基于ζ电位的甘草水提液絮凝澄清效果研究

目的研究ξ电位对于甘草水提液絮凝效果的影响,优选甘草水提液的最佳絮凝工艺。方法采用天然高分子絮凝剂壳聚糖对甘草水提液进行絮凝除杂处理。通过单因素试验、正交试验及粒度试验,证明ξ电位与药液絮凝率之间存在的深层关系。结果在单因素条件影响下,药液的絮凝率均是在体系的ξ电位绝对值最低、最接近等电点时达到最高。通过正交试验确定甘草水提液絮凝的最佳工艺条件为壳聚糖投加量0.347g/L,pH值为6,温度30℃,此条件下体系的ξ电位为-1.67mV,在所有试验组中最接近等电点,药液的絮凝率高达95.29%。絮凝前原液的ξ电位为-14.78 mV,药液中颗粒的平均粒径为17.12μm;絮凝后上清液的ξ电位为-1.67 mV,颗粒平均粒径为6.77μm。ξ电位的变化改变着溶胶体系中的颗粒行为,并最终影响药液的絮凝率。结论在甘草水提液絮凝的过程中,ξ电位对药液的絮凝率有着重要的影响:ξ电位的绝对值越低,越接近等电点,药液的絮凝率越高。同时由于ξ电位更能反映絮凝过程的本质,因此可为絮凝条件的选择提供强有力的依据。     

芍药甘草汤治疗踝关节骨髓水肿综合征的疗效分析

目的分析芍药甘草汤治疗踝关节骨髓水肿综合征的疗效。方法选取我院收治的100例踝关节骨髓水肿综合征患者,随机分为对照组与观察组各50例。对照组采用口服双氯芬酸钠肠溶片结合冰敷治疗,观察组采用芍药甘草汤内服结合冰敷治疗。两组患者用药治疗同时均行踝关节功能锻炼,对比两组的治疗效果。结果治疗14 d后,观察组的总有效率明显高于对照组(P <0.05)。治疗后3个月、 6个月,观察组的AOFAS评分均明显高于对照组(P <0.05)。观察组的不良反应发生率明显低于对照组(P <0.05)。结论芍药甘草汤治疗踝关节骨髓水肿综合征的疗效确切,患者的不良反应发生率较低,值得临床推广应用。     

Effect of licorice compounds licochalcone A, glabridin and glycyrrhizic acid on growth and virulence properties of Candida albicans

Candida albicans is the predominant causal agent of candidiasis. Its ability to form hyphae and biofilm has been suggested to be key virulence factors. In this study, we investigated the effect of major licorice compounds licochalcone A, glabridin and glycyrrhizic acid on growth, biofilm formation and yeast-hyphal transition of C. albicans. The synergistic effect of licorice compounds with the antifungal drug nystatin was also evaluated. Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for C. albicans were determined using a microplate dilution assay. The synergistic effect with nystatin was determined similarly. The effect of licorice compounds on biofilm formation was evaluated using a microplate assay and crystal violet staining. The effect of licorice compounds on yeast-hyphal transition was determined by microscopic observation. The toxicity of licorice compounds towards oral epithelial cells was evaluated with an MTT assay. Glabridin and licochalcone A showed antifungal activity on C. albicans while glycyrrhizic acid had no effect. Complete growth inhibition occurred with sub-inhibitory concentrations of nystatin with either glabridin or licochalcone A. Biofilm formation was inhibited by 35-60% in the presence of licochalcone A (0.2 μg ml(-1)). A strong inhibitory effect (>80%) on hyphal formation was observed with licochalcone A or glabridin (100 μg ml(-1)). Glabridin and licochalcone A at high concentrations showed toxicity towards oral epithelial cells. In summary, glabridin and licochalcone A are potent antifungal agents and may act in synergy with nystatin to inhibit growth of C. albicans. Licochalcone A has a significant effect on biofilm formation, while both licochalcone A and glabridin prevented yeast-hyphal transition in C. albicans. These results suggest a therapeutic potential of licochalcone A and glabridin for C. albicans oral infections.     

Cytoprotective Activity of Glycyrrhizae radix Extract Against Arsenite-induced Cytotoxicity

Licorice, Glycyrrhizae radix, is one of the herbal medicines in East Asia that has been commonly used for treating various diseases, including stomach disorders. This study investigated the effect of licorice on arsenite (As)-induced cytotoxicity in H4IIE cells, a rat hepatocyte-derived cell line. Cell viability was significantly diminished in As-treated H4IIE cells in a time and concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, results from flow cytometric assay and DNA laddering in H4IIE cells showed that As treatment induced apoptotic cell death by activating caspase-3. Licorice (0.1 and 1.0 mg ml(-1)) treatment significantly inhibited cell death and the activity of caspase-3 in response to As exposure. These results demonstrate that licorice induced a cytoprotective effect against As-induced cell death by inhibition of caspase-3.     

