感的影响因素(均P<0.05)。结论 慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者疾病获益感存在3个潜在类别，医护人员可根据患者不同人口学特征及疾病获益感潜在类别制定针对性的干预措施，以提高疾病获益感水平。     

遭受工作场所暴力急诊护士情绪调节策略在应对方式与抗逆力之间的调节效应

目的 探讨遭受工作场所暴力急诊护士情绪调节策略在应对方式与抗逆力之间的调节作用，为护理管理者实施针对性管理措施提供依据。方法 选择上海市三甲医院239名遭受工作场所暴力的急诊科护士作为调查对象，采用一般资料问卷、中文版抗逆力简表、情绪调节问卷、特质应对方式问卷进行调查。结果 239名遭受工作场所暴力急诊护士的抗逆力得分为(27.42±7.44)分。认知重评、表达抑制、积极应对与急诊护士抗逆力呈正相关(均P<0.05),消极应对方式与抗逆力呈负相关(P<0.05);积极应对方式可以直接预测抗逆力，认知重评(β=-0.022,P<0.05)和表达抑制(β=-0.031,P<0.05)在积极应对方式与抗逆力间起调节作用。结论 遭受工作场所暴力急诊护士的抗逆力得分处于较低水平，情绪调节策略能够增强护士积极应对方式对抗逆力的影响。提高遭受工作场所暴力急诊护士的积极应对方式，同时帮助他们增强情绪调节策略的使用，能够有助于提高急诊护士的抗逆力，减少工作场所暴力带来的不良影响，维持身心健康。     

2010年某部新兵应对方式状况的调查分析

目的了解2010年某部新兵的应对方式状况。方法采用简易应对方式问卷（SCSQ）对204名某部新兵进行测试。结果新兵的消极应对维度分显著低于正常人（P〈0.01）;男性新兵的积极应对维度分显著低于女性新兵（P〈0.01）;城市户口新兵的积极应对维度分显著高于农村户口新兵（P〈0.05）;大专以上文化程度新兵的积极应对维度分显著高于初中或高中文化程度新兵（P〈0.01）。结论新兵的应对方式状况良好,尤其是大学生女性新兵更好,有助于形成良好的心理健康水平。     

The effect of prosocial behaviours on Chinese undergraduate nursing students' subjective well-being: The mediating role of psychological resilience and coping styles

This study aimed to explore the effect of prosocial behaviours on Chinese undergraduate nursing students' subjective well-being (SWB) and examine the roles of psychological resilience and coping styles. The sample for this study included 683 nursing students from two undergraduate universities in Henan Province, China. SWB, prosocial behaviours, psychological resilience, and coping styles were assessed by the Index of Well-Being, the Prosocial Behavioural Tendency Scale, the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, and the Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire, respectively. We adopted Pearson's correlation analysis and the PROCESS Macro Model 81 in regression analysis to explore the relationships among prosocial behaviours, psychological resilience, coping styles, and SWB. Prosocial behaviours of undergraduate nursing students had a positive predictive effect on SWB; psychological resilience and coping styles both were the mediating variable between prosocial behaviours and undergraduate nursing students' SWB; psychological resilience and coping styles played a chain mediating role between the prosocial behaviours and SWB of undergraduate nursing students. The results indicated that prosocial behaviours not only directly affected the SWB of undergraduate nursing students but also affected the SWB of undergraduate nursing students via psychological resilience and coping styles. These results offer certain theoretical support and guidance for the research and improvement of undergraduate nursing students' SWB and emphasize the importance of interventions to increase prosocial behaviours, improve psychological resilience, promote positive coping styles, and address negative coping styles.