甘肃不同地域乌拉尔甘草质量的化学模式评价

目的评价甘肃不同产地乌拉尔甘草的质量,探讨适宜的种植区域。方法采用高效液相色谱法测定甘草酸和甘草苷含量,紫外法测定总黄酮及水溶性浸出物含量,应用主成分分析和聚类分析综合评价甘草的质量。结果由于甘肃生态条件及种植技术等原因,各地乌拉尔甘草质量存在差异,甘草酸含量范围1.82%～8.25%,甘草苷含量范围0.83%～6.09%,其中2批样品甘草酸未达到《中华人民共和国药典》的规定。结论化学模式评价可以较好地评价质量状况,其结果也可用于优选种植适宜区域。     

中国药用甘草物种划分的分子基础研究

目的:阐明中国药用甘草物种之间的界限,为甘草资源开发和优良品种选育奠定基础。方法:PCR扩增、DNA序列测定、分支分析。结果:获得我国甘草属8种(变种)植物的ITS序列,得到中国药用甘草的系统发育树。结论:支持黄甘草归并入胀果甘草、密腺甘草归并入光果甘草;支持无腺毛甘草为独立的物种。     

可宁汤有效成分抗实验性口腔溃疡作用的研究

[目的]研究可宁汤有效成分治疗口腔溃疡的作用。[方法]以石炭酸制备大鼠口腔溃疡模型,随即将造模大鼠随机分为可宁汤有效成份的高、中、低剂量组、阳性及模型对照组,观察可宁液对实验性口腔溃疡大鼠愈合天数、白细胞计数、脾脏指数、胸腺指数的影响。[结果]与模型对照组相比,可宁液三个剂量组均能缩短溃疡愈合天数,提高大鼠的脾脏指数及胸腺指数。其中高、中剂量组能降低大鼠的白细胞总数。结论：可宁液能促进溃疡愈合,具有一定的抗口腔溃疡作用。     

Changes in succinate dehydrogenase activity in various parts of the brain during combined exposure to vibration and licorice root

Data obtained in the studies reported here provide evidence that during exposure to vibration for 30 days, feeding with licorice root significantly increases the activity of the anaerobic respiration enzyme succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) in the cerebral cortex, while activity in the subcortex, conversely, decreases. Combined treatment for 30 days with licorice root and vibration after a preliminary 30-day period of feeding with licorice root resulted in high SDH activity in all the structures studied, improving brain energy supply and metabolism and ameliorating the effect of vibration.Translated from Rossiiskii Fiziologicheskii Zhurnal imeni I. M. Sechenova, Vol. 89, No. 12, pp. 1491–1495, December, 2003.     

Less-known botanical cosmeceuticals

ABSTRACT:  Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) has become increasingly popular in the United States during the last 10–15 years. The use of oral and topical supplements falls within this framework. Most oral and topical supplements are based on or include several botanical ingredients, many of which have long histories of traditional or folk medicine usage. Several of the available products derived from botanical sources are touted for their dermatologic benefits. The focus in this discussion will be on a select group of botanical compounds that have been used for dermatologic purposes or show promise for such applications, including: rosemary, polypodium leucotomos, propolis, oatmeal, olive oil, grape seed extract, lavender, mushrooms, and coffeeberry. Other more commonly used products of botanical origin, such as arnica, bromelain, caffeine, chamomile, ferulic acid, feverfew, green tea, licorice, pomegranate, and resveratrol, are also briefly considered.     

以甘草为中心论中医药的中和思想

甘草的药性、配伍和人文意蕴契合传统文化精髓的中和之道。甘草,解毒、和中缓急、调和诸药,其药性使众药协调配合,没有太过与不及,恰到好处地平衡身体阴阳。阴阳动态和谐是中和之道的要义。以甘草为中心论域之所以开显中医药的中和之道,首先因其为常用药,具有代表性;其次因其中和的药性契合此道;最后因药性的美德,甘草还被比作国老与君子的化身,而彰显中和之道的人格典范正是国老与君子。国老善于调和君臣关系,凝聚人心治理国家,君子具有"和而不同""时中"的特点,他们都符合甘草善于调和药物组成和谐统一的方剂、有自身特性、配伍禁忌等特征。